如何在Python中解码来自snmp的IP地址

Question

python脚本从Cisco交换机（cdp和8021x）中检索ip地址。 但是，IP地址不是以标准IP地址格式（x.x.x.x）传输的，所以我必须将它们转换。

对于一些这方面工作的地址如下

INPUT: [u'\n', u'&', u'\xd1', u'{'] 
>>> print ord(u'\n'),ord(u'&') , ord(u'\xd1') , ord(u'{') 
OUTPUT: 10 38 209 123 

下面的IP地址，我可以轻松解码

[u'\n', u'&', u'\xd1', u'l'] --> 10.38.209.108 
[u'\n', u'&', u'\xd1', u'f'] --> 10.38.209.102 
[u'\n', u'&', u'\xd1', u'p'] --> 10.38.209.112 
[u'\n', u'&', u'\xa9', u'.'] --> 10.38.169.46 
[u'\n', u'&', u'\xa9', u'*'] --> 10.38.169.42 
[u'\n', u'&', u'\xd1', u'v'] --> 10.38.209.118 
[u'\n', u'&', u'\xd1', u'g'] --> 10.38.209.103 
[u'\n', u'&', u'\xd1', u'|'] --> 10.38.209.124 
[u'\n', u'&', u'\xa9', u','] --> 10.38.169.44 
[u'\n', u'&', u'\xd1', u'u'] --> 10.38.209.117 
[u'\n', u'&', u'\xa8', u'\x15'] --> 10.38.168.21 

但我遗憾的是不知道我应该怎么下面的IP地址正确解码

[u'\n', u'&', u'\u044a'] --> 10.38.1098 (incorrect) 
[u'\n', u'&', u'\u044b'] --> 10.38.1099 (incorrect) 
[u'\n', u'&', u'\u0459'] --> 10.38.1113 (incorrect) 
[u'\n', u'&', u'\u045b'] --> 10.38.1115 (incorrect) 
[u'\n', u'&', u'\u044e'] --> 10.38.1102 (incorrect) 
[u'\n', u'&', u'\u044d'] --> 10.38.1101 (incorrect) 
[u'\n', u'&', u'\u0445'] --> 10.38.1093 (incorrect) 
[u'\n', u'&', u'\u0458'] --> 10.38.1112 (incorrect) 
[u'\n', u'&', u'\u045e'] --> 10.38.1118 (incorrect) 
[u'\n', u'&', u'\u0446'] --> 10.38.1094 (incorrect) 
[u'\n', u'&', u'\u045f'] --> 10.38.1119 (incorrect) 
[u'\n', u'&', u'\u0462'] --> 10.38.1122 (incorrect) 

有没有人有一个想法，我怎么能解码th列表的第三部分正确地放入了第三个和第四个八位组的IP地址？

Answer 1

你可以encode()它字节，然后你将有4个字节/字节。

a = [u'\n', u'&', u'\u044a'] 
a = ''.join(a) 

b = a.encode('utf-8') 

print(b[0], b[1], b[2], b[3]) 

结果：

10 38 209 138 

或者作为字符串

print('{}.{}.{}.{}'.format(*b)) 

结果：

"10.38.209.138" 

---

BTW：如果你从网络/套接字获得这个数据，那么（至少在Python3中）你应该把它作为字节。

---

编辑：完整的例子 - 或多或少的通用方法

data = [ 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\xd1', u'{'], # --> 10 38 209 123 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\xd1', u'l'], # --> 10.38.209.108 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\xd1', u'f'], # --> 10.38.209.102 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\xd1', u'p'], # --> 10.38.209.112 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\xa9', u'.'], # --> 10.38.169.46 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\xa9', u'*'], # --> 10.38.169.42 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\xd1', u'v'], # --> 10.38.209.118 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\xd1', u'g'], # --> 10.38.209.103 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\xd1', u'|'], # --> 10.38.209.124 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\xa9', u','], # --> 10.38.169.44 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\xd1', u'u'], # --> 10.38.209.117 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\xa8', u'\x15'], # --> 10.38.168.21 

    [u'\n', u'&', u'\u044a'], # --> 10.38.1098 (incorrect) 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\u044b'], # --> 10.38.1099 (incorrect) 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\u0459'], # --> 10.38.1113 (incorrect) 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\u045b'], # --> 10.38.1115 (incorrect) 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\u044e'], # --> 10.38.1102 (incorrect) 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\u044d'], # --> 10.38.1101 (incorrect) 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\u0445'], # --> 10.38.1093 (incorrect) 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\u0458'], # --> 10.38.1112 (incorrect) 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\u045e'], # --> 10.38.1118 (incorrect) 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\u0446'], # --> 10.38.1094 (incorrect) 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\u045f'], # --> 10.38.1119 (incorrect) 
    [u'\n', u'&', u'\u0462'], # --> 10.38.1122 (incorrect) 
] 

for a in data: 

    if len(a) == 3: 
     b = ''.join(a).encode('utf-8') 
    else: 
     b = [ord(x) for x in a] 

    print(a, ' bytes:', b[0], b[1], b[2], b[3], ' IP: {}.{}.{}.{}'.format(*b)) 

结果（Linux Mint的，Python的3.5.2）

['\n', '&', 'Ñ', '{'] bytes: 10 38 209 123 IP: 10.38.209.123 
['\n', '&', 'Ñ', 'l'] bytes: 10 38 209 108 IP: 10.38.209.108 
['\n', '&', 'Ñ', 'f'] bytes: 10 38 209 102 IP: 10.38.209.102 
['\n', '&', 'Ñ', 'p'] bytes: 10 38 209 112 IP: 10.38.209.112 
['\n', '&', '©', '.'] bytes: 10 38 169 46 IP: 10.38.169.46 
['\n', '&', '©', '*'] bytes: 10 38 169 42 IP: 10.38.169.42 
['\n', '&', 'Ñ', 'v'] bytes: 10 38 209 118 IP: 10.38.209.118 
['\n', '&', 'Ñ', 'g'] bytes: 10 38 209 103 IP: 10.38.209.103 
['\n', '&', 'Ñ', '|'] bytes: 10 38 209 124 IP: 10.38.209.124 
['\n', '&', '©', ','] bytes: 10 38 169 44 IP: 10.38.169.44 
['\n', '&', 'Ñ', 'u'] bytes: 10 38 209 117 IP: 10.38.209.117 
['\n', '&', '¨', '\x15'] bytes: 10 38 168 21 IP: 10.38.168.21 
['\n', '&', 'ъ'] bytes: 10 38 209 138 IP: 10.38.209.138 
['\n', '&', 'ы'] bytes: 10 38 209 139 IP: 10.38.209.139 
['\n', '&', 'љ'] bytes: 10 38 209 153 IP: 10.38.209.153 
['\n', '&', 'ћ'] bytes: 10 38 209 155 IP: 10.38.209.155 
['\n', '&', 'ю'] bytes: 10 38 209 142 IP: 10.38.209.142 
['\n', '&', 'э'] bytes: 10 38 209 141 IP: 10.38.209.141 
['\n', '&', 'х'] bytes: 10 38 209 133 IP: 10.38.209.133 
['\n', '&', 'ј'] bytes: 10 38 209 152 IP: 10.38.209.152 
['\n', '&', 'ў'] bytes: 10 38 209 158 IP: 10.38.209.158 
['\n', '&', 'ц'] bytes: 10 38 209 134 IP: 10.38.209.134 
['\n', '&', 'џ'] bytes: 10 38 209 159 IP: 10.38.209.159 
['\n', '&', 'Ѣ'] bytes: 10 38 209 162 IP: 10.38.209.162