Python：在字符串中移动字母表中的字母

Question

我一直在Python中工作，一直试图移动字母表中的所有字母n空格，但是我遇到了相当多的错误。

print("Cryptography") 
userInput = str(input("Write anything that you'd like to encrypt here: ")) 
userNumberInput = int(input("Please choose a number without decimals here: ")) 
userInput = userInput.lower() 
wordCount = userInput.split() 
loopRunner = int(0) 
letterCount = list() 
for word in range(len(wordCount)): 
    letterCount.insert(loopRunner,len(wordCount[loopRunner])) 
    print(letterCount[loopRunner]) 
    loopRunner = loopRunner + 1 

outputString = "" .join((chr(97 + (ord(letter) -97 + userNumberInput) % 26) for letter in userInput)) 
loopRunner = 0 
for word in range(len(wordCount)): 
    outputString2 = [outputString[i:i+letterCount[loopRunner]] for i in range (0, len(outputString), letterCount[loopRunner])] 
    loopRunner = loopRunner + 1 
finalResult = " " .join(outputString2) 
print(finalResult) 

到目前为止，它做什么，我需要做的，但是当我尝试运行此，它似乎也算位字母和我不知道如何将它们排除在外，同时保持他们在最后结果就像它们一样。

另一件我想知道的事情是，如果有什么办法让我不把字母变成小写字母，并保持代码的功能？

我一直在尝试几个小时的事情，但一直没能找到一个好的解决方案。

Answer 1

不编辑已有内容的一种方法是索引所有空间位置并将这些索引位置保存为字符串。请注意我的例子很混乱，你应该尝试实现没有尝试/除了结构。

n = 0 
spacesLocation = [] 
while(True): 
    try: 
     spacesLocation.append(userInput.index(' ')) 
     userInput = userInput.replace(' ', '', 1) 
     n+=1 
    except: 
     n = 0 
     break 

然后在末尾添加它们放回：

while(n < len(spacesLocation)):#goes through where all the spaces are 
    finalResult = finalResult[:spacesLocation[n]+n] + ' ' +finalResult[spacesLocation[n]+n:]#adds spaces where they go 
    n+=1#re-iterates to go through where all the spaces should be 

让你整个事情看起来是这样的：

print("Cryptography") 
userInput = str(input("Write anything that you'd like to encrypt here: ")) 
n = 0 
spacesLocation = [] 
while(True): 
    try: 
     spacesLocation.append(userInput.index(' ')) 
     userInput = userInput.replace(' ', '', 1) 
     n+=1 
    except: 
     n = 0 
     break 
userNumberInput = int(input("Please choose a number without decimals here: ")) 
userInput = userInput.lower() 
wordCount = userInput.split() 
loopRunner = int(0) 
letterCount = list() 
for word in range(len(wordCount)): 
    letterCount.insert(loopRunner,len(wordCount[loopRunner])) 
    print(letterCount[loopRunner]) 
    loopRunner = loopRunner + 1 

outputString = "" .join((chr(97 + (ord(letter) -97 + userNumberInput) % 26) for letter in userInput)) 
loopRunner = 0 
for word in range(len(wordCount)): 
    outputString2 = [outputString[i:i+letterCount[loopRunner]] for i in range (0, len(outputString), letterCount[loopRunner])] 
    loopRunner = loopRunner + 1 
finalResult = " " .join(outputString2) 
while(n < len(spacesLocation)): 
    finalResult = finalResult[:spacesLocation[n]+n] + ' ' +finalResult[spacesLocation[n]+n:] 
    n+=1 
print(finalResult) 

评论，如果您不知道如何说，因为工作的任何问题stackoverflow旨在增加理解，而不仅仅是提供解决方案。

Answer 2

您可以使用string模块和移动功能如下：

import string 

def shift(): 
    userInput = input("Write anything that you'd like to encrypt here: ") 
    userNumberInput = int(input("Please choose a number without decimals here: ")) 
    letters=' '+string.ascii_letters 
    if userNumberInput > len(letters): userNumberInput = userNumberInput%len(letters) 
    d={k:v for k,v in zip(letters,' '+letters[userNumberInput:]+letters[:userNumberInput])} 
    return ''.join([x.replace(x,d[x]) for x in userInput]) 

功能不变的空间位置和userInput正是userNumberInput号转移所有字母