使用WordNet和NLTK替换语料库中的同义词 - python

Question

试图编写简单的python脚本，它将使用NLTK在txt文件中查找和替换同义词。

下面的代码给我错误：

Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "C:\Users\Nedim\Documents\sinon2.py", line 21, in <module> 
    change(word) 
    File "C:\Users\Nedim\Documents\sinon2.py", line 4, in change 
    synonym = wn.synset(word + ".n.01").lemma_names 
TypeError: can only concatenate list (not "str") to list 

这里是代码：

from nltk.corpus import wordnet as wn 

def change(word): 
    synonym = wn.synset(word + ".n.01").lemma_names 

    if word in synonym: 

      filename = open("C:/Users/tester/Desktop/test.txt").read() 
      writeSynonym = filename.replace(str(word), str(synonym[0])) 
      f = open("C:/Users/tester/Desktop/test.txt", 'w') 
      f.write(writeSynonym) 
      f.close() 

f = open("C:/Users/tester/Desktop/test.txt") 
lines = f.readlines() 

for i in range(len(lines)): 

    word = lines[i].split() 
    change(word) 

Answer 1

两件事情。首先，你可以更改文件的阅读部分：

for line in open("C:/Users/tester/Desktop/test.txt"): 
    word = line.split() 

第二，.split()返回一个字符串列表，而你的change功能出现在时间上一个字，只运行。这是什么导致异常。您的word实际上是一个列表。

如果你想在该行的每一个字处理，使其看起来像：

for line in open("C:/Users/tester/Desktop/test.txt"): 
    words = line.split() 
    for word in words: 
     change(word) 

Answer 2

这并不十分有效，而这不会取代单一的代名词。因为每个单词可能有多个同义词。你可以从中选择，

from nltk.corpus import wordnet as wn 
from nltk.corpus.reader.plaintext import PlaintextCorpusReader 


corpus_root = 'C://Users//tester//Desktop//' 
wordlists = PlaintextCorpusReader(corpus_root, '.*') 


for word in wordlists.words('test.txt'): 
    synonymList = set() 
    wordNetSynset = wn.synsets(word) 
    for synSet in wordNetSynset: 
     for synWords in synSet.lemma_names: 
      synonymList.add(synWords) 
    print synonymList