JPanel实际上如何工作？

Question

我对Java相当陌生，我试图创建一个程序，在这个程序中，计算机绘制随机的圆圈，矩形和线条，然后计算它们的正下方显示的数字。

import java.awt.Graphics; 
import java.util.Random; 
import javax.swing.JPanel; 

public class Shapes extends JPanel{ 

` private int noOfCircles; 
    private int noOfLines; 
    private int noOfRect; 

    public void paintComponent(Graphics g){ 

     Random rand = new Random(); 
     super.paintComponent(g); 

     int x = 10; 
     int y = 10; 

     noOfCircles = 0; 
     noOfLines = 0; 
     noOfRect = 0; 


     for(int i = 0; i<10; i++){ 

      int choice = rand.nextInt(3); 

      if(choice == 0){ 
       noOfLines++; 
       g.drawLine(x, y, i*10+50, i+100); 
      } 
      else if(choice == 1){ 
       noOfRect++; 
       g.drawRect(i*20, y*20, x*10, y *10); 
      } 
      else{ 
       noOfCircles++; 
       g.drawOval(x*10, i*20, x*10, y*10); 
      } 
      x+=5; 
      y+=5; 

     } 

     System.out.println(status()); 

    } 

    public String status(){ 

     String message = String.format("Circles : %d; Rect : %d; Lines : %d;", noOfCircles, noOfRect, noOfLines); 
     return message; 
    } 

} 

而且

import java.awt.BorderLayout; 
import javax.swing.JLabel; 
import javax.swing.JFrame; 

public class ShapesTest { 

    public static void main(String args[]){ 

     Shapes panel  = new Shapes(); 
     JFrame app  = new JFrame(); 
     JLabel statusBar = new JLabel(); 

     String message = panel.status(); 
     statusBar.setText(message); 
     statusBar.setSize(400, 20); 

     app.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); 
     app.add(panel); 
     app.add(statusBar, BorderLayout.SOUTH); 
     app.setSize(400, 400); 
     app.setVisible(true); 

    } 

} 

问题是，Shape类总是返回noOfCircles，noOfLines，noOfRect = 0不管它们被称为时。我不明白它是如何工作

Answer 1

这工作和调整大小不更新。 同样的看法和逻辑是分开的。

import java.awt.BorderLayout; 
import javax.swing.JLabel; 
import javax.swing.JFrame; 

public class ShapesTest { 

    public static void main(String args[]){ 

     Shapes panel  = new Shapes(); 
     JFrame app  = new JFrame(); 
     JLabel statusBar = new JLabel(); 

     statusBar.setSize(400, 20); 
     app.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); 
     app.add(panel); 
     app.add(statusBar, BorderLayout.SOUTH); 
     app.setSize(400, 400); 
     app.setVisible(true); 

     statusBar.setText(panel.status()); 

    } 

} 

import java.awt.Graphics; 
import javax.swing.JPanel; 
import java.util.Random; 

public class Shapes extends JPanel{ 
    private static final int TYPE_LINE = 0; 
    private static final int TYPE_RECT = 1; 
    // private static final int TYPE_OVAL = 2; // not used 
    private int[] forms = new int[10]; 

    private int c = 0, r = 0, l = 0; 

    public Shapes() { 
     super(); 

     Random rand = new Random(); 

     for(int i = 0; i < forms.length; i++) { 
      int choice = rand.nextInt(3); 

      if(choice == TYPE_LINE) 
       c++; 
      else if(choice == TYPE_RECT) 
       r++; 
      else 
       l++; 

      forms[i] = choice; 
     } 
    } 

    public void paintComponent(Graphics g){ 
     super.paintComponent(g); 

     int x = 10; 
     int y = 10; 

     for(int i = 0; i < forms.length; i++) { 
      int choice = forms[i]; 

      if(choice == TYPE_LINE){ 
       g.drawLine(x, y, i*10+50, i+100); 
      } 

      else if(choice == TYPE_RECT){ 
       g.drawRect(i*20, y*20, x*10, y *10); 
      } 

      else { 
       g.drawOval(x*10, i*20, x*10, y*10);  
      } 

      x+=5; 
      y+=5; 
     } 
    } 

    public String status(){   
     String message = String.format("C:%d;R:%d;L:%d", c, r, l); 
     return message; 
    } 
} 

Answer 2

你的问题是，你叫

String message = panel.status(); 
statusBar.setText(message); 

在你的JPanel是可见的，所以它从未被绘制。

import java.awt.BorderLayout; 
import javax.swing.JLabel; 
import javax.swing.JFrame; 

public class ShapesTest { 

    public static void main(String args[]){ 

     Shapes panel  = new Shapes(); 
     JFrame app  = new JFrame(); 
     JLabel statusBar = new JLabel(); 

     statusBar.setSize(400, 20); 

     app.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); 
     app.add(panel); 
     app.add(statusBar, BorderLayout.SOUTH); 
     app.setSize(400, 400); 
     app.setVisible(true); 

     String message = panel.status(); 
     statusBar.setText(message); 
    } 

} 

有了这个ShapesTest级应该按预期工作，但由于气垫船全鳗鱼提到你应该分开逻辑（控制器）和渲染（视图）