MatPlotLib，日期时间，和类型错误：ufunc“ISFINITE”不支持输入类型...

Question

这里是产生填充区域的两行的曲线图之间的小片的代码：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 
import numpy as np 

x = np.arange(0.0, 2, 0.01) 
y1 = np.sin(2 * np.pi * x) 
y2 = 1.2 * np.sin(4 * np.pi * x) 

fig, ax1 = plt.subplots(1, 1, sharex=True) 

# Test support for masked arrays. 
ax1.fill_between(x, 0, y1) 
ax1.set_ylabel('between y1 and 0') 
y2 = np.ma.masked_greater(y2, 1.0) 
ax1.plot(x, y1, x, y2, color='black') 
ax1.fill_between(
    x, y1, y2, where=y2 >= y1, 
    facecolor='green', 
    interpolate=True) 
ax1.fill_between(x, y1, y2, where=y2 <= y1, facecolor='red', interpolate=True) 
ax1.set_title('Now regions with y2>1 are masked') 

# Show the plot. 
plt.show() 

它看起来像这样：

现在，改变开始让x现在的日期倍集合对象，像这样：

import datetime 

x1 = np.arange(0.0, 2, 0.01) 
now = np.datetime64(datetime.datetime.now()) 
x = np.array([now - np.timedelta64(datetime.timedelta(seconds=i)) for i in range(200)]) 
y1 = np.sin(2 * np.pi * x1) 
y2 = 1.2 * np.sin(4 * np.pi * x1) 

个

产量：

Traceback (most recent call last):            File "fill_between_demo.py", line 21, in <module>        
    ax1.fill_between(x, 0, y1)             
    File "/home/usr/.virtualenvs/raiju/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/__init__.py", line 1898, in inner             
    return func(ax, *args, **kwargs)            
    File "/home/usr/.virtualenvs/raiju/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/axes/_axes.py", line 4778, in fill_between           
    x = ma.masked_invalid(self.convert_xunits(x))        
    File "/home/usr/.virtualenvs/raiju/lib/python3.6/site-packages/numpy/ma/core.py", line 2388, in masked_invalid            
    condition = ~(np.isfinite(a))            
TypeError: ufunc 'isfinite' not supported for the input types, and the inputs could not be safely coerced to any supported types according to the casting rule ''safe''  

这是为什么发生，如何解决呢？

请注意，绘制数据（又名不使用fill*）工作得很好。

Answer 1

问题是，numpy ufunc isfinite没有为numpy.datetime64 dtype定义。尽管如此，仍有努力改变这一点。这issue on numpy's github正在这pull-request正在工作，但只要这还没有完成并合并，您将无法在该dtype上使用isfinite。这是一个问题，因为matplotlib.pyplot.fill_between在调用numpy.ma.masked_invalid来隐藏输入数组的所有无效条目时隐式使用此函数。

虽然有一个解决办法。正如在answer中指出类似的问题，有关fill_between类似的问题，datetime64类型的熊猫Series的绘图，pandas注册一个自定义转换器（其中包括）datetime64 dtype与matplotlib的numpy数组。要使用它，你只需要导入熊猫：

import numpy as np 
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 
import datetime 
# import pandas for its converter that is then used in pyplot! 
import pandas 

x1 = np.arange(0.0, 2, 0.01) 
now = np.datetime64(datetime.datetime.now()) 
x = np.array([now - np.timedelta64(datetime.timedelta(seconds=i)) 
       for i in range(200)]) 
y1 = np.sin(2 * np.pi * x1) 
y2 = 1.2 * np.sin(4 * np.pi * x1) 

fig, ax1 = plt.subplots(1, 1, sharex=True) 

# Test support for masked arrays. 
ax1.fill_between(x, 0, y1) 
ax1.set_ylabel('between y1 and 0') 
y2 = np.ma.masked_greater(y2, 1.0) 
ax1.plot(x, y1, x, y2, color='black') 
ax1.fill_between(
    x, y1, y2, where=y2 >= y1, 
    facecolor='green', 
    interpolate=True) 
ax1.fill_between(x, y1, y2, where=y2 <= y1, facecolor='red', interpolate=True) 
ax1.set_title('Now regions with y2>1 are masked') 

# Show the plot. 
plt.show() 

会工作，并给你所需的输出：