无法找到XML名称空间的Spring NamespaceHandler

Question

当我尝试运行简单应用程序（JPA + Hibernate + Maven）时出现以下错误。当我将war文件部署到应用服务器时它工作正常，但它不能从我的IDE（Eclipse）中工作。没有应用服务器可以运行它吗？如果是，有什么问题？

Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.BeanDefinitionParsingException: Configuration problem: Unable to locate Spring NamespaceHandler for XML schema namespace [http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence] 

犯规资源：文件[E：\ persistence.xml中]

at org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.FailFastProblemReporter.error(FailFastProblemReporter.java:68) 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.ReaderContext.error(ReaderContext.java:85) 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.ReaderContext.error(ReaderContext.java:80) 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.error(BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.java:281) 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.parseCustomElement(BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.java:1294) 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.parseCustomElement(BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.java:1287) 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.parseBeanDefinitions(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:141) 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:92) 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.registerBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:507) 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:398) 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:342) 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:310) 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:143) 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:178) 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:149) 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:212) 
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:113) 
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:80) 
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:123) 
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:422) 
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:352) 
at org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext.<init>(FileSystemXmlApplicationContext.java:140) 
at org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext.<init>(FileSystemXmlApplicationContext.java:94) 
at Test.main(Test.java:12) 

persistence.xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence 
        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd" 
version="1.0"> 
<persistence-unit name="acme" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL" /> 

Maven依赖：

<dependency> 
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
     <artifactId>spring</artifactId> 
     <version>2.5.6.SEC01</version> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
     <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> 
     <version>2.5.6.SEC01</version> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> 
     <artifactId>hibernate</artifactId> 
     <version>3.2.6.ga</version> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> 
     <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId> 
     <version>3.3.1.ga</version> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>javax.persistence</groupId> 
     <artifactId>persistence-api</artifactId> 
     <version>1.0</version> 
    </dependency> 

Answer 1

它似乎是你试图加载persistence.xml作为一个Spring配置文件（可能，你在调用构造函数FileSystemXmlApplicationContext时将它添加到文件列表中）。你不应该这样做，因为persistence.xml不是Spring配置文件。

这是一个JPA配置文件，它应该放在你的类路径的META-INF文件夹中。