启用“xp_cmdshell的” SQL服务器

Question

我想执行EXEC master..xp_cmdshell @bcpquery

但我收到以下错误：

SQL Server blocked access to procedure 'sys.xp_cmdshell' of component 'xp_cmdshell' because this component is turned off as part of the security configuration for this server. A system administrator can enable the use of 'xp_cmdshell' by using sp_configure. For more information about enabling 'xp_cmdshell', see "Surface Area Configuration" in SQL Server Books Online.

有什么办法来激活此功能，或执行启用该功能之前的东西吗？

如何解决？

Answer 1

您需要启用它。退房xp_cmdshell MSDN docs的允许部分：

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms190693.aspx：

-- To allow advanced options to be changed. 
EXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1 
GO 
-- To update the currently configured value for advanced options. 
RECONFIGURE 
GO 
-- To enable the feature. 
EXEC sp_configure 'xp_cmdshell', 1 
GO 
-- To update the currently configured value for this feature. 
RECONFIGURE 
GO 

Answer 2

您还可以隐藏再次高级选项重新配置后：

-- show advanced options 
EXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1 
GO 
RECONFIGURE 
GO 
-- enable xp_cmdshell 
EXEC sp_configure 'xp_cmdshell', 1 
GO 
RECONFIGURE 
GO 
-- hide advanced options 
EXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options', 0 
GO 
RECONFIGURE 
GO 

Answer 3

在其他的答案上市，招（在SQL 2005或更高版本）将按此顺序将show advanced options和xp_cmdshell的全局配置设置更改为1。除此之外，如果您想保留以前的值，您可以先从sys.configurations中读取它们，然后在最后以相反的顺序应用它们。我们也可以避免不必要的reconfigure电话：

declare @prevAdvancedOptions int 
declare @prevXpCmdshell int 

select @prevAdvancedOptions = cast(value_in_use as int) from sys.configurations where name = 'show advanced options' 
select @prevXpCmdshell = cast(value_in_use as int) from sys.configurations where name = 'xp_cmdshell' 

if (@prevAdvancedOptions = 0) 
begin 
    exec sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1 
    reconfigure 
end 

if (@prevXpCmdshell = 0) 
begin 
    exec sp_configure 'xp_cmdshell', 1 
    reconfigure 
end 

/* do work */ 

if (@prevXpCmdshell = 0) 
begin 
    exec sp_configure 'xp_cmdshell', 0 
    reconfigure 
end 

if (@prevAdvancedOptions = 0) 
begin 
    exec sp_configure 'show advanced options', 0 
    reconfigure 
end 

注意，这依赖于SQL Server 2005的版本或更高版本（原来的问题是在2008年）。

Answer 4

尽管接受的答案在大多数情况下都能正常工作，但我遇到过（仍然不知道为什么）某些情况并非如此。通过使用RECONFIGURE的WITH OVERRIDE查询的轻微的修改给出了解决方案

Use Master 
GO 

EXEC master.dbo.sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1 
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE 
GO 

EXEC master.dbo.sp_configure 'xp_cmdshell', 1 
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE 
GO 

预期的输出是

Configuration option 'show advanced options' changed from 0 to 1. Run the RECONFIGURE statement to install.
Configuration option 'xp_cmdshell' changed from 0 to 1. Run the RECONFIGURE statement to install.

Answer 5

右键单击服务器 - >刻面 - >外围应用配置器 - > XPCmshellEnbled - > true

Answer 6

您可以使用SQLcmd。 您已经运行以下命令。