无法加载TestContextBootstrapper - 针对非web应用程序的弹簧引导集成测试错误

Question

我正在使用基于gradle项目的spring-boot schedular。当我运行src/main/java下的主类（使用调试器或执行spring-boot jar）时，调度程序运行良好。对于集成测试 - 我创建了一个新的与java并行的integrationTest目录。

For integration test, the class that i created is as follows. 
--------------- 
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 
@SpringBootApplication 
@ContextHierarchy({ 
     @ContextConfiguration(name = "testContext", classes = ConfigCommons.class, loader = SpringApplicationContextLoader.class), 
}) 


@TestPropertySource("classpath:integrationtest.properties") 

//@IntegrationTest 


public class IntegrationUseCase { 

    BeanA beana; 
    BeanB beanb; 

    @Before 
    public void setup() { 
     beana = new BeanA(); 
     beanb = new BeanB(); 
    } 

    @Test 
    public void testUseCase() { 
     // logic that uses beanA and beanB 
    } 
} 
--------------- 

Have following questions: 
1. I have not leveraged autowired. Is there a way I can do that? 
2. While buiding the project - Getting an error that TestContextBootstrapper cannot be loaded. I am using the following spring-boot packages- 
"org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test:1.4.0.RELEASE". However, when I commented out this test class, the project buolds and runs fine. Does anyone know what is happening here? 
The log is: 

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Could not load TestContextBootstrapper [null]. Specify @BootstrapWith's 'value' attribute or make the default bootstrapper class available. 
    at org.springframework.test.context.BootstrapUtils.resolveTestContextBootstrapper(BootstrapUtils.java:143) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.<init>(TestContextManager.java:105) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTestContextManager(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:152) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.<init>(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:143) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62) 
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45) 
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:422) 
    at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.buildRunner(AnnotatedBuilder.java:104) 
    at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.runnerForClass(AnnotatedBuilder.java:86) 
    at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59) 
    at org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:26) 
    at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59) 
    at org.junit.internal.requests.ClassRequest.getRunner(ClassRequest.java:33) 
    at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassExecuter.runTestClass(JUnitTestClassExecuter.java:88) 
    at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassExecuter.execute(JUnitTestClassExecuter.java:56) 
    at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassProcessor.processTestClass(JUnitTestClassProcessor.java:64) 
    at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.SuiteTestClassProcessor.processTestClass(SuiteTestClassProcessor.java:50) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) 
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) 
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497) 
    at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:35) 
    at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24) 
    at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ContextClassLoaderDispatch.dispatch(ContextClassLoaderDispatch.java:32) 
    at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ProxyDispatchAdapter$DispatchingInvocationHandler.invoke(ProxyDispatchAdapter.java:93) 
    at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy2.processTestClass(Unknown Source) 
    at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.processTestClass(TestWorker.java:106) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) 
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) 
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497) 
    at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:35) 
    at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24) 
    at org.gradle.messaging.remote.internal.hub.MessageHub$Handler.run(MessageHub.java:360) 
    at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ExecutorPolicy$CatchAndRecordFailures.onExecute(ExecutorPolicy.java:54) 
    at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.StoppableExecutorImpl$1.run(StoppableExecutorImpl.java:40) 
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142) 
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617) 
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) 
Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotatedElementUtils.findAllMergedAnnotations(Ljava/lang/reflect/AnnotatedElement;Ljava/lang/Class;)Ljava/util/Set; 
    at org.springframework.test.context.BootstrapUtils.resolveExplicitTestContextBootstrapper(BootstrapUtils.java:150) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.BootstrapUtils.resolveTestContextBootstrapper(BootstrapUtils.java:126) 
    ... 39 more 

Answer 1

我有一个类似的问题。 pom.xml文件中的依赖存在问题。可能有很多原因：版本冲突或冲突两次声明相同的依赖关系：在当前的pom.xml中，也在父pom.xml中，如使用不同版本。