数据库错误与Rails测试

Question

我试图学习Rails，并遇到一些问题，我不明白。我从Hartl的书开始，看着这个错误信息，看起来像是我为此做了些什么。

现在我正在一个新项目中，当我尝试对我的路线文件运行测试时，我得到了这个。

1) Error: 
test_that_/login_route_opens_the_login_page(CursomRoutesTest): 
ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid: Could not find table 'statuses' 
/Users/TomEllis/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@rails3tutorial2ndEd/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite_adapter.rb:472:in `table_structure' 
/Users/TomEllis/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@rails3tutorial2ndEd/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite_adapter.rb:346:in `columns' 
/Users/TomEllis/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@rails3tutorial2ndEd/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:660:in `column_names' 
/Users/TomEllis/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@rails3tutorial2ndEd/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:652:in `timestamp_column_names' 
/Users/TomEllis/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@rails3tutorial2ndEd/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:585:in `block in table_rows' 
/Users/TomEllis/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@rails3tutorial2ndEd/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:579:in `each' 
/Users/TomEllis/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@rails3tutorial2ndEd/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:579:in `map' 
/Users/TomEllis/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@rails3tutorial2ndEd/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:579:in `table_rows' 
/Users/TomEllis/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@rails3tutorial2ndEd/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:494:in `block (3 levels) in create_fixtures' 
/Users/TomEllis/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@rails3tutorial2ndEd/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:492:in `each' 
/Users/TomEllis/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@rails3tutorial2ndEd/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:492:in `block (2 levels) in create_fixtures' 
/Users/TomEllis/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@rails3tutorial2ndEd/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:192:in `transaction' 
/Users/TomEllis/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@rails3tutorial2ndEd/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:491:in `block in create_fixtures' 
/Users/TomEllis/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@rails3tutorial2ndEd/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb:168:in `disable_referential_integrity' 
/Users/TomEllis/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@rails3tutorial2ndEd/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:476:in `create_fixtures' 
/Users/TomEllis/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@rails3tutorial2ndEd/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:895:in `load_fixtures' 
/Users/TomEllis/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@rails3tutorial2ndEd/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:849:in `setup_fixtures' 
/Users/TomEllis/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@rails3tutorial2ndEd/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:418:in `_run__3689392786993953837__setup__3124079788890242138__callbacks' 
/Users/TomEllis/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@rails3tutorial2ndEd/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:405:in `__run_callback' 
/Users/TomEllis/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@rails3tutorial2ndEd/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:385:in `_run_setup_callbacks' 
/Users/TomEllis/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@rails3tutorial2ndEd/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:81:in `run_callbacks' 
/Users/TomEllis/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@rails3tutorial2ndEd/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/testing/setup_and_teardown.rb:35:in `run' 

1 tests, 0 assertions, 0 failures, 1 errors, 0 skips 

Answer 1

您可能还没有运行rake任务来准备测试数据库：

bundle exec rake db:test:prepare 

Answer 2

bundle exec rake db:test:clone

Answer 3

我也是一个Rails的新手，我遇到了一个非常类似的问题（工作在不同的项目上，但得到Hartl的错误）。在仔细研究了我的脑海和Google搜索之后，我相信我发现了整体问题和解决方案。

不过，任何人都可以解释什么对rails3tutorial的引用是在宝石中，以及如何删除它？

当我们开始轨道教程，哈特尔劝我们运行下面的命令：

$ rvm use 1.9.3@rails3tutorial2ndEd --create --default 
Using /Users/mhartl/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3 with gemset rails3tutorial2ndEd 

（http://ruby.railstutorial.org/ruby-on-rails-tutorial-book?version=3.2#sec-install_rubygems）

结果？

...任何时候我们打开一个新的终端窗口1.9.3@rails3tutorial2ndEd Ruby/gemset组合会被自动选中。

我解决了这个问题通过运行：

rvm use 1.9.3-p484 --default 

（http://rvm.io/gemsets/using）

这使得 “常规” 宝石我们默认的宝石（相对于我们的定制哈特教程宝石）。我很确定“常规宝石”是一个错误的术语，但我仍处于初级阶段，所以我向所有了解正确术语的人道歉。我希望这有助于！