未找到Ruby gems，但已安装

当我尝试加载Rails控制台（或加载运行Apache/Passenger的网站）时，出现无法加载已安装的gem的错误：未找到Ruby gems，但已安装

 
> script/console 
Loading development environment (Rails 2.3.8) 
no such file to load -- authlogic 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `gem_original_require' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:521:in `new_constants_in' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/rails/gem_dependency.rb:215:in `load' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `load_gems' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `each' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `load_gems' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:164:in `process' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `send' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `run' 
/home/nblade/vipreblade/src/console/config/environment.rb:11 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:254:in `require' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:254:in `load_modules' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:252:in `each' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:252:in `load_modules' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:21:in `setup' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb.rb:54:in `start' 
/usr/bin/irb:13 
no such file to load -- machinist 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `gem_original_require' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:521:in `new_constants_in' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/rails/gem_dependency.rb:215:in `load' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `load_gems' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `each' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `load_gems' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:164:in `process' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `send' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `run' 
/home/nblade/vipreblade/src/console/config/environment.rb:11 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:254:in `require' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:254:in `load_modules' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:252:in `each' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:252:in `load_modules' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:21:in `setup' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb.rb:54:in `start' 
/usr/bin/irb:13 
no such file to load -- authlogic 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `gem_original_require' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:521:in `new_constants_in' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/rails/gem_dependency.rb:215:in `load' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `load_gems' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `each' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `load_gems' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:169:in `process' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `send' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `run' 
/home/nblade/vipreblade/src/console/config/environment.rb:11 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:254:in `require' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:254:in `load_modules' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:252:in `each' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:252:in `load_modules' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:21:in `setup' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb.rb:54:in `start' 
/usr/bin/irb:13 
no such file to load -- machinist 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `gem_original_require' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:521:in `new_constants_in' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/rails/gem_dependency.rb:215:in `load' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `load_gems' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `each' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:307:in `load_gems' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:169:in `process' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `send' 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `run' 
/home/nblade/vipreblade/src/console/config/environment.rb:11 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:254:in `require' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:254:in `load_modules' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:252:in `each' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:252:in `load_modules' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb/init.rb:21:in `setup' 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/irb.rb:54:in `start' 
/usr/bin/irb:13 
Missing these required gems: 
    authlogic 
    machinist 

You're running: 
    ruby 1.8.7.249 at /usr/bin/ruby1.8 
    rubygems 1.3.5 at /var/lib/gems/1.8 

Run `rake gems:install` to install the missing gems.

所以，我也跟着安装宝石的说明如下：

 
> sudo rake gems:install --trace 
(in /home/nblade/vipreblade/src/console) 
DEPRECATION WARNING: Rake tasks in vendor/plugins/delayed_job/tasks, vendor/plugins/easy-fckeditor/tasks, vendor/plugins/jrails/tasks, and vendor/plugins/restful_authentication/tasks are deprecated. Use lib/tasks instead. (called from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/tasks/rails.rb:10) 
** Invoke gems:install (first_time) 
** Invoke gems:base (first_time) 
** Execute gems:base 
** Invoke environment (first_time) 
** Execute environment 
** Execute gems:install

它没有安装任何东西，所以我检查我的好措施宝石环境：

 
> gem env 
RubyGems Environment: 
    - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 1.3.5 
    - RUBY VERSION: 1.8.7 (2010-01-10 patchlevel 249) [i486-linux] 
    - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /var/lib/gems/1.8 
    - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /usr/bin/ruby1.8 
    - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /var/lib/gems/1.8/bin 
    - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS: 
    - ruby 
    - x86-linux 
    - GEM PATHS: 
    - /var/lib/gems/1.8 
    - GEM CONFIGURATION: 
    - :update_sources => true 
    - :verbose => true 
    - :benchmark => false 
    - :backtrace => false 
    - :bulk_threshold => 1000 
    - "gem" => "--no-ri --no-rdoc" 
    - :sources => ["http://gemcutter.org", "http://gems.github.com"] 
    - REMOTE SOURCES: 
    - http://gemcutter.org 
    - http://gems.github.com 

> which gem 
/usr/bin/gem 

> ls -al /usr/bin/gem 
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 2010-07-14 11:29 /usr/bin/gem -> /etc/alternatives/gem 

> ls -al /etc/alternatives/gem 
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 2010-07-14 11:29 /etc/alternatives/gem -> /usr/bin/gem1.8 

> ls -al /usr/bin/gem1.8 
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 545 2009-10-09 17:51 /usr/bin/gem1.8 

> echo $PATH 
/var/lib/gems/1.8/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games 

> echo $GEM_PATH 
/var/lib/gems/1.8: 

> which ruby 
/usr/bin/ruby 

> ls -al /usr/bin/ruby 
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 2010-07-13 19:54 /usr/bin/ruby -> ruby1.8 

> ls -al /usr/bin/ruby1.8 
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5488 2010-03-19 10:53 /usr/bin/ruby1.8 

> /usr/bin/ruby -v 
ruby 1.8.7 (2010-01-10 patchlevel 249) [i486-linux]

我也验证了宝石安装：

 
> ls -al /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems | grep authlogic 
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 2010-08-03 12:14 authlogic-2.1.5 

> ls -al /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems | grep machinist 
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 2010-08-03 12:14 machinist-1.0.6

所以，很显然，我做错了什么，但我不知道要检查什么。有什么建议么？

谢谢。

来源

2010-08-03 Chip Castle

您是否可能安装了多个版本的Ruby？ – Karl 2010-08-03 21:06:19

这就是我认为的，所以我仔细检查了： >其中红宝石在/ usr/bin中/红宝石 > LS -al在/ usr/bin中/红宝石 lrwxrwxrwx 1根根7 2010-07-13 19:54/usr/bin/ruby - > ruby1.0 > ls -al /usr/bin/ruby1.8 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5488 2010-03-19 10:53/usr/bin/ruby1。 8 – 2010-08-03 21:17:11

谢谢！在我的情况下，gem更新之后突然gem env显示'安装目录：/ usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1'，它从/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/更改或突然失踪。通过软链接进行修补。 'gem1.9.1 list'是空的，我所有的脚本都失败了，在我安装了100之前。 – Marcos 2012-03-20 14:46:33

找到它。我忘记了我之前解开了宝石，所以我查看了我的rails项目的供应商/宝石，当然，authlogic和机械师宝石目录都没有任何代码（尽管目录确实存在并包含了一个。规格文件）。因此，要解决这个问题我这样做：

rake gems:unpack:dependencies 
rake gems:build

为了验证我做了什么：

rake gems

现在script/console和Apache /乘客做工精细！

来源

2010-08-03 22:04:43

不要忘记接受你自己的回答 – bjg 2010-08-03 22:19:57

我试图接受它，但它告诉我我必须等几天。谢谢你的提高，寿。 – 2010-08-04 01:36:49

确实“gem list | grep machinist”列出了什么？你可以尝试运行“宝石卸载机械师”，然后“宝石安装机械师”

来源

2010-08-03 21:04:19

是的，宝石列表显示了两个缺失的宝石。我试图卸载/重新安装，但没有帮助。重新安装后，这里是我有： > gem list | grep machinist 机械师（1.0.6） >宝石列表| grep authlogic authlogic（2.1.5） – 2010-08-03 21:14:55

未找到Ruby gems，但已安装

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