2017-09-25 89 views
3

我想从python中的tiger.geocode函数中使用sqlalchemy提取组合列。
纯SQL形式,这看起来像这样:在postgres中使用sqlalchemy访问复合数据类型

SELECT 
    g.rating 
    ,ST_X(g.geomout) As lon 
    ,ST_Y(g.geomout) As lat 
    ,(addy).address As stno 
    ,(addy).streetname As street 
    ,(addy).streettypeabbrev As styp 
    ,(addy).location As city 
    ,(addy).stateabbrev As st 
    ,(addy).zip 
FROM geocode(pagc_normalize_address('1 Capitol Square Columbus OH 43215')) As g 
; 

这将产生以下输出:

# rating lon lat stno street styp city st zip 
1 17 -82.99782603089086 39.96172588526335 1 Capital St Columbus OH 43215 

我面对的问题是如何引用组合柱查询从SQLAlchemy的对象时(评分,lon,lat,stno,street,styp,city,st,zip)?

请和谢谢。

+2

你有没有看着['sqlalchemy_utils.types.pg_composite'(HTTP: //sqlalchemy-utils.readthedocs.io/en/latest/data_types.html#module-sqlalchemy_utils.types.pg_composite)? – univerio

+0

我可以看到,如果我的复合类型是一个静态表上的列的情况下,将如何工作,但在我的情况下,它是一个函数返回的复合类型。在我的设置中,我们没有为任何函数(仅限于表格)定义sqlalchemy类。对这部分问题有什么想法? – BrianEdwardHoover

回答

3

SQLAlchemy不支持直接设置返回函数,但其​​FunctionElement s被认为是FromClause s,这意味着您已经可以将它们视为表;我们只需要添加从函数中选择特定列的功能。幸运的是,这是简单的(虽然不是很明显):从GenericFunction

from sqlalchemy.sql.base import ColumnCollection 
from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import column 
from sqlalchemy.sql.functions import FunctionElement 

NormAddy = CompositeType(
    "norm_addy", 
    [ 
     Column("address", Integer), 
     Column("predirAbbrev", String), 
     Column("streetName", String), 
     Column("streetTypeAbbrev", String), 
     Column("postdirAbbrev", String), 
     Column("internal", String), 
     Column("location", String), 
     Column("stateAbbrev", String), 
     Column("zip", String), 
     Column("parsed", Boolean), 
    ], 
) 

class geocode(GenericFunction): 
    columns = ColumnCollection(
     Column("rating", Integer), 
     column("geomout"), # lowercase column because we don't have the `geometry` type 
     Column("addy", NormAddy), 
    ) 

子类在全球拥有注册geocode功能,以便为预期func.geocode将工作的额外好处。

g = func.geocode(func.pagc_normalize_address("1 Capitol Square Columbus OH 43215")).alias("g") 
query = session.query(
    g.c.rating, 
    func.ST_X(g.c.geomout).label("lon"), 
    func.ST_Y(g.c.geomout).label("lat"), 
    g.c.addy.address.label("stno"), 
    g.c.addy.streetName.label("street"), 
    g.c.addy.streetTypeAbbrev.label("styp"), 
    g.c.addy.location.label("city"), 
    g.c.addy.stateAbbrev.label("st"), 
    g.c.addy.zip, 
).select_from(g) 

不幸的是,这并不奏效。似乎有一个错误,使得g.c.addy.address语法不适用于最新版本的SQLAlchemy。我们可以修复它真正的快速(虽然这应该真正固定在sqlalchemy_utils):

from sqlalchemy_utils.types.pg_composite import CompositeElement 
import sqlalchemy_utils 

class CompositeType(sqlalchemy_utils.CompositeType): 
    class comparator_factory(_CompositeType.comparator_factory): 
     def __getattr__(self, key): 
      try: 
       type_ = self.type.typemap[key] 
      except KeyError: 
       raise AttributeError(key) 
      return CompositeElement(self.expr, key, type_) 

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): 
     super().__init__(*args, **kwargs) 
     self.typemap = {c.name: c.type for c in self.columns} 

现在,它的工作原理:

print(query.statement.compile(engine)) 
# SELECT g.rating, ST_X(g.geomout) AS lon, ST_Y(g.geomout) AS lat, (g.addy).address AS stno, (g.addy).streetName AS street, (g.addy).streetTypeAbbrev AS styp, (g.addy).location AS city, (g.addy).stateAbbrev AS st, (g.addy).zip AS zip_1 
# FROM geocode(pagc_normalize_address(%(pagc_normalize_address_1)s)) AS g