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编辑：对于可能对此问题感兴趣的人，我提供了与问题相关的解决方案问题的结尾。使用Spring数据JPA，Hibernate和多事务管理器：没有定义名为'transactionManager'的bean
我正在为Web应用程序配置一个模块，其中我使用了Spring 3.2，Hibernate 4.1，Spring Data JPA 1.3和Apache CXF 2.5（特别是JAX-RS模块）。我有以下的配置（这是工作完全正常，具体是为了简洁起见，省略）：
@Bean(name = "entityManagerFactory")
public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean getEntityManagerFactory() throws SQLException{
LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean factory = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
//...
return factory;
}
@Bean(name = "transactionManager")
public JpaTransactionManager getTransactionManager() throws SQLException{
JpaTransactionManager manager = new JpaTransactionManager();
//...
return manager;
}
@Bean(name = "persistenceExceptionTranslator")
public PersistenceExceptionTranslator getPersistenceExceptionTranslator(){
return new HibernateExceptionTranslator();
}
我的问题是，我不得不依靠它自己定义PlatformTransactionManager一些外部模块，所以我发现自己与更多的交易经理同时工作。这个问题很容易通过Transactional.html#value()来解决，所以无论我需要使用@Transactional，我使用我必须用于该事务的事务管理器的名称来限定注释。
我想将我在模块中定义的事务管理器的名称更改为更有意义的内容，以符合外部模块的标准。因此，例如，externalModule1其经理定义为externalModule1TransactionManager，我想有
@Bean(name = "myModuleransactionManager")
public JpaTransactionManager getTransactionManager() throws SQLException{
JpaTransactionManager manager = new JpaTransactionManager();
//...
return manager;
}
这似乎是很容易的，不幸的是，当我做到这一点的变化（我改变@Transactional#value()使用相应我得到一个异常。
java.lang.RuntimeException: org.apache.cxf.interceptor.Fault: No bean named 'transactionManager' is defined
at org.apache.cxf.interceptor.AbstractFaultChainInitiatorObserver.onMessage(AbstractFaultChainInitiatorObserver.java:110)
at org.apache.cxf.phase.PhaseInterceptorChain.doIntercept(PhaseInterceptorChain.java:323)
at org.apache.cxf.transport.ChainInitiationObserver.onMessage(ChainInitiationObserver.java:123)
at org.apache.cxf.transport.http.AbstractHTTPDestination.invoke(AbstractHTTPDestination.java:207)
at org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.ServletController.invokeDestination(ServletController.java:213)
at org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.ServletController.invoke(ServletController.java:154)
at org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFNonSpringServlet.invoke(CXFNonSpringServlet.java:126)
at org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.AbstractHTTPServlet.handleRequest(AbstractHTTPServlet.java:185)
at org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.AbstractHTTPServlet.doGet(AbstractHTTPServlet.java:113)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:621)
at org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.AbstractHTTPServlet.service(AbstractHTTPServlet.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:305)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:222)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:123)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:472)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:171)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:99)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:936)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:407)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1004)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:589)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:312)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:895)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:918)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
Caused by: org.apache.cxf.interceptor.Fault: No bean named 'transactionManager' is defined
at org.apache.cxf.service.invoker.AbstractInvoker.createFault(AbstractInvoker.java:155)
at org.apache.cxf.service.invoker.AbstractInvoker.invoke(AbstractInvoker.java:121)
at org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.JAXRSInvoker.invoke(JAXRSInvoker.java:167)
at org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.JAXRSInvoker.invoke(JAXRSInvoker.java:94)
at org.apache.cxf.interceptor.ServiceInvokerInterceptor$1.run(ServiceInvokerInterceptor.java:58)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:439)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:303)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:138)
at org.apache.cxf.workqueue.SynchronousExecutor.execute(SynchronousExecutor.java:37)
at org.apache.cxf.interceptor.ServiceInvokerInterceptor.handleMessage(ServiceInvokerInterceptor.java:106)
at org.apache.cxf.phase.PhaseInterceptorChain.doIntercept(PhaseInterceptorChain.java:263)
... 25 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No bean named 'transactionManager' is defined
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeanDefinition(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:568)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(AbstractBeanFactory.java:1099)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:278)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:198)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.determineTransactionManager(TransactionAspectSupport.java:246)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:100)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:155)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.LockModeRepositoryPostProcessor$LockModePopulatingMethodIntercceptor.invoke(LockModeRepositoryPostProcessor.java:92)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:91)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:155)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:204)
at sun.proxy.$Proxy98.save(Unknown Source)
at myModule.package.SomeOtherClass.someOtherMethod(SomeOtherClass.java:114)
at myModule.package.SomeOtherClass$$FastClassByCGLIB$$2bda5a73.invoke(<generated>)
at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:698)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:150)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:110)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:631)
at myModule.package.SomeClass$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$37044080.myMethod(<generated>)
at myModule.package.SomeClass.someMethod(SomeClass.java:64)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.cxf.service.invoker.AbstractInvoker.performInvocation(AbstractInvoker.java:173)
at org.apache.cxf.service.invoker.AbstractInvoker.invoke(AbstractInvoker.java:89)
... 34 more
特别，我想集中注意力于
myModule.package.SomeOtherClass.someOtherMethod(SomeClass.java:114)
和
myModule.package.SomeClass.someMethod(SomeClass.java:64)
他们的代码看起来像
@Transactional("myModuleransactionManager")
public ... someOtherMethod(){
...
}
和
public ... someMethod(){
...
}
所以，在我的理解这个配置应该工作，为什么它抛出异常？是否需要标准的命名事务管理器？还是因为cxf？我在同一个应用程序（example 1,example2）中发现了与多个事务管理器相关的一些问题，但这些问题中接受的答案驱动到我的解决方案。我误解了什么，我做错了什么？
感谢大家愿意阅读这个长长的问题，直到这里！
编辑根据Michail的回答提供完整的解释：使用Spring Data JPA需要定义存储库接口以连接到数据库。 someOtherMethod确实呼唤它被定义为我的库之一：
@Repository("myRepository")
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.NESTED, value = "myModuleransactionManager")
public interface MyRepository extends JpaRepository<MyEntity, Integer>
{
}
这又看起来不错，但看着JpaRepository实现源码（所以，看org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.SimpleJpaRepository我发现save（以及其他更新方法）用@Transactional注解。代码SimpleJpaRepository
@Transactional
public <S extends T> S save(S entity) {
if (entityInformation.isNew(entity)) {
em.persist(entity);
return entity;
} else {
return em.merge(entity);
}
}
因此，使用Spring数据JPA默认的事务管理器（在一个名为transactionManager）时是强制性的。对我的目标不好，但至少我现在知道就是这样！
Michail，你的回答驱使我进入正确的方向找到我的问题的根源。我的配置非常好，问题在于[Spring Data Jpa]（http://www.springsource.org/spring-data/jpa）。我扩展了你的答案以提供对这个陈述的解释。 – ThanksForAllTheFish 2013-03-01 08:45:41