Python填充空白代码

Question

我是一名编程初学者，我正在尝试构建一个填空题测验。我差不多完成了，但我无法解决2个我无法解决的问题，无论我做什么。我真的很感谢你的帮助。感谢您帮助我！

如果您尝试运行的代码和玩游戏：

1）根据你要玩（苹果，债券和编程测验的难度（易疯狂）和测验打印测验），这虽然玩家/用户已经选择了难度级别，但是我仍然不明白为什么它会这样做？player_level（）过程看起来很完美

2）错误： a）局部变量blanks_index在赋值前引用 b）全局名称list_of_answers为 没有定义的。 我知道它与initialize_game（）函数有关，但我不知道如何更改代码，以便正确引用所有变量（blanks_index，answers_index，player_lives）。 它可以通过创建全局变量来解决（我猜），但这不是一个好习惯，所以我试图避免它。以前，整个函数initialise_game（）和play_game（）是一个函数，但是因为在一个函数中有超过25行的代码，所以它不是一个好的做法，因为它很长，很杂乱，我知道我可以将它分开，但是我不知道如何。

下面是代码：

"""3 diffferent quizzes : Apple quiz, James Bond quiz, Programming quiz""" 

"""Quiz and answers about Apple""" 
Apple_quiz = ("The most valuable company in terms of market cap in 2016 is, ___1___." 
       "It was founded in ___2___. Its flagship product is called ___3___." 
       "___1___ has many competitors, the biggest rival is ___4___,founded by" 
       " nobody but the richest man on the planet,___5___ ___6___.") 

list_of_answers_Apple = ["Apple", "1976", "Iphone", "Microsoft", "Bill", "Gates"] 


"""Quiz and answers about Bond""" 
Bond_quiz = ("James Bond is agent ___1___. He serves his country,___2___ ___3___" 
      " against its enemies. His car of choice is usually ___4___ ___5___." 
      " His favorite drink is ___6___.") 

list_of_answers_Bond = ["007", "United", "Kingdom", "Aston", "Martin", "Martini"] 

"""Quiz and answers about programming basics""" 
Programming_quiz = ("___1___ are created with the def keyword. ___1___ are also called ___2___" 
        " You specify the inputs a ___1___ take by adding ___3___ separated by commas" 
        " between the parentheses. ___3___ can be standard data types such as string, number" 
        " ,dictionary, tuple, and ___4___ or can be more complicated such as ___5___" 
        " and ___6___ functions.") 

list_of_answers_Programming = ["Functions", "procedures", "arguments", "lists", "objects", "lambda"] 

blank_space = ["___1___", "___2___", "___3___", "___4___", "___5___", "___6___]"] 


#List of levels with corresponding lives/guesses that player can have 
quiz_list = ["Apple", "Bond", "Programming"] 
level_list = ["easy", "medium", "hard", "superhard", "insane"] 
lives_easy = 5 
lives_medium = 4 
lives_hard = 3 
lives_superhard = 2 
lives_insane = 1 


def choose_quiz(): 
    """ Prompts player to pick a type of quiz and loads the quiz """ 
    #Input = player_quiz (raw input from player) 
    #Output = loaded quiz, player chose 
    while True: 
     player_quiz = raw_input("Please, select a quiz you want to play: " 
          "(Apple, Bond or Programming): ") 
     if player_quiz == "Apple": 
      return Apple_quiz 
     elif player_quiz == "Bond": 
      return Bond_quiz 
     elif player_quiz == "Programming": 
      return Programming_quiz 
     else: 
      print "We don't have such quiz, pick again!" 

def answers_for_quiz(): 
    """ Loads appropiate answers to the quiz that player has chosen""" 
    #Input = player quiz (raw input from player) 
    #Output = loaded quiz answers from the quiz player chose 
    player_quiz_pick = choose_quiz() 
    if player_quiz_pick == Apple_quiz: 
     return list_of_answers_Apple 
    elif player_quiz_pick == Bond_quiz: 
     return list_of_answers_Bond 
    elif player_quiz_pick == Programming_quiz: 
     return list_of_answers_Programming 

def player_level(): 
    """ Loads a difficulty that player chooses """ 
    #Input = player_level_input (raw input of player choosing a difficulty) 
    #Output = corresponding number of lives: 
    #Easy = 5 lives, Medium = 4 lives 
    #Hard = 3 lives, Superhard = 2 lives 
    #Insane = 1 life 
    while True: 
     player_level_input = raw_input("Please type in a difficulty level: " 
           "(easy, medium, hard, superhard, insane): ") 
     if player_level_input == "easy": 
      return lives_easy #Easy = 5 lives 
     elif player_level_input == "medium": 
      return lives_medium #Medium = 4 lives 
     elif player_level_input == "hard": 
      return lives_hard #Hard = 3 lives 
     elif player_level_input == "superhard": 
      return lives_superhard #Superhard = 2 lives 
     elif player_level_input == "insane": 
      return lives_insane #Insane = 1 life 
     else: 
      print "We do not have such difficulty! Pick again!" 

def correct_answer(player_answer, list_of_answers, answers_index): 
    """ Checks, whether the the answer from player matches with the answer list. """ 
    #Input: player_answer (raw input that player enters in order to fill in the blank) 
    #Output: "Right answer!" or "Wrong! Try again!" this output will be later used in the game 
    if player_answer == list_of_answers[answers_index]: 
     return "Right answer!" 
    return "Wrong! Try again!" 

def initialize_game(): 
    """Functions that sets up a game so we can play it """ 
    player_quiz_pick, player_level_pick, list_of_answers = choose_quiz(), player_level(), answers_for_quiz() 
    print player_quiz_pick 
    print "\nYou will get maximum " + str(player_level_pick) + " guesses for this game. Good luck.\n" 
    blanks_index, answers_index, player_lives = 0, 0, 0 

    #for elements in blank_space: 
    while blanks_index < len(blank_space): 
     player_answer = raw_input("Please type in your answer for " + blank_space[blanks_index] + ": ") 
     if correct_answer(player_answer,list_of_answers,answers_index) == "Right answer!": 
      print "Correct answer! Keep going!\n" 
      player_quiz_pick = player_quiz_pick.replace(blank_space[blanks_index],player_answer) 
      answers_index += 1 
      blanks_index += 1 
      print player_quiz_pick 
      if blanks_index == len(blank_space): 
       print "Congratulations! You nailed it! You are the winner!" 
     else: 
      player_level_pick -= 1 
      if player_level_pick == 0: 
       print "Game over! Maybe next time!" 
       break 
      else: 
       print "One life less, that sucks! Have another shot!" 
       print "You have " + str(player_level_pick) + " guesses left." 

initialize_game() 

Answer 1

你的主要问题是你保持一遍又一遍调用相同的功能和不输入保存到变量。以下是关于你的代码和问题的一些提示：

1. 你不这样做你player_level()方法调用任何东西，所以玩家实际上没有影响比赛的方式选择一个级别。你应该改变函数调用，所以返回的值将被存储。

   //the call to the method: 
   player_level_pick = player_level() 
   

2. 之后，你一直在呼唤的player_level()方法，而不是使用用户提供的实际答案。将所有player_level()出现改为player_level_pick - 用于保存答案的变量（如上所示）。与其他所有不需要的函数调用相同，如choose_level()。

3. 你应该初始化number_of_guesses, player_lives, list_of_answers，和其他增值经销商的匹配值player_level_pick一样，所以它会根据级别按住右值。同样，你应该改变这一行：

   # the line that checks if game is over 
   # change from: 
   if number_of_guesses == player_lives: 
   # to : 
   if number_of_guesses == 0: 
   

4. 为了return多个值，你必须使用的元组。一个接一个地使用多个return语句无法在任何地方工作。 这样，而不是：

   return list_of_answers 
   return number_of_guesses 
   return blanks_index 
   return answers_index 
   return player_lives 
   

   你应该使用的元组，并适当解压它们：

   # the return statement: 
   return (list_of_answers, number_of_guesses, blanks_index, answers_index, player_lives) 
   
   # and the unpacking in the calling function: 
   list_of_answers, number_of_guesses, blanks_index, answers_index, player_lives = initialize_game() 
   

   这样一来，所有返回值的进入调用函数想要的变量。这样，您需要拨打play_game()的initialize_game()。这将是你的有效途径。

5. 只需再这么说了，因为我在年底说（4） - 你应该单元initialize_game()和play_game()成一个单一的功能（因为很多数据是相同的所需的数据），或者只是叫initialize_game()从play_game() 。然后

6. 更好的做法，使用这个rec​​ursivly：return choose_level()，当你得到一个正确的答案，你应该使用一个while True:循环，只是刹车。