向量和字符串结构的向量不正确打印

Question

我是一个开始的C++学生，并且正在尝试编写一个程序，该程序会在文件中占用一个单词并对其进行索引，每次只列出一个单词并显示每次的行数那个词出现。我曾尝试使用地图，但我发现无法获取单词的行号。相反，我使用的结构向量具有整数向量和每个单词的字符串。我正在尝试读取每个单词，将其放入一个字符串流中，然后将其输出到结构体中的字符串中。然后我把行号和push_back到结构中的向量中。然后我将所有内容保存到结构的向量中，并尝试打印出与行号向量关联的每个单词。我无处可去，希望得到一些帮助。非常感谢！这里是我的源代码：

#include <iostream> 
#include <string> 
#include <fstream> 
#include <map> 
#include <sstream> 
#include <vector> 
using namespace std; 



struct words { 
vector<int> lineNumbers; 
string word; 

};

int main() { 
ifstream inFile, testStream; 
ofstream outFile; 
string temp, choice, inFileName, outFileName, word, trash, word2, tempString; 
int idx = 0, count = 0, idxTwo = 0; 
bool outputOpened = false; 
//map <string,int> wordList;  
/map <string,int>::iterator wordIt;  
stringstream myStream(ios_base::in| ios_base::out); 

vector<words> myIndex; 
words data; 



for (;;) { 
    cout << "Options: "<< endl << "1. Index" << endl << "2. Quit" << endl 
    << "Please enter an option: "; 
    getline(cin, temp); 
    //cin >> temp; 
    //cin.ignore(8192, '\n'); 
    choice.resize(temp.length()); 
    transform(temp.begin(), temp.end(), choice.begin(), ::toupper); 
    if (choice.compare("INDEX") == 0 || choice.compare("1") == 0) { 
     do { 
      inFileName.clear(); 
      cout << "Index Program" << endl 
      << "==============" << endl << endl; 
      cout << "Input file name: "; 
      getline(cin, inFileName); 
      inFile.open(inFileName.c_str()); 
      if(inFile.fail()) { 
       cout << "Can't open file" << endl; 
       if(inFile.bad()) { 
        cout << "Bad" << endl; 
       } 
       inFile.clear(); 
      } 
     } 
     while (!inFile.is_open()); 
     do { 
      cout << "Output file name: "; 
      getline(cin, outFileName); 
      testStream.clear(); 
      testStream.open(outFileName.c_str()); 
      if(testStream.good()) { 
       cout << "That file already exists, try again" <<   endl; 
       testStream.clear(); 
       testStream.close(); 
      } 
      else { 
       testStream.clear(); 
       testStream.close(); 
       outFile.open(outFileName.c_str()); 
       if (outFile.good()) { 
        outputOpened = true; 
       } 
      } 
     } 
     while (!outputOpened); 

     while (getline(inFile, trash)){ 

      count++; 
      myStream << trash; 
      //myStream >> tempString; 

      while(myStream >> data.word) { 

       data.lineNumbers.push_back(count); 
       myIndex.push_back(data); 
      } 
     } 
     for (idx = 0; idx < myIndex.size(); idx++) { 
      outFile << "Word: "<< " "<< myIndex[idx].word << ", "; 
      for (idxTwo = 0; idxTwo < myIndex[idx].lineNumbers.size(); idxTwo++) { 
       outFile << "Found on lines " << " " << myIndex[idx].lineNumbers[idxTwo]; 
      } 
     } 
     inFile.close(); 
     outFile.close(); 
    } 
    else if (choice.compare("QUIT") == 0 || choice.compare("2") == 0) { 
     return 0; 
    } 
    else { 
     cout << temp << " is an unrecognized option, please try again" << endl; 
    } 
} 
return 0; 

} 

Answer 1

为了您的这部分程序：

while (getline(inFile, trash)){ 
     count++; 
     myStream << trash; 
     //myStream >> tempString; 
     while(myStream >> data.word) { 
      // 2. 
      // data.lineNumbers.clear(); 
      data.lineNumbers.push_back(count); 
      myIndex.push_back(data); 
     } 
     // 1. add: 
     // myStream.clear(); 
    } 

1. 您使用的是全球myStream。但是这个myStream的状态在处理完每行之后将处于不良状态，因为数据用完了。国家将被清除，以便它再次工作。

2. data也是全局的，它使得每个单词的行号保存在data.lineNumber中，不仅是当前单词的行号。您可能需要在每次运行时清除它。

Answer 2

你的问题似乎是你总是在vector<words>附加每个单词。你可能想要的是map<string, vector<int>>。使用.insert将单词插入到集合中，如果它已经存在，则只需将当前行号附加到该值。

Answer 3

这里有一些问题：

的while(myStream >> data.word)循环之后添加myStream.clear();。

添加“\ n”来下面一行的末尾打印一个新行：

outFile << "Found on lines " << " " << myIndex[idx].lineNumbers[idxTwo]<<"\n"; 

此外，下面的嵌套循环不会给你正确的结果。它将与行号一起增长并继续打印“在线找到”：

for (idx = 0; idx < myIndex.size(); idx++) { 
outFile << "Word: "<< " "<< myIndex[idx].word << ", "; 
    for (idxTwo = 0; idxTwo < myIndex[idx].lineNumbers.size(); idxTwo++) { 
    outFile << "Found on lines " << " " << myIndex[idx].lineNumbers[idxTwo]<<"\n"; 
    }