Python 3.6 urllib TypeError：不能连接字节到字符

我想从Python 3.6中使用urllib从API拉一些JSON数据。它需要传递头部信息以进行授权。这里是我的代码：Python 3.6 urllib TypeError：不能连接字节到字符

import urllib.request, json 

headers = {"authorization" : "Bearer {authorization_token}"} 

with urllib.request.urlopen("{api_url}", data=headers) as url: 
    data = json.loads(url.read().decode()) 
    print(data)

和错误消息我得到：

Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "getter.py", line 5, in <module> 
with urllib.request.urlopen("{url}", data=headers) as url: 
    File "AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\urllib\request.py", line 223, in urlopen 
return opener.open(url, data, timeout) 
    File "AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\urllib\request.py", line 526, in open 
response = self._open(req, data) 
    File "AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\urllib\request.py", line 544, in _open 
'_open', req) 
    File "AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\urllib\request.py", line 504, in _call_chain 
result = func(*args) 
    File "AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1361, in https_open 
context=self._context, check_hostname=self._check_hostname) 
    File "AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1318, in do_open 
encode_chunked=req.has_header('Transfer-encoding')) 
    File "AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\http\client.py", line 1239, in request 
self._send_request(method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked) 
    File "AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\http\client.py", line 1285, in _send_request 
self.endheaders(body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked) 
    File "AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\http\client.py", line 1234, in endheaders 
self._send_output(message_body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked) 
    File "AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\http\client.py", line 1064, in _send_output 
+ b'\r\n' 
TypeError: can't concat bytes to str 

Process finished with exit code 1

不太清楚发生了什么事情错在这里，我没有任何输入字节，所以我不知道为什么我m得到一个错误告诉我，我不能连接字节到str。

任何帮助，非常感谢！

来源

2017-07-11 Matthew Winfield

我认为你应该使用'headers = headers' –

data参数有望成为类似字节的对象。你需要做到以下几点：

urllib.request.urlopen({api_url}, data=bytes(json.dumps(headers), encoding="utf-8"))

来源

2017-07-11 14:42:59

工作感谢！ –

@MthetheWWinfield，我已经多次与这个问题作斗争。实际上，这行代码是从我的一个项目中复制出来的。 –

Python 3.6 urllib TypeError：不能连接字节到字符

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