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在我开始提问之前,让我提一下我已经知道下面的多处理代码被破坏了。其中有TOCTOU错误。以下代码旨在为我提供教学目的,以便我可以更多地了解代码是如何被破坏的。所以我的问题是关于破碎代码的一个特定方面。首先,让我展示我的代码。为什么仅在访问多处理特定场景中的共享列表时发生“Broken pipe”错误?
现在,您可以完全忽略worker_b
,因为我们现在不在任何地方使用它。我们稍后再回来。
import Queue
import multiprocessing
import time
lock = multiprocessing.Lock()
def pprint(s):
lock.acquire()
print(s)
lock.release()
def worker_a(i, stack):
if stack:
data = stack.pop()
pprint('worker %d got %d' % (i, data))
time.sleep(2)
pprint('worker %d exiting ...' % i)
else:
pprint('worker %d has nothing to do!' % i)
def worker_b(i, stack):
if stack:
data = stack.pop()
pprint('worker %d got %d (stack length: %d)' % (i, data, len(stack)))
time.sleep(2)
pprint('worker %d exiting ... (stack length: %d)' % (i, len(stack)))
else:
pprint('worker %d has nothing to do!' % i)
manager = multiprocessing.Manager()
stack = manager.list()
def master():
for i in range(5):
stack.append(i)
pprint('master put %d' % i)
i = 0
while stack:
t = multiprocessing.Process(target=worker_a, args=(i, stack))
t.start()
time.sleep(1)
i += 1
pprint('master returning ...')
master()
pprint('master returned!')
以上破碎的代码似乎工作正常。
$ python mplifo.py
master put 0
master put 1
master put 2
master put 3
master put 4
worker 0 got 4
worker 1 got 3
worker 0 exiting ...
worker 2 got 2
worker 1 exiting ...
worker 3 got 1
worker 2 exiting ...
worker 4 got 0
worker 3 exiting ...
master returning ...
master returned!
worker 4 exiting ...
然而,如果我请worker_b
代替worker_a
,即改变
t = multiprocessing.Process(target=worker_a, args=(i, stack))
到
t = multiprocessing.Process(target=worker_b, args=(i, stack))
出现以下错误。
$ python mplifo.py
master put 0
master put 1
master put 2
master put 3
master put 4
worker 0 got 4 (stack length: 4)
worker 1 got 3 (stack length: 3)
worker 0 exiting ... (stack length: 3)
worker 2 got 2 (stack length: 2)
worker 1 exiting ... (stack length: 2)
worker 3 got 1 (stack length: 1)
worker 2 exiting ... (stack length: 1)
worker 4 got 0 (stack length: 0)
worker 3 exiting ... (stack length: 0)
master returning ...
master returned!
Process Process-6:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.13/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/multiprocessing/process.py", line 258, in _bootstrap
self.run()
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.13/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/multiprocessing/process.py", line 114, in run
self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
File "mplifo.py", line 27, in worker_b
pprint('worker %d exiting ... (stack length: %d)' % (i, len(stack)))
File "<string>", line 2, in __len__
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.13/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/multiprocessing/managers.py", line 758, in _callmethod
conn.send((self._id, methodname, args, kwds))
IOError: [Errno 32] Broken pipe
- 为什么只出现在
worker_b
情况下,这个错误? - 为什么这个错误只发生在第二个
pprint()
呼叫worker_b
而不是第一个pprint()
呼叫?