remove_reference和add_reference报告没有外键

Question

迁移了这个迁移

def change 
    remove_reference :order_items, :order, foreign_key: true 
end 

或者这种迁移

def change 
    add_reference :order_items, :order, foreign_key: true 
end 

迁移下跌引发此错误下来的迁移：

StandardError: An error has occurred, this and all later migrations canceled: 

Table 'order_items' has no foreign key for {:to_table=>"orders"} 
G:/Rails/learn_rails/db/migrate/20170222035809_move_order_items_under_restaurant_orders.rb:3:in `change' 
G:/Rails/learn_rails/bin/rails:4:in `require' 
G:/Rails/learn_rails/bin/rails:4:in `<top (required)>' 
-e:1:in `load' 
-e:1:in `<main>' 
ArgumentError: Table 'order_items' has no foreign key for {:to_table=>"orders"} 
G:/Rails/learn_rails/db/migrate/20170222035809_move_order_items_under_restaurant_orders.rb:3:in `change' 
G:/Rails/learn_rails/bin/rails:4:in `require' 
G:/Rails/learn_rails/bin/rails:4:in `<top (required)>' 
-e:1:in `load' 
-e:1:in `<main>' 
Tasks: TOP => db:migrate 
(See full trace by running task with --trace) 

My order_items table does have order_id column (and it is indexed) and I do have orders table, but then why isn't rails finding the column order_id and dropping it?

我暂时解决它

remove_index :order_items, :order_id 
remove_column :order_items, : order_id 

但我做什么，如果我必须迁移下来add_reference？

Answer 1

order_items表具有order_id列和和索引index_order_items_on_order_id。

但它没有外键作为错误明确表示。

在数据库中进行交叉检查（如果存在），如图所示（有许多工具可用）。外键是在形式fk_rails_hash

在我的情况下，外键的不当导出转储过程中丢失，当我进口的sql_dump和迁移我的数据，这个数据库的，他们不在场，尽管指数和专栏都保留了下来。

解决方案：

• 删除列，并添加引用正确的方式

  remove_index :order_items, :order_id 
  remove_column :order_items, :order_id 
  add_reference :order_items, :order, foreign_key: true 
  
  # or add only the foreign the key constraint 
  # i'm afraid it I would miss anything else doing so 
  

• 最佳的解决方案，如果有这么多的外键在轨道上失踪

  # instead of whole sql_dump 
  # export only the data 
  
  rails db:migrate:reset 
  
  # import only the data making sure the insert 
  # happens in the right order as it may violate 
  # foreign_key constraints that are newly added