将BLE设备连接到Android发送数据（nUART）

Question

我试图将BLE设备（Adafruit羽毛M0 Bluefruit LE）连接到Android应用程序。羽毛有一个传感器发送特殊传感器事件的UART文本。

我想

• 连接到该设备（静态MAC地址）
• 连接到北欧-UART服务
• 从羽毛
• 实现连接的监控接收文本

现在我想了解BLE是如何工作的。我理解它只要连接到设备，但在那之后我不明白。

1. 如何连接到服务或自动连接到服务？
   1. 我需要什么来获取传入数据的数据或通知？

这是现在的代码。现在有检查，所以当事情没有按计划发生时，它会崩溃。但我试图了解BLE的事情。另外它不是一项服务，只是一项活动。我无法测试它，因为智能手机不到一周的时间。

package de.example.bluetoothletest; 

import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter; 
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice; 
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt; 
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback; 
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic; 
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager; 
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile; 
import android.content.Context; 
import android.content.Intent; 
import android.support.v4.content.LocalBroadcastManager; 
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; 
import android.os.Bundle; 
import java.util.UUID; 

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { 

private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter; 
private BluetoothGatt mBluetoothGatt; 
private String deviceaddress=("FC:57:1A:B7:22:AD"); 
public final static String ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE = "de.example.BluetoothLETest.ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE"; 
public static final UUID RX_SERVICE_UUID = UUID.fromString("6e400001-b5a3-f393-e0a9-e50e24dcca9e"); 
public static final UUID RX_CHAR_UUID = UUID.fromString("6e400002-b5a3-f393-e0a9-e50e24dcca9e"); 
public static final UUID TX_CHAR_UUID = UUID.fromString("6e400003-b5a3-f393-e0a9-e50e24dcca9e"); 
public static String EXTRA_DATA="de.example.BluetoothLETest.EXTRA_DATA"; 


@Override 
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); 



    //get the BluetoothAdapter 
    final BluetoothManager mbluetoothManager=(BluetoothManager) getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE); 
    mBluetoothAdapter=mbluetoothManager.getAdapter(); 

} 
public void connect(){ 
    //connect to the given deviceaddress 
    BluetoothDevice device=mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(deviceaddress); 
    mBluetoothGatt=device.connectGatt(this, false, mGattCallback); 
    //now we get callbacks on mGattCallback 
} 

//get callbacks when something changes 
private final BluetoothGattCallback mGattCallback=new BluetoothGattCallback() { 
    @Override 
    public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status, int newState) { 
     if (newState== BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED){ 
      //device connected 
     } 
    } 

    @Override 
    public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) { 
     if (status==BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS){ 
      //all Services have been discovered 
     } 
    } 

    @Override 
    public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) { 
     //we are still connected to the service 
     if (status==BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS){ 
      //send the characteristic to broadcastupdate 
      broadcastupdate(ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic); 
     } 
    } 

    @Override 
    public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) { 
     //send the characteristic to broadcastupdate 
     broadcastupdate(ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic); 
    } 
}; 

//Get the 'real' data out of characteristic 
private void broadcastupdate(final String action,final BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic){ 
    final Intent intent= new Intent(action); 
    //only when it is the right characteristic?/service? 
    if (TX_CHAR_UUID.equals(characteristic.getUuid())){ 
     //get the 'real' data from the stream 
     intent.putExtra(EXTRA_DATA, characteristic.getValue()); 
     //send the extracted data via LocalBroadcastManager 
     LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).sendBroadcast(intent); 

    } 

} 
} 

此代码是否适用于智能手机接收的内容？如何连接到特定的服务，或者由于设备只提供一项服务，我该如何自动完成？

Answer 1

你的连接方式改成这样：

if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) { 
        intentAction = ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED; 
        broadcastUpdate(intentAction); 
        gatt.discoverServices(); 
       } 

和serviceDiscoverd

@Override 
     public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) { 
      super.onServicesDiscovered(gatt, status); 
      List<BluetoothGattService> services = gatt.getServices(); 
      gatt.readCharacteristic(services.get(1).getCharacteristics().get(0)); 
      String uuid; 
      List<BluetoothGattCharacteristic> gattCharacteristics; 
      ArrayList<BluetoothGattCharacteristic> charas; 
      for (BluetoothGattService gattService : services) { 
       gattCharacteristics = 
         gattService.getCharacteristics(); 
       charas = new ArrayList<>(); 
       for (BluetoothGattCharacteristic gattCharacteristic : gattCharacteristics) { 
        charas.add(gattCharacteristic); 
        uuid = gattCharacteristic.getUuid().toString(); 
        if (uuid.equals("0000fff4-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb")) { 
         final int charaProp = gattCharacteristic.getProperties(); 
         if ((charaProp | BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_NOTIFY) > 0) { 
          BluetoothGattCharacteristic mNotifyCharacteristic = gattCharacteristic; 
          setCharacteristicNotification(
            gattCharacteristic, true); 
         } 
        } 
       } 
      } 
     } 

---

public void setCharacteristicNotification(final BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, 
               boolean enabled) { 
     if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || mGatt == null) { 
      return; 
     } 
     mGatt.setCharacteristicNotification(characteristic, enabled); 

     Log.e("uuid service", characteristic.getUuid() + ""); 
     String uuid = "0000fff2-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"; 

     if (uuid.equals(characteristic.getUuid().toString())) { 
      Log.e("uuid service2", characteristic.getUuid() + ""); 
      BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor = characteristic.getDescriptor(
        UUID.fromString(SampleGattAttributes.CLIENT_CHARACTERISTIC_CONFIG)); 
      if (descriptor != null) { 
       descriptor.setValue(enabled ? BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE : new byte[]{0x00, 0x00}); 
       mGatt.writeDescriptor(descriptor); 
      } 
     } 
    } 

现在终于卡读取特点：

@Override 
     public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) { 
      super.onCharacteristicRead(gatt, characteristic, status); 
      updateStatus(characteristic); 
      Log.e("gatt", "readChar"); 
     } 

     @Override 
     public void onCharacteristicWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) { 
      super.onCharacteristicWrite(gatt, characteristic, status); 
      updateStatus(characteristic); 
      Log.e("gatt", "writeChar"); 
     } 

     @Override 
     public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) { 
      super.onCharacteristicChanged(gatt, characteristic); 
      updateStatus(characteristic); 
      Log.e("gatt", "changeChar"); 
     }