如何在java中使用Process Builder来运行Linux shell命令？

Question

我想执行使用两个Linux命令JAVA程序：

1. 使用ifconfig | grep -A 1'eth0'| tail -1 | cut -d'：'-f 2 | cut -d''-f 1

这条命令给我和“IP地址”，我必须阅读并且在第二命令中使用它

./executeTest.sh“IP地址”

我的功能，其我使用运行这些命令是这样的：

public int exec(String[] command, Map<String, String> envt, StringBuilder stdout, StringBuilder stderr, int timeoutSeconds) throws TimeoutException, Exception{ 
     int exitValue = -1; 
     final File stdoutFile = File.createTempFile("test_", "extproc.out"); 
     final File stderrFile = File.createTempFile("test_", "extproc.err"); 
     Process process = null; 
     try{  
      ProcessBuilder pb = new ProcessBuilder(command); 
      if(envt!=null){ 
       for(Entry<String, String> entry : envt.entrySet()){ 
        pb.environment().put(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()); 
       } 
      } 
      pb.redirectOutput(stdoutFile); 
      pb.redirectError(stderrFile); 

      process = pb.start(); 

      boolean timedOut = false; 

      timedOut = !(process.waitFor(timeoutSeconds, TimeUnit.SECONDS)); 

      if(timedOut){ 
       System.out.println("Timed out waiting for process to complete."); 
       try{  
        process.destroyForcibly(); 
       }catch(Exception killEx){ 
        System.out.println("Error while terminating runaway process"+ killEx); 
       } 
      }else{ 
       exitValue = process.exitValue();  
      } 

      stdout.append(FileUtils.readFileToString(stdoutFile)); 
      stderr.append(FileUtils.readFileToString(stderrFile)); 

      if(timedOut){ 
       throw new TimeoutException(); 
      } 
     }finally{ 
      if(stdoutFile.exists()){ 
       //File.deleteDirectory(stdoutFile); 
      } 
      if(stderrFile.exists()){ 
       //FileUtils.deleteDirectory(stdoutFile); 
      } 
      if(process != null){ 
       process.destroy(); 
      } 

     } 
     return exitValue; 
    } 

但是，我越来越以下错误，当我把这个功能您在上面写的命令：

java.io.IOException: Cannot run program "ifconfig | grep -A 1 'eth0' | tail -1 |cut -d ':' -f 2 |cut -d ' ' -f 1": error=2, No such file or directory 
     at java.lang.ProcessBuilder.start(ProcessBuilder.java:1048) 
     at IOxUnifiedSanityTestSuite.starWebServer.exec(starWebServer.java:66) 
     at IOxUnifiedSanityTestSuite.starWebServer$2.handle(starWebServer.java:148) 
     at IOxUnifiedSanityTestSuite.starWebServer$2.handle(starWebServer.java:124) 
     at io.vertx.ext.web.impl.RouteImpl.handleContext(RouteImpl.java:217) 
     at io.vertx.ext.web.impl.RoutingContextImplBase.iterateNext(RoutingContextImplBase.java:78) 
     at io.vertx.ext.web.impl.RoutingContextImpl.next(RoutingContextImpl.java:133) 
     at io.vertx.ext.web.impl.RouterImpl.accept(RouterImpl.java:79) 
     at io.vertx.core.http.impl.ServerConnection.handleRequest(ServerConnection.java:288) 
     at io.vertx.core.http.impl.ServerConnection.processMessage(ServerConnection.java:421) 
     at io.vertx.core.http.impl.ServerConnection.handleMessage(ServerConnection.java:134) 
     at io.vertx.core.http.impl.HttpServerImpl$ServerHandler.doMessageReceived(HttpServerImpl.java:623) 
     at io.vertx.core.http.impl.HttpServerImpl$ServerHandler.doMessageReceived(HttpServerImpl.java:573) 
     at io.vertx.core.http.impl.VertxHttpHandler.lambda$channelRead$0(VertxHttpHandler.java:71) 
     at io.vertx.core.impl.ContextImpl.lambda$wrapTask$2(ContextImpl.java:322) 
     at io.vertx.core.impl.ContextImpl.executeFromIO(ContextImpl.java:190) 
     at io.vertx.core.http.impl.VertxHttpHandler.channelRead(VertxHttpHandler.java:71) 
     at io.vertx.core.net.impl.VertxHandler.channelRead(VertxHandler.java:122) 
     at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:363) 
     at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:349) 
     at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.fireChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:341) 
     at io.netty.handler.codec.ByteToMessageDecoder.fireChannelRead(ByteToMessageDecoder.java:293) 
     at io.netty.handler.codec.ByteToMessageDecoder.channelRead(ByteToMessageDecoder.java:267) 
     at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:363) 
     at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:349) 
     at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.fireChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:341) 
     at io.netty.channel.DefaultChannelPipeline$HeadContext.channelRead(DefaultChannelPipeline.java:1334) 
     at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:363) 
     at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:349) 
     at io.netty.channel.DefaultChannelPipeline.fireChannelRead(DefaultChannelPipeline.java:926) 
     at io.netty.channel.nio.AbstractNioByteChannel$NioByteUnsafe.read(AbstractNioByteChannel.java:129) 
     at io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop.processSelectedKey(NioEventLoop.java:642) 
     at io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop.processSelectedKeysOptimized(NioEventLoop.java:565) 
     at io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop.processSelectedKeys(NioEventLoop.java:479) 
     at io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop.run(NioEventLoop.java:441) 
     at io.netty.util.concurrent.SingleThreadEventExecutor$5.run(SingleThreadEventExecutor.java:858) 
     at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) 
Caused by: java.io.IOException: error=2, No such file or directory 
     at java.lang.UNIXProcess.forkAndExec(Native Method) 
     at java.lang.UNIXProcess.<init>(UNIXProcess.java:248) 
     at java.lang.ProcessImpl.start(ProcessImpl.java:134) 
     at java.lang.ProcessBuilder.start(ProcessBuilder.java:1029) 
     ... 36 more 


The way I am calling exec function is this: 



    String command1[] = new String[]{"ifconfig | grep -A 1 \'eth0\' | tail -1 |cut -d \':\' -f 2 |cut -d \' \' -f 1"}; 
     StringBuilder stdout = new StringBuilder(); 
     StringBuilder stderr = new StringBuilder(); 
     exec(command1, null, stdout, stderr, 30) 

    String command2[] = new String[]{"./executeTest.sh ipaddress"}; 
    StringBuilder stdout1 = new StringBuilder(); 
    StringBuilder stderr1 = new StringBuilder(); 
    exec(command2, null, stdout1, stderr1, 30) 

谁能帮我找到了什么，我做错了什么？

Answer 1

你可能养活你的第一个命令作为一个整体来ProcessBuilder的构造：

"ifconfig| grep -A 1 'eth0'|tail -1|cut -d ':' -f 2|cut -d ' ' -f 1" 

ProcessBuilder认为它是一个程序的名字，因此错误。

尝试传递给它下面的：

new String{"/bin/bash", "-c", "ifconfig| grep -A 1 'eth0'|tail -1|cut -d ':' -f 2|cut -d ' ' -f 1"} 

像

exec(new String{"/bin/bash", "-c", "ifconfig| grep -A 1 'eth0'|tail -1|cut -d ':' -f 2|cut -d ' ' -f 1"}, 
    envt, stdout, stderr, timeoutSeconds); 

ProcessBuilder将调用bash，这反过来将调用复杂的命令。