复杂的SQL查询 - 查找与多个不同外键匹配的项目

Question

想象一下，您有一个表Products (ID int, Name nvarchar(200))，以及另外两个表，ProductsCategories (ProductID int, CategoryID int)和InvoiceProducts (InvoiceID int, ProductID int)。

我需要编写一个查询来生成一组匹配给定的发票ID和类别ID的产品，以使产品列表匹配所有指定的类别和所有指定的发票，而不会退回到动态SQL 。想象一下，我需要找到类别1和2以及发票3和4中的产品列表。

作为开始，我写了一个存储过程，它接受类别ID和发票ID作为字符串，并将它们解析成表格：

CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.SearchProducts (@categories varchar(max), @invoices varchar(max)) 
AS BEGIN 
     with catids as (select cast([value] as int) from dbo.split(@categories, ' ')), 
      invoiceids as (select cast([value] as int) from dbo.split(@invoices, ' ')) 
      select * from products --- insert awesomeness here 
END 

我提出的不同解决方案看起来很糟糕，而且性能更差。我发现的最好的东西是生成一个由所有标准的左连接组成的视图，但这看起来非常昂贵并且不能解决匹配指定的所有不同键的问题。

---

更新：这是一个例子查询我写的是产生预期的结果。我是否错过了任何优化机会？像忍者神奇的独角兽矩阵操作？

with catids as (select distinct cast([value] as int) [value] from dbo.split(@categories, ' ')), 
    invoiceids as (select distinct cast([value] as int) [value] from dbo.split(@invoices, ' ')) 

    select pc.ProductID from ProductsCategories pc (nolock) 
    inner join catids c on c.value = pc.CategoryID 
    group by pc.ProductID 
    having COUNT(*) = (select COUNT(*) from catids) 
    intersect 
    select ip.ProductID from InvoiceProducts ip (nolock) 
    inner join invoiceids i on i.value = ip.InvoiceID 
    group by ip.ProductID 
    having COUNT(*) = (select COUNT(*) from invoiceids) 

Answer 1

前提是你必须在两个(ProductID, CategoryID)和(ProductID, InvoiceID)唯一索引：

SELECT ProductID 
FROM (
     SELECT ProductID 
     FROM ProductInvoice 
     WHERE InvoiceID IN (1, 2) 
     UNION ALL 
     SELECT ProductID 
     FROM ProductCategory pc 
     WHERE CategoryID IN (3, 4) 
     ) q 
GROUP BY 
     ProductID 
HAVING COUNT(*) = 4 

，或者，如果你的价值观在CSV字符串传递：

WITH catids(value) AS 
     (
     SELECT DISTINCT CAST([value] AS INT) 
     FROM dbo.split(@categories, ' ')) 
     ), 
     (
     SELECT DISTINCT CAST([value] AS INT) 
     FROM dbo.split(@invoices, ' ')) 
     ) 
SELECT ProductID 
FROM (
     SELECT ProductID 
     FROM ProductInvoice 
     WHERE InvoiceID IN 
       (
       SELECT value 
       FROM invoiceids 
       ) 
     UNION ALL 
     SELECT ProductID 
     FROM ProductCategory pc 
     WHERE CategoryID IN 
       (
       SELECT value 
       FROM catids 
       ) 
     ) q 
GROUP BY 
     ProductID 
HAVING COUNT(*) = 
     (
     SELECT COUNT(*) 
     FROM catids 
     ) + 
     (
     SELECT COUNT(*) 
     FROM invoiceids 
     ) 

请注意，在SQL Server 2008可以将表值参数传递给存储过程。

Answer 2

将它们作为XML参数传递，将它们存储到临时表并加入。

Answer 3

我会从这样的事情开始，利用参数中的表格ID值。临时表可以帮助子查询速度。

select p.* 
from 
(
    select pc.* 
    from catids c 
    inner join ProductsCategories pc 
     on pc.CategoryID = c.value 
) catMatch 
inner join 
(
    select pin.* 
    from invoiceids i 
    inner join ProductsInvoices pin 
     on pin.InvoiceID = i.value 
) invMatch 
    on invMatch.ProductID = catMatch.ProductID 
inner join Products p 
    on p.ID = invMatch.ProductID 

Answer 4

递归CTE如何？

首先，如果您将添加行号的标准表，那么一些伪SQL：

;WITH cte AS(
Base case: Select productid, criteria from products left join criteria where row_number = 1 if it matches criteria from both row 1s or one is null. 
UNION ALL 
Recursive case: Select n+1 criteria row from products left join criteria where row_number = cte.row_number + 1 AND matches criteria from both row_number + 1 or one or the other (but not both) is null 
) 
SELECT * 
WHERE criteria = maximum id from criteria table. 

这会给你表演上多标准和办法，并应表现良好。

这是否有任何意义呢？最近我用CTE做了一些非常酷的快速内容，并且可以在必要时进行阐述。

删除cte代码，因为它是错误的，并不真正值得去解决那里有更好的解决方案。

Answer 5

ProductCategories应该在（CategoryId，ProductId）上有一个聚集索引，而InvoiceProducts应该有一个（InvoiceId，ProductId）最佳。这将允许通过仅使用聚集索引中的数据来查找给定CategoryId和InvoiceId的产品ID。

您可以使用函数返回给定字符串的整数表。 Google“CsvToInt”并点击SqlTeam的第一个链接查看代码。

，那么你可以：

SELECT * 
FROM Products 
WHERE ID IN (SELECT DISTINCT ProductId 
     FROM ProductCategories 
     WHERE CategoryId in dbo.CsvToInt(@categories) 
    ) AND ID IN (SELECT DISTINCT ProductId 
     FROM InvoiceProducts 
     WHERE InvoiceId in dbo.CsvToInt(@invoices) 
    )