如何执行包含引号和双引号组合的命令？

Question

我的脚本的目的是将消息发送到Mattermost服务器。 所以我用卷曲这样做：

#!/bin/bash 
message="This is my message with potentially several quotes in it ..." 
url=http://www.myMatterMostServer.com/hooks/myMattermostKey 
payload="{ \"text\" : \"$message\" }" 
curlCommand="curl --insecure --silent --show-error --header 'Content-Type: application/json' -X POST --data '"$payload"' "$url 
echo -e $curlCommand 
$curlCommand 

echo命令显示的东西，如果我把它复制并直接在终端执行它是可执行的。

但最后一行不正确执行，我有这个控制台：

++ curl --insecure --silent --show-error --header ''\''Content-Type:' 'application/json'\''' -X POST --data ''\''{' '"text"' : '"This' is my message with potentially several quotes in it '..."' '}'\''' http://poclo7.sii24.pole-emploi.intra/hooks/iht8rz8uwf81fgoq9ser8tda3y 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host 'application' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host '"text"' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host ':' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host '"This' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host 'is' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host 'my' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host 'message' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host 'with' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host 'potentially' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host 'several' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host 'quotes' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host 'in' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host 'it' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host '..."' 

我试图引号，双引号和$（命令）这么多的组合......请大家帮帮我： - ）

Answer 1

变量用于数据而不是代码。见Bash FAQ 50。改为定义一个函数。

curlCommand() { 
    message=$1 
    url=$2 
    payload='{"text": "$message"}' 
    curl --insecure --silent --show-error \ 
     --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \ 
     -X POST --data "$payload" "$url" 
} 

curlCommand "This is my message with potentially several quotes in it ..." http://www.myMatterMostServer.com/hooks/myMattermostKey 

考虑使用jq生成有效载荷，以确保$message内容是正确转义。

payload=$(jq --arg msg "$message" '{text: $msg}') 

或管道jq直接curl输出：

jq --arg msg "$message" '{text: $msg}' | curl ... --data @- ...