换位和分组行转换成列在SQL查询中

Question

我有以下两个表（带数据的SQL脚本）：

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Item_Master]( 
[Item_Name] [varcha`enter code here`r](20) NOT NULL, 
[Item_Cost] [int] NULL, 
CONSTRAINT [PK_Item_Master] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED 
( 
    [Item_Name] ASC 
) 
) 

GO 

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[ItemAnalysis] 
( 
Item_Name nvarchar(20) NOT NULL, 
Analysis_Type nvarchar(20) NOT NULL, 
Item_Quantity int NOT NULL, 
Analysis_Date date NOT NULL 
) 

GO 

insert Item_Master (Item_Name, Item_Cost) 
values ('item1', 2)  
insert Item_Master (Item_Name, Item_Cost) 
values ('item2', 3) 

insert ItemAnalysis (Item_Name, Analysis_Type, Item_Quantity, Analysis_Date) 
values ('item1', 'A', 10, '2012-01-14') 
insert ItemAnalysis (Item_Name, Analysis_Type, Item_Quantity, Analysis_Date) 
values ('item1', 'B', 12, '2012-01-14') 
insert ItemAnalysis (Item_Name, Analysis_Type, Item_Quantity, Analysis_Date) 
values ('item2', 'A', 11, '2012-01-14') 
insert ItemAnalysis (Item_Name, Analysis_Type, Item_Quantity, Analysis_Date) 
values ('item2', 'B', 14, '2012-01-14') 
insert ItemAnalysis (Item_Name, Analysis_Type, Item_Quantity, Analysis_Date) 
values ('item1', 'A', 9, '2012-02-11') 
insert ItemAnalysis (Item_Name, Analysis_Type, Item_Quantity, Analysis_Date)  
values ('item1', 'B', 11, '2012-02-11') 
insert ItemAnalysis (Item_Name, Analysis_Type, Item_Quantity, Analysis_Date) 
values ('item2', 'A', 20, '2012-02-11') 
insert ItemAnalysis (Item_Name, Analysis_Type, Item_Quantity, Analysis_Date) 
values ('item2', 'B', 7, '2012-02-11') 

我需要这样的输出：

Item_Name| Item_Cost| Analysis_Date| Type_A_Quantity| Type_B_Quantity 
---------------------------------------------------------------------- 
item1|2|2012-01-14|10|12 
item2|3|2012-01-14|11|14 
item1|2|2012-02-11|9|11 
item2|3|2012-02-11|20|7 

没有分析完成时的规律性（例如每周或每月进行一次），但每当分析完成时，就会在一天内完成所有项目。

Answer 1

SQL Fiddle

SELECT 
    m.Item_Name, 
    m.Item_Cost, 
    a.Analysis_Date, 
    SUM(CASE WHEN Analysis_Type = 'A' THEN Item_Quantity ELSE 0 END) as Type_A_Quantity, 
    SUM(CASE WHEN Analysis_Type = 'B' THEN Item_Quantity ELSE 0 END) as Type_B_Quantity 
FROM Item_Master m 
JOIN ItemAnalysis a 
    ON m.Item_Name = a.Item_Name 
GROUP BY m.Item_Name, m.Item_Cost, a.Analysis_Date