将csv.DictReader对象转换为字典列表？

Question

CSV文件names.csv具有内容：

first_name last_name 
Baked Beans 
Lovely Spam 
Wonderful Spam 

我想将其读入词典列表，包含密钥的第一行：

>>> import csv 
>>> with open('names.csv') as csvfile: 
...  reader = csv.DictReader(csvfile) 
...  for row in reader: 
...   print(row['first_name'], row['last_name']) 
... 
Baked Beans 
Lovely Spam 
Wonderful Spam 

不过是readercsv.DictReader类型？ 如何将reader转换为字典列表？ 谢谢。

Answer 1

使用list()：

print(list(reader)) 

演示：

>>> with open('names.csv') as csvfile: 
...  reader = csv.DictReader(csvfile, delimiter=" ") 
...  print(list(reader)) 
... 
[{'first_name': 'Baked', 'last_name': 'Beans'}, {'first_name': 'Lovely', 'last_name': 'Spam'}, {'first_name': 'Wonderful', 'last_name': 'Spam'}] 

Answer 2

import csv 
with open("in.csv") as csvfile: 
    reader = csv.DictReader(csvfile,delimiter=" ") 
    print(list(reader)) 
[{'first_name': 'Baked', 'last_name': 'Beans'}, {'first_name': 'Lovely', 'last_name': 'Spam'}, {'first_name': 'Wonderful', 'last_name': 'Spam'}] 

如果分隔符是不实际需要指定" "或不管它是一个,。

只是为了澄清任何混淆，代码工作正常python3.6还可以，唯一的区别是使用DictReader给Orderdicts默认：

In [1]: import csv 
    ...: with open("in.csv") as csvfile: 
    ...:  reader = csv.DictReader(csvfile, delimiter=" ") 
    ...:  print(list(reader)) 
    ...:  
[OrderedDict([('first_name', 'Baked'), ('last_name', 'Beans')]), OrderedDict([('first_name', 'Lovely'), ('last_name', 'Spam')]), OrderedDict([('first_name', 'Wonderful'), ('last_name', 'Spam')])] 

您可以访问密钥完全一样，一个OrderedDict刚保持密钥插入顺序：

In [2]: import csv 
    ...: with open("in.csv") as csvfile: 
    ...:  reader = csv.DictReader(csvfile, delimiter=" ") 
    ...:  for dct in reader: 
    ...:   print(f"{dct['first_name']} {dct['last_name']}") 
    ...:   
    ...:  
Baked Beans 
Lovely Spam 
Wonderful Spam 

里面居然py3.6确实太少，因此，如果由于某种原因，你真的想要一个字典：

In [5]: import csv 
    ...: with open("in.csv") as csvfile: 
    ...:  reader = csv.DictReader(csvfile, delimiter=" ") 
    ...:  for dct in map(dict, reader): 
    ...:   print(dct) 
    ...:   print(f"{dct['first_name']} {dct['last_name']}") 
    ...:   
    ...:  
{'first_name': 'Baked', 'last_name': 'Beans'} 
Baked Beans 
{'first_name': 'Lovely', 'last_name': 'Spam'} 
Lovely Spam 
{'first_name': 'Wonderful', 'last_name': 'Spam'} 
Wonderful Spam 

上插入py3.6的排序保留是实现细节和可能改变，但如果有足够我们使用它，它可能只是不得不留:)