1
在Rails 3.2.13应用程序中，我正在编写一个名为Business的模型。由于这种模式越来越胖，我决定把它一分为二，提取与可用性到一个名为Availability一个Rails关心的所有代码，保存在models/concerns/businessNameError：尝试执行rails测试时未初始化的常量
class Business
module Availability
extend ActiveSupport::Concern
AVAILABILITY_OPEN = 1
AVAILABILITY_CLOSED = -1
AVAILABILITY_COMPLETE = -2
...
由于涉及默认情况下不Rails中启用，我已经把下面的行config/application.rb，以自动加载它们：
config.autoload_paths += %W(#{config.root}/app/models/concerns)
的问题是，拆分后，我所有的测试都停止了工作，返回NameError: uninitialized constant Availability错误。我想我需要在我的测试中以某种方式要求这个问题，但是我还没有设法做到这一点，而且我也不明白为什么这个问题即使在没有使用它的测试中也是需要的。
以下是运行测试后的堆栈跟踪返回：
NameError: uninitialized constant Availability
(erb):9:in `<main>'
/home/sergio/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/erb.rb:849:in `eval'
/home/sergio/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/erb.rb:849:in `result'
/home/sergio/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures/file.rb:51:in `render'
/home/sergio/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures/file.rb:43:in `rows'
/home/sergio/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures/file.rb:29:in `each'
/home/sergio/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:670:in `block (2 levels) in read_fixture_files'
/home/sergio/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures/file.rb:20:in `open'
/home/sergio/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:669:in `block in read_fixture_files'
/home/sergio/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:668:in `each'
/home/sergio/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:668:in `read_fixture_files'
/home/sergio/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:548:in `initialize'
/home/sergio/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:482:in `new'
/home/sergio/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:482:in `block (2 levels) in create_fixtures'
/home/sergio/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:479:in `map'
/home/sergio/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:479:in `block in create_fixtures'
/home/sergio/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb:232:in `disable_referential_integrity'
/home/sergio/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:476:in `create_fixtures'
/home/sergio/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:895:in `load_fixtures'
/home/sergio/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb:849:in `setup_fixtures'
/home/sergio/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:407:in `_run__871072887135343583__setup__3260066542044458782__callbacks'
/home/sergio/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:405:in `__run_callback'
/home/sergio/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:385:in `_run_setup_callbacks'
/home/sergio/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:81:in `run_callbacks'
/home/sergio/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/testing/setup_and_teardown.rb:35:in `run'
/home/sergio/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/minitest/unit.rb:919:in `block in _run_suite'
/home/sergio/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/minitest/unit.rb:912:in `map'
/home/sergio/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/minitest/unit.rb:912:in `_run_suite'
/home/sergio/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/test/unit.rb:657:in `block in _run_suites'
/home/sergio/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/test/unit.rb:655:in `each'
/home/sergio/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/test/unit.rb:655:in `_run_suites'
/home/sergio/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/minitest/unit.rb:867:in `_run_anything'
/home/sergio/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/minitest/unit.rb:1060:in `run_tests'
/home/sergio/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/minitest/unit.rb:1047:in `block in _run'
/home/sergio/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/minitest/unit.rb:1046:in `each'
/home/sergio/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/minitest/unit.rb:1046:in `_run'
/home/sergio/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/minitest/unit.rb:1035:in `run'
/home/sergio/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/test/unit.rb:21:in `run'
/home/sergio/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/test/unit.rb:774:in `run'
/home/sergio/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/test/unit.rb:366:in `block (2 levels) in autorun'
/home/sergio/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/test/unit.rb:27:in `run_once'
/home/sergio/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/test/unit.rb:365:in `block in autorun'
UPDATE
这是类Business的摘录，其中包括Availability关注：
class Business < ActiveRecord::Base
include Availability
include EmailVirtualAttribute
include TelephoneVirtualAttribute
belongs_to :place
has_many :businesses_users
has_many :users, :through => :businesses_users, :uniq => true
has_many :customers, :inverse_of => :business, :dependent => :destroy
has_many :emails, :as => :contactable, :class_name => 'Email'
has_many :telephones, :as => :contactable, :class_name => 'Telephone'
...
开发/测试配置是标准配置，没有变化hav Ë已经取得
test.rb
Rendezvous::Application.configure do
# Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb
# The test environment is used exclusively to run your application's
# test suite. You never need to work with it otherwise. Remember that
# your test database is "scratch space" for the test suite and is wiped
# and recreated between test runs. Don't rely on the data there!
config.cache_classes = true
# Configure static asset server for tests with Cache-Control for performance
config.serve_static_assets = true
config.static_cache_control = "public, max-age=3600"
# Log error messages when you accidentally call methods on nil
config.whiny_nils = true
# Show full error reports and disable caching
config.consider_all_requests_local = true
config.action_controller.perform_caching = false
# Raise exceptions instead of rendering exception templates
config.action_dispatch.show_exceptions = false
# Disable request forgery protection in test environment
config.action_controller.allow_forgery_protection = false
# Tell Action Mailer not to deliver emails to the real world.
# The :test delivery method accumulates sent emails in the
# ActionMailer::Base.deliveries array.
config.action_mailer.delivery_method = :test
# Raise exception on mass assignment protection for Active Record models
config.active_record.mass_assignment_sanitizer = :strict
# Print deprecation notices to the stderr
config.active_support.deprecation = :stderr
end
development.rb
Rendezvous::Application.configure do
# Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb
# In the development environment your application's code is reloaded on
# every request. This slows down response time but is perfect for development
# since you don't have to restart the web server when you make code changes.
config.cache_classes = false
# Log error messages when you accidentally call methods on nil.
config.whiny_nils = true
# Show full error reports and disable caching
config.consider_all_requests_local = true
config.action_controller.perform_caching = false
# Don't care if the mailer can't send
config.action_mailer.raise_delivery_errors = false
# Print deprecation notices to the Rails logger
config.active_support.deprecation = :log
# Only use best-standards-support built into browsers
config.action_dispatch.best_standards_support = :builtin
# Raise exception on mass assignment protection for Active Record models
config.active_record.mass_assignment_sanitizer = :strict
# Log the query plan for queries taking more than this (works
# with SQLite, MySQL, and PostgreSQL)
config.active_record.auto_explain_threshold_in_seconds = 0.5
# Do not compress assets
config.assets.compress = false
# Expands the lines which load the assets
config.assets.debug = true
end
更新2
看来，在执行测试时发生错误是由灯具造成的。如果我对fixtures :all加载test_helper.rb发表评论，并创建一个简单的测试，只是声明为真，则此测试通过，但不会在加载固件时出现。
谢谢你的回答Lichtamberg，不幸的是它不断返回相同的错误。有任何想法吗？ – Sergio
请展示您的模型类 – Lichtamberg
Lichtamberg，我已经更新了与'business'类的相关部分相关的问题。告诉我你是否需要更多东西。 – Sergio