Rspec的测试模型空：假约束

Question

我很困惑与测试（Rspec的）用空模型：虚假的一些属性：

当创建这些属性=零之一，新实例的新实例。有效？返回true，但如果我尝试保存它，它会在ActiveRecord :: NotNullViolation上返回错误消息。我明白它通过“模型验证”，但在“数据库验证”中失败。 然后测试我的模型的正确方法是什么？

RSpec.describe BusinessSetting, type: :model do 
    # before :each do 
    # @business_setting = FactoryGirl.create(:business_setting) 
    # end 

    it "has a valid factory" do 
    expect(FactoryGirl.create(:business_setting)).to be_valid 
    end 

    it "is invalid without a business_id" do 
    expect(FactoryGirl.create(:business_setting, business_id: 
nil)).not_to be_valid 
    end 

    it "is invalid without a bot_token" do 
    expect(FactoryGirl.build(:business_setting, bot_token: nil)).to 
raise_error 
    end 
end 

Failures: 

    1) BusinessSetting is invalid without a business_id 

Failure/Error: expect(FactoryGirl.create(:business_setting, business_id: nil)).to raise_error 

ActiveRecord::NotNullViolation: 
    Mysql2::Error: Field 'business_id' doesn't have a default value: INSERT INTO `business_settings` (`bot_token`, `employee_user_id`, `created_at`, `updated_at`, `bill_regex`, `email`, `store_code`, `name`, `description`) VALUES ('516dbe4b-9a54-47e7-be7f-9110703589e6', 25899, '2017-10-19 17:42:18', '2017-10-19 17:42:18', '^F947\\d{7}$', 'email@magasin.com', '947', 'Nom du magasin', 'Description du magasin') 
# ./spec/models/business_setting_spec.rb:14:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
# ------------------ 
# --- Caused by: --- 
# Mysql2::Error: 
# Field 'business_id' doesn't have a default value 
# ./spec/models/business_setting_spec.rb:14:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 

    2) BusinessSetting is invalid without a bot_token 

Failure/Error: expect(FactoryGirl.build(:business_setting, bot_token: nil)).to raise_error 
     expected Exception but was not given a block 
# ./spec/models/business_setting_spec.rb:18:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 

Answer 1

expect to raise_error应{}

expect{FactoryGirl.create(:business_setting, business_id: nil)}.to raise_error