Python的请求不会上传文件

Question

我试图重现与Python请求这个curl命令：

curl -X POST -H 'Content-Type: application/gpx+xml' -H 'Accept: application/json' --data-binary @test.gpx "http://test.roadmatching.com/rest/mapmatch/?app_id=my_id&app_key=my_key" -o output.json 

，卷曲请求工作正常。现在，我尝试使用Python：

import requests 

file = {'test.gpx': open('test.gpx', 'rb')} 

payload = {'app_id': 'my_id', 'app_key': 'my_key'} 
headers = {'Content-Type':'application/gpx+xml', 'Accept':'application/json'} 


r = requests.post("https://test.roadmatching.com/rest/mapmatch/", files=file, headers=headers, params=payload) 

而我得到的错误：

<Response [400]> 
{u'messages': [], u'error': u'Invalid GPX format'} 

我在做什么错？我必须在某处指定data-binary吗？

API被记录在这里：https://mapmatching.3scale.net/mmswag

Answer 1

卷曲上载文件作为POST体本身，而是你问requests将其编码到多/ form-data的身体。不要使用files这里，通过在文件对象作为参数data：

import requests 

file = open('test.gpx', 'rb') 

payload = {'app_id': 'my_id', 'app_key': 'my_key'} 
headers = {'Content-Type':'application/gpx+xml', 'Accept':'application/json'} 

r = requests.post(
    "https://test.roadmatching.com/rest/mapmatch/", 
    data=file, headers=headers, params=payload) 

如果您使用的with声明它会为你关闭文件后上传：

payload = {'app_id': 'my_id', 'app_key': 'my_key'} 
headers = {'Content-Type':'application/gpx+xml', 'Accept':'application/json'} 

with open('test.gpx', 'rb') as file: 
    r = requests.post(
     "https://test.roadmatching.com/rest/mapmatch/", 
     data=file, headers=headers, params=payload) 

来自curl documentation for --data-binary：

(HTTP) This posts data exactly as specified with no extra processing whatsoever.

If you start the data with the letter @ , the rest should be a filename. Data is posted in a similar manner as --data-ascii does, except that newlines and carriage returns are preserved and conversions are never done.