简单的数据透视表与月和文本数据动态SQL

Question

如何在动态SQL创建一个简单的数据透视表数据如下：

ID Month AssignmentMonth Designation 
1 5   May   Joe Blow 
2 5   May   Available 
3 5   May   Available 
4 5   May   Available 
5 6   June  Carry over 
6 6   June  Christopher Freeberg 
7 6   June  Ringo Starr 
8 6   June  Robert L Testcustomer 
9 7   July  Carry over 
10 7   July  Carry over 
11 7   July  Carry over 
12 7   July  Carry over 
13 8   August  Available 
14 8   August  Carry over 
15 8   August  Carry over 
16 8   August  Carry over 

所以当它完成它看起来像下面的例子：

May    June     July     August 

Joe Blow   Carry Over   Carry over   Available 
Available  Christopher Freeburg Carry over   Carry over 
Available  Ringo Starr   Carry over   Carry over 
Available  Robert L Testcustomer Carry over   Carry over 

这是我的尝试，但它确实产生了正确的结果。它只返回一行。

August  July  June     May 
    Carry over Carry over Robert L Testcustomer Joe Blow 

    DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX), 
    @query AS NVARCHAR(MAX) 

    select @cols = STUFF((SELECT distinct ',' + QUOTENAME(AssignmentMonth) 
       from @CardAssigns 
     FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE 
     ).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)') 
    ,1,1,'') 
SET @query = 'WITH PivotData AS 
(
SELECT Designation, AssignmentMonth  
FROM #Temp1 
) 
SELECT '+ @cols +' 
FROM PivotData 
PIVOT 
(
MAX(Designation) 
FOR AssignmentMonth 
IN ('+ @cols +') 
) as PIVOTResult' 

EXECUTE(@query) 

Answer 1

下面的示例使用动态查询和ROW_NUMBER按照您所描述的排列值。

CREATE TABLE #Data (
    ID INT, 
    Month INT, 
    AssignmentMonth VARCHAR(50), 
    Designation VARCHAR(50) 

) 
INSERT #Data VALUES 
(1,5,'May','Joe Blow'), 
(2,5,'May','Available'), 
(3,5,'May','Available'), 
(4,5,'May','Available'), 
(5,6,'June','Carry over'), 
(6,6,'June','Christopher Freeberg'), 
(7,6,'June','Ringo Starr'), 
(8,6,'June','Robert L Testcustomer'), 
(9,7,'July','Carry over'), 
(10,7,'July','Carry over'), 
(11,7,'July','Carry over'), 
(12,7,'July','Carry over'), 
(13,8,'August','Available'), 
(14,8,'August','Carry over'), 
(15,8,'August','Carry over'), 
(16,8,'August','Carry over') 

DECLARE @ColumnList VARCHAR(MAX) = 
    SUBSTRING((
     SELECT 
      ',[' + AssignmentMonth + ']' AS [text()] 
     FROM #Data 
     GROUP BY AssignmentMonth 
     ORDER BY MIN(ID) 
     FOR XML PATH('') 
    ), 2, 4000) 
DECLARE @ColumnAggs VARCHAR(MAX) = 
    SUBSTRING((
     SELECT 
      ',MAX([' + AssignmentMonth + ']) AS [' + AssignmentMonth + ']' AS [text()] 
     FROM #Data 
     GROUP BY AssignmentMonth 
     ORDER BY MIN(ID) 
     FOR XML PATH('') 
    ), 2, 4000) 

DECLARE @Sql VARCHAR(MAX) = 
    'SELECT ' + @ColumnAggs + ' FROM (' 
    + 'SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY Month ORDER BY ID) AS RowId, ' + @ColumnList 
    + 'FROM #Data D PIVOT (MAX(Designation) FOR AssignmentMonth IN (' + @ColumnList + ')) P' 
    + ') T GROUP BY RowId' 
    PRINT @Sql 
EXEC (@Sql) 

输出

May       June       July       August 
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ 
Joe Blow      Carry over      Carry over      Available 
Available      Christopher Freeberg   Carry over      Carry over 
Available      Ringo Starr     Carry over      Carry over 
Available      Robert L Testcustomer   Carry over      Carry over 

Answer 2

与您查询的问题，是枢轴查询没有通过有组列。 pivot表运算符自动GROUP BY列中没有列出的部分MAX(Designation) FOR AssignmentMonth IN ...来自锚查询，因此在您的查询中，只有来自锚查询Designation和AssignmentMonth的两列，因此您的查询不会有任何额外的列分组，以便它给你只有一行的MAX(Designation)。但是，您可以通过添加多个列来进行分组，并且由于您既不能通过ID也不能通过Month进行分组，所以您可以添加行号列，它会为您提供所需的结果，如下所示：

SET @query = 'WITH PivotData AS 
(
    SELECT 
    Designation, 
    AssignmentMonth, 
    ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY AssignmentMonth ORDER BY ID) AS RN 
    FROM CardAssigns 
) 
SELECT '+ @cols +' 
FROM PivotData 
PIVOT 
(
    MAX(Designation) 
    FOR AssignmentMonth 
    IN ('+ @cols +') 
) as PIVOTResult'; 

EXECUTE(@query); 

• SQL Fiddle Demo

这会给你：

|  August |  July |     June |  May | 
|------------|------------|-----------------------|-----------| 
| Available | Carry over |   Carry over | Joe Blow | 
| Carry over | Carry over | Christopher Freeberg | Available | 
| Carry over | Carry over |   Ringo Starr | Available | 
| Carry over | Carry over | Robert L Testcustomer | Available |