glTexSubImage2D性能怪异

Question

我很好奇，看到使用OpenGL配置纹理上传的性能，并注意到我认为很奇怪的事情。我使用glTexStorage2D创建了一个4K纹理，格式为GL_RGBA8。然后，我使用每个帧glTexSubImage2D重新上传静态图像缓冲区到纹理。基于帧速率，我得到大约5.19GB/s。接下来，我将纹理格式更改为GL_SRGB8_ALPHA8并重新尝试实验。这一次我得到了2.81GB/s，显着下降。这看起来很奇怪，因为据我所知，上传sRGB数据和上传RGB数据应该没有什么不同，因为没有应该发生的转换（在采样过程中，sRGB转换应该在着色器中进行）。

一些附加信息。对于第一次测试，我在拨打glTexSubImage2D时使用GL_RGBA和GL_UNSIGNED_INT_8_8_8_8_REV，因为这是驱动程序（通过glGetInternalformativ）告诉我的理想选择。根据司机的建议，我使用GL_UNSIGNED_INT_8_8_8_8进行第二次测试。一些测试证实这些是分别使用的最快格式。这是使用332.21驱动程序在Windows 7 x64上使用Nvidia GeForce GTX 760。

#include <GL/glew.h> 
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h> 
#include <vector> 
#include <cstdlib> 
#include <cstdio> 

#define SCREEN_SIZE_X 1024 
#define SCREEN_SIZE_Y 1024 

#define GLSL(src) "#version 440 core\n" #src 

const char* vertex_shader = GLSL(
    const vec2 data[4] = vec2[] 
    (
     vec2(-1.0, 1.0), 
     vec2(-1.0, -1.0), 
     vec2(1.0, 1.0), 
     vec2(1.0, -1.0) 
    ); 

    void main() 
    { 
     gl_Position = vec4(data[gl_VertexID], 0.0, 1.0); 
    } 
); 

const char* fragment_shader = GLSL(
    layout(location = 0) uniform sampler2D texture0; 
    layout(location = 1) uniform vec2 screenSize; 
    out vec4 frag_color; 

    void main() 
    { 
     frag_color = texture(texture0, gl_FragCoord.xy/screenSize); 
    } 
); 

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) 
{ 
    if(!glfwInit()) 
     exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 

    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_RESIZABLE, GL_FALSE); 
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 4); 
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 4); 
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE); 
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GL_TRUE); 

    GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(SCREEN_SIZE_X, SCREEN_SIZE_Y, "OpenGL Texture Upload", nullptr, nullptr); 

    if(!window) 
    { 
     glfwTerminate(); 
     exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 
    } 

    glfwMakeContextCurrent(window); 
    glfwSwapInterval(0); 

    glewExperimental = GL_TRUE; 

    if(glewInit() != GLEW_OK) 
    { 
     glfwTerminate(); 
     exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 
    } 

    GLuint vao = 0; 
    glGenVertexArrays(1, &vao); 
    glBindVertexArray(vao); 

    GLuint vs = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER); 
    glShaderSource(vs, 1, &vertex_shader, nullptr); 
    glCompileShader(vs); 

    GLuint fs = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER); 
    glShaderSource(fs, 1, &fragment_shader, nullptr); 
    glCompileShader(fs); 

    GLuint shader_program = glCreateProgram(); 
    glAttachShader(shader_program, fs); 
    glAttachShader(shader_program, vs); 
    glLinkProgram(shader_program); 
    glUseProgram(shader_program); 

    glProgramUniform2f(shader_program, 1, SCREEN_SIZE_X, SCREEN_SIZE_Y); 

    GLuint texture = 0; 
    glGenTextures(1, &texture); 
#ifdef USE_SRGB 
    glTextureStorage2DEXT(texture, GL_TEXTURE_2D, 1, GL_SRGB8_ALPHA8, 4096, 4096); 
#else 
    glTextureStorage2DEXT(texture, GL_TEXTURE_2D, 1, GL_RGBA8, 4096, 4096); 
#endif 
    glTextureParameteriEXT(texture, GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); 
    glTextureParameteriEXT(texture, GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); 
    glTextureParameteriEXT(texture, GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); 
    glTextureParameteriEXT(texture, GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); 
    glBindMultiTextureEXT(GL_TEXTURE0, GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture); 
    glProgramUniform1i(shader_program, 0, 0); 

    std::vector<unsigned int> image_buffer(4096*4096, 0xFF0000FFul); 

    double lastTime = glfwGetTime(); 
    double nbFrames = 0; 

    while(!glfwWindowShouldClose(window)) 
    { 
     double currentTime = glfwGetTime(); 
     nbFrames++; 
     if (currentTime - lastTime >= 1.0) 
     { 
      char cbuffer[50]; 
      snprintf(cbuffer, sizeof(cbuffer), "OpenGL Texture Upload [%.1f fps, %.3f ms]", nbFrames, 1000.0/nbFrames); 
      glfwSetWindowTitle(window, cbuffer); 
      nbFrames = 0; 
      lastTime++; 
     } 
#ifdef USE_SRGB 
     glTextureSubImage2DEXT(texture, GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0, 0, 4096, 4096, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_8_8_8_8, image_buffer.data()); 
#else 
     glTextureSubImage2DEXT(texture, GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0, 0, 4096, 4096, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_8_8_8_8_REV, image_buffer.data()); 
#endif 
     glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); 
     glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4); 
     glfwSwapBuffers(window); 
     glfwPollEvents(); 
    } 

    glfwDestroyWindow(window); 
    glfwTerminate(); 
    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); 
} 

Answer 1

显然有这样的东西作为'原生像素格式'。看看this link from Nvidia，特别是第32.1.3节。