PyQt5的OpenGL模块和版本问题（调用不正确的_QOpenGLFunctions_（ver））

Question

我一直试图让the PyQt5 helloGL example code编译。当我尝试构建解决方案，我得到：

Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "C:\Users\\-PATH-\trunk\view\test.py", line 142, in initializeGL 
    self.gl = self.context().versionFunctions() 
ImportError: No module named 'PyQt5._QOpenGLFunctions_4_3_Compatibility' 
[Finished in 0.3s] 

在我PyQt5文件夹中，我有：

_QOpenGLFunctions_4_1_Core.pyd 
_QOpenGLFunctions_2_0.pyd 
_QOpenGLFunctions_2_1.pyd 

为我设置为QOpenGLFunctions不同的版本。我试着搜索调用versionFunctions（）的工作方式，看看我是否可以强制它使用4_1_Core文件，但无济于事。我已经重新安装了PyQt5两次后，重新启动几次，看看它是不是奇怪的注册表shenanigans - 这是我确保我的图形驱动程序更新后，以便正确的版本的OpenGL甚至在我的系统上（如果这是某种方式造成问题）

PyOpenGL已安装并更新，我也重新安装了它。

我最终的目标是将OpenGL渲染器嵌入到Qt窗口中，但是我还没有找到很多关于如何在python中执行此操作的示例。我一直在使用Vispy，但也遇到了很多问题，因为他们以前的Qt示例也不再工作。

Answer 1

这是使用这两条线的问题：

self.gl = self.context().versionFunctions() 
    self.gl.initializeOpenGLFunctions() 

相反，你应该用适当的主要/次要版本创建自定义QSurfaceFormat和使用QContext的setFormat，使其与适当的OpenGL版本。

无论如何，我建议你一个更简单的选择。对于我所有的pyqt opengl项目，我只是直接在我的小部件上使用PyOpenGL，并免费获得最新的opengl版本。找到下面的hellogl例子，直接使用PyOpengl，我还添加了一些例程来打印你的gpu信息，所以你会看到使用的opengl版本会匹配你的系统的一个版本（检查出gpu caps viewer或类似）：

import sys 
import math 

from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSignal, QPoint, QSize, Qt 
from PyQt5.QtGui import QColor 
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QHBoxLayout, QOpenGLWidget, QSlider, 
          QWidget) 

import OpenGL.GL as gl 


class Window(QWidget): 

    def __init__(self): 
     super(Window, self).__init__() 

     self.glWidget = GLWidget() 

     self.xSlider = self.createSlider() 
     self.ySlider = self.createSlider() 
     self.zSlider = self.createSlider() 

     self.xSlider.valueChanged.connect(self.glWidget.setXRotation) 
     self.glWidget.xRotationChanged.connect(self.xSlider.setValue) 
     self.ySlider.valueChanged.connect(self.glWidget.setYRotation) 
     self.glWidget.yRotationChanged.connect(self.ySlider.setValue) 
     self.zSlider.valueChanged.connect(self.glWidget.setZRotation) 
     self.glWidget.zRotationChanged.connect(self.zSlider.setValue) 

     mainLayout = QHBoxLayout() 
     mainLayout.addWidget(self.glWidget) 
     mainLayout.addWidget(self.xSlider) 
     mainLayout.addWidget(self.ySlider) 
     mainLayout.addWidget(self.zSlider) 
     self.setLayout(mainLayout) 

     self.xSlider.setValue(15 * 16) 
     self.ySlider.setValue(345 * 16) 
     self.zSlider.setValue(0 * 16) 

     self.setWindowTitle("Hello GL") 

    def createSlider(self): 
     slider = QSlider(Qt.Vertical) 

     slider.setRange(0, 360 * 16) 
     slider.setSingleStep(16) 
     slider.setPageStep(15 * 16) 
     slider.setTickInterval(15 * 16) 
     slider.setTickPosition(QSlider.TicksRight) 

     return slider 


class GLWidget(QOpenGLWidget): 
    xRotationChanged = pyqtSignal(int) 
    yRotationChanged = pyqtSignal(int) 
    zRotationChanged = pyqtSignal(int) 

    def __init__(self, parent=None): 
     super(GLWidget, self).__init__(parent) 

     self.object = 0 
     self.xRot = 0 
     self.yRot = 0 
     self.zRot = 0 

     self.lastPos = QPoint() 

     self.trolltechGreen = QColor.fromCmykF(0.40, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0) 
     self.trolltechPurple = QColor.fromCmykF(0.39, 0.39, 0.0, 0.0) 

    def getOpenglInfo(self): 
     info = """ 
      Vendor: {0} 
      Renderer: {1} 
      OpenGL Version: {2} 
      Shader Version: {3} 
     """.format(
      gl.glGetString(gl.GL_VENDOR), 
      gl.glGetString(gl.GL_RENDERER), 
      gl.glGetString(gl.GL_VERSION), 
      gl.glGetString(gl.GL_SHADING_LANGUAGE_VERSION) 
     ) 

     return info 

    def minimumSizeHint(self): 
     return QSize(50, 50) 

    def sizeHint(self): 
     return QSize(400, 400) 

    def setXRotation(self, angle): 
     angle = self.normalizeAngle(angle) 
     if angle != self.xRot: 
      self.xRot = angle 
      self.xRotationChanged.emit(angle) 
      self.update() 

    def setYRotation(self, angle): 
     angle = self.normalizeAngle(angle) 
     if angle != self.yRot: 
      self.yRot = angle 
      self.yRotationChanged.emit(angle) 
      self.update() 

    def setZRotation(self, angle): 
     angle = self.normalizeAngle(angle) 
     if angle != self.zRot: 
      self.zRot = angle 
      self.zRotationChanged.emit(angle) 
      self.update() 

    def initializeGL(self): 
     print(self.getOpenglInfo()) 

     self.setClearColor(self.trolltechPurple.darker()) 
     self.object = self.makeObject() 
     gl.glShadeModel(gl.GL_FLAT) 
     gl.glEnable(gl.GL_DEPTH_TEST) 
     gl.glEnable(gl.GL_CULL_FACE) 

    def paintGL(self): 
     gl.glClear(
      gl.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | gl.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT) 
     gl.glLoadIdentity() 
     gl.glTranslated(0.0, 0.0, -10.0) 
     gl.glRotated(self.xRot/16.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0) 
     gl.glRotated(self.yRot/16.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0) 
     gl.glRotated(self.zRot/16.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0) 
     gl.glCallList(self.object) 

    def resizeGL(self, width, height): 
     side = min(width, height) 
     if side < 0: 
      return 

     gl.glViewport((width - side) // 2, (height - side) // 2, side, 
          side) 

     gl.glMatrixMode(gl.GL_PROJECTION) 
     gl.glLoadIdentity() 
     gl.glOrtho(-0.5, +0.5, +0.5, -0.5, 4.0, 15.0) 
     gl.glMatrixMode(gl.GL_MODELVIEW) 

    def mousePressEvent(self, event): 
     self.lastPos = event.pos() 

    def mouseMoveEvent(self, event): 
     dx = event.x() - self.lastPos.x() 
     dy = event.y() - self.lastPos.y() 

     if event.buttons() & Qt.LeftButton: 
      self.setXRotation(self.xRot + 8 * dy) 
      self.setYRotation(self.yRot + 8 * dx) 
     elif event.buttons() & Qt.RightButton: 
      self.setXRotation(self.xRot + 8 * dy) 
      self.setZRotation(self.zRot + 8 * dx) 

     self.lastPos = event.pos() 

    def makeObject(self): 
     genList = gl.glGenLists(1) 
     gl.glNewList(genList, gl.GL_COMPILE) 

     gl.glBegin(gl.GL_QUADS) 

     x1 = +0.06 
     y1 = -0.14 
     x2 = +0.14 
     y2 = -0.06 
     x3 = +0.08 
     y3 = +0.00 
     x4 = +0.30 
     y4 = +0.22 

     self.quad(x1, y1, x2, y2, y2, x2, y1, x1) 
     self.quad(x3, y3, x4, y4, y4, x4, y3, x3) 

     self.extrude(x1, y1, x2, y2) 
     self.extrude(x2, y2, y2, x2) 
     self.extrude(y2, x2, y1, x1) 
     self.extrude(y1, x1, x1, y1) 
     self.extrude(x3, y3, x4, y4) 
     self.extrude(x4, y4, y4, x4) 
     self.extrude(y4, x4, y3, x3) 

     NumSectors = 200 

     for i in range(NumSectors): 
      angle1 = (i * 2 * math.pi)/NumSectors 
      x5 = 0.30 * math.sin(angle1) 
      y5 = 0.30 * math.cos(angle1) 
      x6 = 0.20 * math.sin(angle1) 
      y6 = 0.20 * math.cos(angle1) 

      angle2 = ((i + 1) * 2 * math.pi)/NumSectors 
      x7 = 0.20 * math.sin(angle2) 
      y7 = 0.20 * math.cos(angle2) 
      x8 = 0.30 * math.sin(angle2) 
      y8 = 0.30 * math.cos(angle2) 

      self.quad(x5, y5, x6, y6, x7, y7, x8, y8) 

      self.extrude(x6, y6, x7, y7) 
      self.extrude(x8, y8, x5, y5) 

     gl.glEnd() 
     gl.glEndList() 

     return genList 

    def quad(self, x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, x4, y4): 
     self.setColor(self.trolltechGreen) 

     gl.glVertex3d(x1, y1, -0.05) 
     gl.glVertex3d(x2, y2, -0.05) 
     gl.glVertex3d(x3, y3, -0.05) 
     gl.glVertex3d(x4, y4, -0.05) 

     gl.glVertex3d(x4, y4, +0.05) 
     gl.glVertex3d(x3, y3, +0.05) 
     gl.glVertex3d(x2, y2, +0.05) 
     gl.glVertex3d(x1, y1, +0.05) 

    def extrude(self, x1, y1, x2, y2): 
     self.setColor(self.trolltechGreen.darker(250 + int(100 * x1))) 

     gl.glVertex3d(x1, y1, +0.05) 
     gl.glVertex3d(x2, y2, +0.05) 
     gl.glVertex3d(x2, y2, -0.05) 
     gl.glVertex3d(x1, y1, -0.05) 

    def normalizeAngle(self, angle): 
     while angle < 0: 
      angle += 360 * 16 
     while angle > 360 * 16: 
      angle -= 360 * 16 
     return angle 

    def setClearColor(self, c): 
     gl.glClearColor(c.redF(), c.greenF(), c.blueF(), c.alphaF()) 

    def setColor(self, c): 
     gl.glColor4f(c.redF(), c.greenF(), c.blueF(), c.alphaF()) 


if __name__ == '__main__': 

    app = QApplication(sys.argv) 
    window = Window() 
    window.show() 
    sys.exit(app.exec_())