Git恢复“恢复是不可能的，因为你有未合并的文件”

Question

我做了一个简单的例子来文本一些GIT函数。在仓库中只有一个文本文件：

1 

添加COMMITED变化

再变TXT。文件到：

1 
2 

添加COMMITED变化

的Git日志提供了以下结果：

commit 00e59212a6... 
.. 
second commit 

commit 7c319d587.... 
.. 
first commit 

在这一点上我想回到第一次提交（但我不想我试过：

git revert 7c319d587 

但我得到以下错误信息：

revert is not possible because you have unmerged files 
hint: Fix them up in the work tree, and the use "git add/rm 
hint: as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit 

我是新来GIT - 我使用SVN之前，你可以处理这样的事情很简单，所以我想知道如果这个简单的事情，需要在GIT几个步骤？

非常感谢您的帮助。

Answer 1

好了，我已经试过你认为你做，做什么你写

cd /tmp 
mkdir so35588521 
cd so35588521 
git init 
# Initialized empty Git repository in /tmp/so35588521/.git/ 
touch 1 
echo "1" > 1 
git add . 
git commit -m "first" 
# [master (root-commit) 173f431] first 
# 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) 
# create mode 100644 1 
touch 2 
touch 3 
git add . 
git commit -m "second" 
# [master a9fdcc9] second 
# 2 files changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) 
# create mode 100644 2 
# create mode 100644 3 
git log 
# commit a9fdcc9338c9b3de25c211580a35ab63d1d57c2e 
# Author: Me and my email 
# Date: Tue Feb 23 22:46:50 2016 +0100 
git revert a9fd 
# [master dd5a86e] Revert "second" 
# 2 files changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) 
# delete mode 100644 2 
# delete mode 100644 3 

你可以看到 - 一切顺利。因此，我认为，AHA！她/他必须做别的事情，忽略在SO上提及它。哦，我会弄清楚他/她用水晶球做了什么。它在什么地方铺设无用。

所以，合并，git说。然后，让我们创建一个分支并尝试将其与我们的主分支合并。

git checkout -b a_branch 
# Switched to a new branch 'a_branch' 
echo "2" > 1 
git status 
# On branch a_branch ... 
git add . 
git commit -m "third" 
# [a_branch 96d3a7a] third 
# 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) 
git checkout master 
# Switched to branch 'master' 
echo "3" > 1 
git add . 
git commit -m "fourth" 
# [master 7f72eec] fourth 
# 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) 
#### Now we have first commit, and second, and revert second, and two commits: third on **a_branch** branch and fourth on **master**. 
git merge a_branch 
# Auto-merging 1 
# CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in 1 
# Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result. 
# *Oh DANG* whyy? Git stop, don't do that it hurts, revert! 
git revert last_commit_id_from_git_log 
# error: revert is not possible because you have unmerged files. 
# hint: Fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>' 
# hint: as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit. 
# fatal: revert failed 
# *Git nope!* 

现在，这只是我的猜测，并带来了一点幽默感，所以我希望。如果这不是你所做的，你能告诉我们确切的步骤吗？由于我无法复制您正在使用的错误，因此我觉得无法完成。

编辑：

由于OP坚持认为，绝对没有做一个分支...

rm * 
rm -rf .git 
git init 
echo -e "line one\n" > 1 
git add . 
git ci -m "first" 
echo -e "line two\n" >> 1 
git ci -a -m "second" 
git log 
# commit 23d710610d98c1046844870557208f335e76a933 
# Author: ME <me@home> 
# Date: Tue Feb 23 23:31:28 2016 +0100 
# 
#  second 
# 
# commit 22873fb5fbf06d80a1779fe6740060c660d68714 
# Author: ME <me@home> 
# Date: Tue Feb 23 23:30:47 2016 +0100 
# 
# first 

git revert "first" 
# fatal: bad revision 'first' # but OK i assume You used id, so, 
git revert 22873fb5fbf06d80 
# error: could not revert 22873fb... first 
# hint: after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths 
# hint: with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>' 
# hint: and commit the result with 'git commit' 

Ahaaa，现在我知道了！而那.​​.....是比萨饼。

好的，我检查了一下，你是对的，在我的git --version 2.6.3我可以复制这种行为。其实，我认为你在这里进入了一个非常角落的案例。发生了什么事是，在你的第二次提交后，git存储了你对文件test.txt所做的更改并保留了这些更改。现在你告诉他（它？）到git revert first_commit_id哪个实际上创建了文件test.txt。我无法确定，但这对我来说似乎是一个小错误。

但是！如果你在第二次提交 - 添加文件，例如test2.txt（所以你会有两个文件版本在git仓库中），然后revert工程。