当bbox_inches ='tight'且pad_inches没有达到预期的效果时，修剪3D pdf空间中的白色空间（savefig）

Question

下面的代码中，我生成了一个我想用pdf保存的图。我使用savefig命令：

fig.savefig("Surface_I.pdf") 

PDF文件包含了大量的白色空间left，并up：

fig.savefig("Surface_I.pdf", bbox_inches='tight')解决方案削减了一点x和z信息，而不删除来自left和top的空间太大：

的fig.savefig("Surface_I.pdf", bbox_inches='tight', pad_inches=0.3)解决方案增加了一些空间，固定只是删除了信息：

，但仍然存在left和top太多空间。

如何从pdf中删除或修剪所有此left和top空白区域？

注意：所有这些图片都是pdf生成的截图。

代码：

import numpy as np 
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D 
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 

# Function: 
z_fit = a0 + a1*yy + a2*xx + a3*yy**2 + a4*xx**2 + a5*xx*yy 

# Parameters: 
a0 = -941.487789948 
a1 = 0.0146881652963 
a2 = -2.53533353374e-05 
a3 = -9.64343252786e-05 
a4 = -2.47416662598e-08 
a5 = 3.77136886946e-07 

x_mesh = np.linspace(10.0000000000000, 2000.0000000000000, 20) 
y_mesh = np.linspace(-4.4119598462100, 10.8557347078000, 20) 

xx, yy = np.meshgrid(x_mesh, y_mesh) 


# Plot the function 
fig = plt.figure() 
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d') 

ax.plot_surface(xx, yy, z_fit, color='b', alpha=0.5) 

ax.set_xlabel('\nx') 
ax.set_ylabel('y') 
ax.set_zlabel('\nzzzzz zzz', linespacing=3) 
ax.set_title('\n\nSurface I', linespacing=3) 
xlabels=[0, 250, 500, 750, 1000, 1250, 1500, 1750, 2000] 
ax.set_xticklabels(xlabels,rotation=90, 
        verticalalignment='baseline',#)#, 
        horizontalalignment='left') 

ylabels = [-4, -2, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10] 
ax.set_yticklabels(ylabels,rotation=0, 
        verticalalignment='baseline')#, 
#     horizontalalignment='left') 


fig.savefig("Surface_I.pdf", bbox_inches='tight', pad_inches=0.3) 

Answer 1

尝试更改列表边框下面的代码（边界= [XMIN，YMIN，XMAX，YMAX]在数字设备坐标） 这是一个有点棘手，你创建一个轴AX0尺寸边框清单 ，并在其中添加3D图形的轴。 边境尝试= [-0.5,0,1.5,1]你就会明白这个名单的

import numpy as np 
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D 
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 

# Parameters: 
a0 = -941.487789948 
a1 = 0.0146881652963 
a2 = -2.53533353374e-05 
a3 = -9.64343252786e-05 
a4 = -2.47416662598e-08 
a5 = 3.77136886946e-07 

x_mesh = np.linspace(10.0000000000000, 2000.0000000000000, 20) 
y_mesh = np.linspace(-4.4119598462100, 10.8557347078000, 20) 

xx, yy = np.meshgrid(x_mesh, y_mesh) 

# Function: 
z_fit = a0 + a1*yy + a2*xx + a3*yy**2 + a4*xx**2 + a5*xx*yy 


def axesborder(border): 
    # border = [xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax] 
    # return [xmin,ymin,dx,dy] 
    return [border[0],border[1],border[2]-border[0],border[3]-border[1]] 

# Plot the function 
fig = plt.figure(1) 
fig.set_size_inches((16,9), forward=True) 
border = [-0.1,0,1.05,1] 
#border = [0,0,1,1] 
ax0 = fig.add_axes(axesborder(border)) 
ax0.set_axis_off() 

ax = fig.add_axes(ax0.get_position(),projection='3d',zorder = 1) 

ax.plot_surface(xx, yy, z_fit, color='b', alpha=0.5) 

ax.set_xlabel('\nx') 
ax.set_ylabel('y') 
ax.set_zlabel('\nzzzzz zzz', linespacing=3) 
ax.set_title('\n\nSurface I', linespacing=3) 
xlabels=[0, 250, 500, 750, 1000, 1250, 1500, 1750, 2000] 
ax.set_xticklabels(xlabels,rotation=90, 
        verticalalignment='baseline',#)#, 
        horizontalalignment='left') 

ylabels = [-4, -2, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10] 
ax.set_yticklabels(ylabels,rotation=0,verticalalignment='baseline') 

plt.show() 

plt.savefig('test.pdf')