如何在这种情况下解决java.util.zip.ZipException？

Question

我试图生成一个签名的.APK，但我正在通过一个问题。我已经看到了有关此错误的多个类似问题。我觉得这是这个错误的具体情况：

Error:Execution failed for task ':app:transformClassesWithJarMergingForProdRelease'. 
> com.android.build.api.transform.TransformException: java.util.zip.ZipException: duplicate entry: com/google/android/gms/common/api/zzd.class 

这是我的build.gradle：

buildscript { 
    repositories { 
     maven { url 'https://maven.fabric.io/public' } 
    } 

    dependencies { 
     classpath 'io.fabric.tools:gradle:1.+' 
    } 
} 
apply plugin: 'com.android.application' 
apply plugin: 'io.fabric' 

repositories { 
    jcenter() 
    mavenCentral() 
    maven { url 'https://maven.fabric.io/public' } 
    maven { url "http://pyze.bintray.com/pyze-android" } 
    maven { url "https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots/" } 
    maven { url 'https://jitpack.io' } 
} 

android { 
    compileSdkVersion 25 
    buildToolsVersion "25.0.2" 
    defaultConfig { 
     applicationId "myapp" 
     minSdkVersion 16 
     targetSdkVersion 25 
     versionCode 1 
     versionName "1.0" 
     testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner" 
     vectorDrawables.useSupportLibrary = true 
     multiDexEnabled = true 
    } 

    dexOptions { 
     javaMaxHeapSize "4g" 
    } 

    lintOptions { 
     checkReleaseBuilds false 
     abortOnError false 
    } 

    buildTypes { 
     release { 
      minifyEnabled false 
      proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro' 
     } 
    } 
} 

dependencies { 
    compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs') 
    compile 'com.android.support:multidex:1.0.1' 
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.3.1' 
    compile ('com.android.support:design:25.3.1') 

    compile('com.jakewharton:butterknife:8.5.1') 
    compile('com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor:3.3.0') 
    compile('com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.1.0') 
    compile('com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.1.0') 
    compile('com.squareup.okhttp:okhttp:2.2.0') 
    compile('com.squareup.okhttp:okhttp-urlconnection:2.2.0') 
    compile('com.squareup.picasso:picasso:2.4.0') 
    compile('net.danlew:android.joda:2.9.4.2') 
    compile('com.michaelpardo:activeandroid:3.1.0-SNAPSHOT') 
    compile('com.github.jkwiecien:EasyImage:2.0.2') 
    compile('com.journeyapps:zxing-android-embedded:3.5.0') 
    compile('com.pyze:PyzeLibrary:2.12.0') 

    compile 'io.intercom.android:intercom-sdk-base:3.2.0' 
    compile 'io.intercom.android:intercom-sdk-fcm:3.2.0' 
    compile('com.facebook.android:facebook-android-sdk:4.22.0') 
    compile('com.digits.sdk.android:digits:2.0.6@aar') { 
     transitive = true; 
    } 
    compile('com.twitter.sdk.android:twitter:2.3.2@aar') { 
     transitive = true; 
    } 
    compile('com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.6.7@aar') { 
     transitive = true; 
    } 
    compile('com.twitter.sdk.android:tweet-composer:2.3.1@aar') { 
     transitive = true; 
    } 

    androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', { 
     exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations' 
    }) 
    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12' 
    annotationProcessor('com.jakewharton:butterknife-compiler:8.5.1') 
} 

apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services' 

我试图弄清楚什么是使用此代码来分析问题的问题：

./gradlew clean app:dependencies 

结果是：

compile - Classpath for compiling the main sources. 
+--- com.android.support:multidex:1.0.1 
+--- com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.3.1 
| +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:25.3.1 
| +--- com.android.support:support-v4:25.3.1 
| | +--- com.android.support:support-compat:25.3.1 
| | | \--- com.android.support:support-annotations:25.3.1 
| | +--- com.android.support:support-media-compat:25.3.1 
| | | +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:25.3.1 
| | | \--- com.android.support:support-compat:25.3.1 (*) 
| | +--- com.android.support:support-core-utils:25.3.1 
| | | +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:25.3.1 
| | | \--- com.android.support:support-compat:25.3.1 (*) 
| | +--- com.android.support:support-core-ui:25.3.1 
| | | +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:25.3.1 
| | | \--- com.android.support:support-compat:25.3.1 (*) 
| | \--- com.android.support:support-fragment:25.3.1 
| |   +--- com.android.support:support-compat:25.3.1 (*) 
| |   +--- com.android.support:support-media-compat:25.3.1 (*) 
| |   +--- com.android.support:support-core-ui:25.3.1 (*) 
| |   \--- com.android.support:support-core-utils:25.3.1 (*) 
| +--- com.android.support:support-vector-drawable:25.3.1 
| | +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:25.3.1 
| | \--- com.android.support:support-compat:25.3.1 (*) 
| \--- com.android.support:animated-vector-drawable:25.3.1 
|   \--- com.android.support:support-vector-drawable:25.3.1 (*) 
+--- com.android.support:design:25.3.1 
| +--- com.android.support:support-v4:25.3.1 (*) 
| +--- com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.3.1 (*) 
| +--- com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:25.3.1 
| | +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:25.3.1 
| | +--- com.android.support:support-compat:25.3.1 (*) 
| | \--- com.android.support:support-core-ui:25.3.1 (*) 
| \--- com.android.support:transition:25.3.1 
|   +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:25.3.1 
|   \--- com.android.support:support-v4:25.3.1 (*) 
+--- com.jakewharton:butterknife:8.5.1 
| +--- com.jakewharton:butterknife-annotations:8.5.1 
| | \--- com.android.support:support-annotations:25.1.0 -> 25.3.1 
| +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:25.1.0 -> 25.3.1 
| \--- com.android.support:support-compat:25.1.0 -> 25.3.1 (*) 
+--- com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor:3.3.0 
| \--- com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.3.0 
|   \--- com.squareup.okio:okio:1.8.0 
+--- com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.1.0 
| \--- com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.3.0 (*) 
+--- com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.1.0 
| +--- com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.1.0 (*) 
| \--- com.google.code.gson:gson:2.7 
+--- com.squareup.okhttp:okhttp:2.2.0 
| \--- com.squareup.okio:okio:1.2.0 -> 1.8.0 
+--- com.squareup.okhttp:okhttp-urlconnection:2.2.0 
| \--- com.squareup.okhttp:okhttp:2.2.0 (*) 
+--- com.squareup.picasso:picasso:2.4.0 -> 2.5.2 
+--- net.danlew:android.joda:2.9.4.2 
| \--- joda-time:joda-time:2.9.4 
+--- com.michaelpardo:activeandroid:3.1.0-SNAPSHOT 
+--- com.github.jkwiecien:EasyImage:2.0.2 
| +--- com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.0.0 -> 25.3.1 (*) 
| \--- com.jakewharton.timber:timber:4.4.0 
+--- com.journeyapps:zxing-android-embedded:3.5.0 
| +--- com.google.zxing:core:3.3.0 
| \--- com.android.support:support-v4:25.1.0 -> 25.3.1 (*) 
+--- com.pyze:PyzeLibrary:2.12.0 
| +--- com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.1.1 -> 25.3.1 (*) 
| +--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-gcm:9.6.1 
| | +--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-base:9.6.1 
| | | +--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-basement:9.6.1 -> 10.2.1 
| | | | \--- com.android.support:support-v4:24.0.0 -> 25.3.1 (*) 
| | | \--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-tasks:9.6.1 -> 10.2.1 
| | |   \--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-basement:10.2.1 (*) 
| | +--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-basement:9.6.1 -> 10.2.1 (*) 
| | \--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-iid:9.6.1 
| |   +--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-base:9.6.1 (*) 
| |   \--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-basement:9.6.1 -> 10.2.1 (*) 
| +--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-ads:9.6.1 
| | +--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-ads-lite:9.6.1 
| | | \--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-basement:9.6.1 -> 10.2.1 (*) 
| | +--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-base:9.6.1 (*) 
| | +--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-clearcut:9.6.1 
| | | +--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-base:9.6.1 (*) 
| | | \--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-basement:9.6.1 -> 10.2.1 (*) 
| | +--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-basement:9.6.1 -> 10.2.1 (*) 
| | \--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-gass:9.6.1 
| |   \--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-basement:9.6.1 -> 10.2.1 (*) 
| +--- com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:9.6.1 -> 10.2.1 
| | +--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-basement:10.2.1 (*) 
| | +--- com.google.firebase:firebase-iid:10.2.1 
| | | +--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-basement:10.2.1 (*) 
| | | \--- com.google.firebase:firebase-common:10.2.1 
| | |   +--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-basement:10.2.1 (*) 
| | |   \--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-tasks:10.2.1 (*) 
| | \--- com.google.firebase:firebase-common:10.2.1 (*) 
| \--- com.android.support:support-v4:23.1.1 -> 25.3.1 (*) 
+--- io.intercom.android:intercom-sdk-base:3.2.0 
| +--- com.android.support:design:25.3.1 (*) 
| +--- com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.3.1 (*) 
| +--- com.android.support:animated-vector-drawable:25.3.1 (*) 
| +--- com.android.support:support-vector-drawable:25.3.1 (*) 
| +--- com.android.support:support-v4:25.3.1 (*) 
| +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:25.3.1 
| +--- com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:25.3.1 (*) 
| +--- com.intercom:android-composer:1.0.2 
| \--- com.intercom:android-composer-gallery:1.0.2 
|   \--- com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.1.1 -> 25.3.1 (*) 
+--- io.intercom.android:intercom-sdk-fcm:3.2.0 
| +--- io.intercom.android:intercom-sdk-base:3.2.0 (*) 
| \--- com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:10.2.1 (*) 
+--- com.facebook.android:facebook-android-sdk:4.22.0 
| +--- com.android.support:support-v4:25.0.0 -> 25.3.1 (*) 
| +--- com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.0.0 -> 25.3.1 (*) 
| +--- com.android.support:cardview-v7:25.0.0 
| | \--- com.android.support:support-annotations:25.0.0 -> 25.3.1 
| +--- com.android.support:customtabs:25.0.0 
| | +--- com.android.support:support-compat:25.0.0 -> 25.3.1 (*) 
| | \--- com.android.support:support-annotations:25.0.0 -> 25.3.1 
| \--- com.parse.bolts:bolts-android:1.4.0 
|   +--- com.parse.bolts:bolts-tasks:1.4.0 
|   \--- com.parse.bolts:bolts-applinks:1.4.0 
|    \--- com.parse.bolts:bolts-tasks:1.4.0 
+--- com.digits.sdk.android:digits:2.0.6 
| +--- com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit-mock:2.0.2 
| | \--- com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.0.2 -> 2.1.0 (*) 
| +--- com.twitter.sdk.android:twitter-core:2.3.0 -> 2.3.1 
| | +--- com.google.code.gson:gson:2.6.1 -> 2.7 
| | +--- com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.0.2 -> 2.1.0 (*) 
| | +--- com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.2.0 -> 3.3.0 (*) 
| | +--- io.fabric.sdk.android:fabric:1.3.+ -> 1.3.16 
| | \--- com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.0.2 -> 2.1.0 (*) 
| +--- io.fabric.sdk.android:fabric:1.3.16 
| \--- com.crashlytics.sdk.android:answers-shim:0.0.4 
+--- com.twitter.sdk.android:twitter:2.3.2 
| +--- com.twitter.sdk.android:tweet-composer:2.3.1 
| | +--- com.twitter:twitter-text:1.13.0 
| | +--- io.fabric.sdk.android:fabric:1.3.14 -> 1.3.16 
| | +--- com.twitter.sdk.android:twitter-core:2.3.0 -> 2.3.1 (*) 
| | \--- com.squareup.picasso:picasso:2.5.2 
| +--- com.twitter.sdk.android:twitter-core:2.3.1 (*) 
| \--- com.twitter.sdk.android:tweet-ui:2.3.2 
|   +--- com.android.support:support-v4:23.1.1 -> 25.3.1 (*) 
|   +--- com.twitter.sdk.android:twitter-core:2.3.1 (*) 
|   \--- com.squareup.picasso:picasso:2.5.2 
+--- com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.6.7 
| +--- com.crashlytics.sdk.android:beta:1.2.4 
| | \--- io.fabric.sdk.android:fabric:1.3.16 
| +--- io.fabric.sdk.android:fabric:1.3.16 
| +--- com.crashlytics.sdk.android:answers:1.3.12 
| | \--- io.fabric.sdk.android:fabric:1.3.16 
| \--- com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics-core:2.3.16 
|   +--- io.fabric.sdk.android:fabric:1.3.16 
|   \--- com.crashlytics.sdk.android:answers:1.3.12 (*) 
+--- com.twitter.sdk.android:tweet-composer:2.3.1 (*) 
\--- com.google.firebase:firebase-core:9.0.0 
    \--- com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:9.0.0 
      +--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-basement:9.0.0 -> 10.2.1 (*) 
      +--- com.google.firebase:firebase-common:9.0.0 -> 10.2.1 (*) 
      \--- com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-impl:9.0.0 
       +--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-base:9.0.0 -> 9.6.1 (*) 
       +--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-basement:9.0.0 -> 10.2.1 (*) 
       +--- com.google.firebase:firebase-iid:9.0.0 -> 10.2.1 (*) 
       \--- com.google.firebase:firebase-common:9.0.0 -> 10.2.1 (*) 

可能在这个问题上干涉另一个细节，我的IDE正显示出这样的信息：

All com.android.support libraries must use the exact same version specification (mixing versions can lead to runtime crashes). Found versions 25.3.1, 25.0.0. Examples include com.android.support:animated-vector-drawable:25.3.1 and com.android.support:cardview-v7:25.0.0

我相信其中的一些库彼此关于GMS版本冲突的，但不幸的是我无法弄清楚哪些库和如何解决问题。

预先感谢您

Answer 1

的问题是，你有使用支持库的不同版本。这些人都从中可以明确为您的项目版本不同几个依赖。您需要将所有这些标准化为单一版本。理想情况下，您想使用最新版本的支持库。

第一步是确保您使用的是所有依赖项的最新版本。如果幸运的话，这可能会立即解决问题。

如果仍然出现类似错误，则需要覆盖支持库版本。您可以通过两种方式执行此操作：

1. 手动从每个使用支持库的依赖项中排除传递依赖项。你应该有选择地做，而不是整个销售。例如

   compile 'com.jakewharton:butterknife:8.5.1', { 
       exclude group: 'com.android.support' 
   } 
   

2. 覆盖如this answer描述的支持Libarary版本。

如果您需要进一步的帮助，你应该谷歌，说：“所有com.android.support库必须使用相同的版本规范”的错误消息。这会给你比“java.util.zip.ZipException：重复条目：”更好的结果。