如何测试基于cmd的程序？

Question

Helo， 我写了一些使用cmd模块的程序。 （在CMD类提供用于写入面向行的命令解释一个简单的框架。）

我的程序是CLI来API。

我的问题是我现在无法测试它。

我可以运行：

# ./cli 
    CLI Interface 


    ------------ 
    Help may be requested at any point in a command by entering 
    a question mark '?'. If nothing matches, the help list will 
    be empty and you must backup until entering a '?' shows the 
    available options. 
    Two styles of help are provided: 
    1. Full help is available when you are ready to enter a 
     command argument (e.g. 'show ?') and describes each possible 
     argument. 
    2. Partial help is provided when an abbreviated argument is entered 
     and you want to know what arguments match the input 
     (e.g. 'show pr?'.) 

#role 
Current Roles 
rde: 
    - base functionality 
test: 
    - Test 
#quit 
Exiting... 

如果我写的测试，如：

from cli import Cli 

class TestCliClass(unittest.TestCase): 
    def setUp(self): 
     self.cmdLine = Cli() 
    def test_role(self): 
     self.assertEqual("",self.cmdLine.do_role()) 
     #a=self.cmdLine.do_role() 
     #print a 
if __name__ == '__main__': 
    unittest.main() 

其结果将是：

test_cli.py 
----------------------------- 
current logs in /var/log/test_rdepyui.log 
----------------------------- 
Current Roles 
rde: 
    - base functionality 
test: 
    - Test 
F 
====================================================================== 
FAIL: test_role (__main__.TestCliClass) 
---------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "tests/test_cli.py", line 23, in test_role 
    self.assertEqual("",self.cmdLine.do_role()) 
AssertionError: '' != None 

---------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Ran 1 test in 0.040s 

FAILED (failures=1) 

    import sys 
    import os 
    from cmd import Cmd 
    USING_READLINE = True 

    class Cli(Cmd,object): 
    def __init__(self): 
     Cmd.__init__(self) 
     if not USING_READLINE: 
      self.completekey = None 
     self._hist=[] 
     self.prompt = "#" 
     self.intro = """ CLI Interface """ 
    def default(self, line): 
     cmd, arg, line = self.parseline(line) 
     cmds = self.completenames(cmd) 
     num_cmds = len(cmds) 
     if num_cmds == 1: 
      getattr(self, 'do_'+cmds[0])(arg) 
     elif num_cmds > 1: 
      sys.stdout.write('%% Ambiguous command:\t"%s"\n' % cmd) 
     else: 
      sys.stdout.write('% Unrecognized command\n') 
    def emptyline(self): 
     pass 

def do_role(self,args=None): 
     try:    
      if args is None or args == 'show' or args.startswith('show') or args =='': 
       roles = self.rderole.getRole() 
       print "Current Roles" 
       output="" 
       #max_l=0 
       for role in roles: 

        role_str="%s:" % (role) 
        output +=role_str+"\n" 
        #if len(role_str)>max_l: 
        # max_l=len(role_str) 
        description="" 
        for subroles in roles[role]: 
         print subroles     
         if self.rderole.PLAYBOOK_DESCRIPTION in subroles: 
          description=subroles[self.rderole.PLAYBOOK_DESCRIPTION] 
          subrole_str=" - %s" % description 
          #if len(subrole_str)>max_l: 
          # max_l=len(subrole_str) 
          output +=subrole_str+"\n" 
          #print subrole_str 
          #subrole_str.ljust(len(role_str)) 
          #print subrole_str 
       print output.strip() 
      elif args == 'help' : 
       Cmd.do_help(self, "role") 
     except Exception as e: 
      print "<ERROR>Can't show role: %s" % e 
    if __name__ == '__main__': 
     cmdLine = Cli() 
     cmdLine.cmdloop() 

Answer 1

您使用Python unittest包：

import unittest 

from mymodule import Cli 

class MyTest(unittest.TestCase): 

    def test_cli(self): 
     cli = Cli() 
     cli.do_foofail() # foofail must return something sensible which you can check with self.assertXXX() methods