解析XML到列表中

Question

我有一个相当详细的XML我已经能够解析它的大部分，但即时通过一棵树，只是让我难倒，害怕我正在努力，然后它需要。 这里是我所指的XML。

<Codes> 
      <CustomFieldValueSet name="Account" label="Account" distributionType="PercentOfPrice"> 
       <CustomFieldValue distributionValue="10.00" splitindex="0"> 
        <Value>7200</Value> 
        <Description>General Supplies</Description> 
       </CustomFieldValue> 
       <CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="1"> 
        <Value>7200</Value> 
        <Description>General Supplies</Description> 
       </CustomFieldValue> 
       <CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="2"> 
        <Value>7200</Value> 
        <Description>General Supplies</Description> 
       </CustomFieldValue> 
      </CustomFieldValueSet> 
      <CustomFieldValueSet name="Activity" label="Activity" distributionType="PercentOfPrice" /> 
      <CustomFieldValueSet name="Chart" label="Chart" distributionType="PercentOfPrice"> 
       <CustomFieldValue distributionValue="10.00" splitindex="0"> 
        <Value>T</Value> 
        <Description>University</Description> 
       </CustomFieldValue> 
       <CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="1"> 
        <Value>T</Value> 
        <Description>University</Description> 
       </CustomFieldValue> 
       <CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="2"> 
        <Value>T</Value> 
        <Description>University</Description> 
       </CustomFieldValue> 
      </CustomFieldValueSet> 
      <CustomFieldValueSet name="Fund" label="Fund" distributionType="PercentOfPrice"> 
       <CustomFieldValue distributionValue="10.00" splitindex="0"> 
        <Value>360806</Value> 
        <Description>National Institutes of Health</Description> 
       </CustomFieldValue> 
       <CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="1"> 
        <Value>360903</Value> 
        <Description>National Institutes of Health</Description> 
       </CustomFieldValue> 
       <CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="2"> 
        <Value>360957</Value> 
        <Description>National Institutes of Health</Description> 
       </CustomFieldValue> 
      </CustomFieldValueSet> 
      <CustomFieldValueSet name="Program" label="Program" distributionType="PercentOfPrice"> 
       <CustomFieldValue distributionValue="10.00" splitindex="0"> 
        <Value>02</Value> 
        <Description>Research</Description> 
       </CustomFieldValue> 
       <CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="1"> 
        <Value>02</Value> 
        <Description>Research</Description> 
       </CustomFieldValue> 
       <CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="2"> 
        <Value>02</Value> 
        <Description>Research</Description> 
       </CustomFieldValue> 
      </CustomFieldValueSet> 
      <CustomFieldValueSet name="Location" label="Location" distributionType="PercentOfPrice"> 
       <CustomFieldValue distributionValue="10.00" splitindex="0"> 
        <Value>015</Value> 
        <Description>Biology - Life Science</Description> 
       </CustomFieldValue> 
       <CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="1"> 
        <Value>015</Value> 
        <Description>Biology - Life Science</Description> 
       </CustomFieldValue> 
       <CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="2"> 
        <Value>015</Value> 
        <Description>Biology - Life Science</Description> 
       </CustomFieldValue> 
      </CustomFieldValueSet> 
      <CustomFieldValueSet name="Organization" label="Organization" distributionType="PercentOfPrice"> 
       <CustomFieldValue distributionValue="10.00" splitindex="0"> 
        <Value>04400</Value> 
        <Description>TUSM:Neuroscience</Description> 
       </CustomFieldValue> 
       <CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="1"> 
        <Value>04400</Value> 
        <Description>TUSM:Neuroscience</Description> 
       </CustomFieldValue> 
       <CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="2"> 
        <Value>04400</Value> 
        <Description>TUSM:Neuroscience</Description> 
       </CustomFieldValue> 
      </CustomFieldValueSet> 
     </Codes> 

我想结束一个列表将看起来像这样。

Account distributionType Activity distributionValue Fund 
7200  PercentOfPrice  ""  10     360806 
7200  PercentOfPrice  ""  45     360903 
7200  PercentOfPrice  ""  45     360957 

等等

我写的代码看起来是这样的。这是一个片段。介意你我认为我已经完成了这一切。

if (tagName == "Codes") 
           { 
            // Create another reader that contains just the accounting elements. 
            XmlReader inner = reader.ReadSubtree(); 
            //inner.ReadToDescendant("Codes"); 
            //printOutXML(inner); 
            while (inner.Read()) 
            { 
             switch (inner.NodeType) 
             {  
              //walk down the xml hiearchy then simply fill in the values. 
              case XmlNodeType.Element: 

               switch (reader.Name) 
               { 
                case "CustomFieldValueSet": 
                 //get the attribute that we are currently working with such as account and 
                 innerTagName=inner.GetAttribute("name"); 

                 // activity and location can potentially be blank therefore i will check here if it is 
                 //and if it is i will immediate assign the activity list a set of empty quotes. 
                 if (innerTagName == "Activity") 
                 { 
                  if (inner.IsEmptyElement) 
                  { //quickly put fillers in . 
                   for (int i = 0; i < thisInvoice.account.Count; i++) 
                   { 
                    thisInvoice.activity.Add(""); 
                   } 
                  }   
                 } 

                 if (innerTagName == "Location") 
                 { 
                  if (inner.IsEmptyElement) 
                  { //quickly put fillers in . 
                   for (int i = 0; i < thisInvoice.account.Count; i++) 
                   { 
                    thisInvoice.location.Add(""); 
                   } 
                   //thisInvoice.activity.Add(""); 
                  } 
                 } 

                 if (null == inner.GetAttribute("distributionType")) 
                 { 
                  distType = null; 
                 } 
                 else if 
                 (distributionSwitch == false) 
                 { 
                  thisInvoice.distributionType.Add(inner.GetAttribute("distributionType") ?? ""); 
                  distType = inner.GetAttribute("distributionType") ?? ""; 
                 } 
                 //Console.WriteLine(inner.Value); 
                 //Console.WriteLine(inner.Name); 
                 break; 

                case "CustomFieldValue": 
                 if(null == inner.GetAttribute("distributionValue")) 
                 //thisInvoice.distributionValue.Add(inner.GetAttribute("distributionValue") ?? ""); 
                 {/*do nothing*/} 
                else if 
                 (distributionSwitch == false) 
                 { 
                  thisInvoice.distributionValue.Add(inner.GetAttribute("distributionValue") ?? ""); 
                 } 
                 //check the length of the current distribution if the lenght is less than the curren distribution value 
                 // then we must then add the values to the new location. 
                 if (thisInvoice.distributionValue.Count > thisInvoice.distributionType.Count) 
                 { 
                  for (int i = 0; i < thisInvoice.distributionValue.Count - thisInvoice.distributionType.Count; i++) 
                  { 
                   thisInvoice.distributionType.Add(distType); 
                  } 



                 } 

                 break; 

                case "Value": 
                 // XmlNodeType.Text 
                 if (innerTagName == "Account"/*&& inner.NodeType ==XmlNodeType.Text*/) 
                 { 
                  inner.MoveToContent();// move to the text 
                  inner.Read(); 
                  thisInvoice.account.Add(inner.Value); 
                 } 


                 if (innerTagName == "Activity") 
                 { 
                  // activitiy is not a mandartory field so it could be empty therefore we need 
                  // to check if its a self closing tag and if it is then we need to assign and 
                  if (inner.IsEmptyElement) 
                  { 
                   thisInvoice.activity.Add(""); 
                  } 
                  else 
                  { 
                   inner.MoveToContent();// move to the text 
                   inner.Read(); 
                   thisInvoice.activity.Add(inner.Value); 
                  } 
                 } 

                 if (innerTagName == "Location") 
                 { 
                  if (inner.IsEmptyElement) 
                  { 
                   thisInvoice.location.Add(""); 
                  } 
                  else 
                  { 
                   inner.MoveToContent();// move to the text 
                   inner.Read(); 
                   thisInvoice.location.Add(inner.Value); 
                  } 
                 } 

                 if (innerTagName == "Fund") 
                 { 
                  inner.MoveToContent();// move to the text 
                  inner.Read(); 
                  thisInvoice.fund.Add(inner.Value); 
                 } 

                 if (innerTagName == "Organization") 
                 { 
                  inner.MoveToContent();// move to the text 
                  inner.Read(); 
                  thisInvoice.org.Add(inner.Value); 
                 } 

                 if (innerTagName == "Program") 
                 { 
                  inner.MoveToContent();// move to the text 
                  inner.Read(); 
                  thisInvoice.prog.Add(inner.Value); 
                 } 

                 break; 



               }//end switch 
               break;//brake the outside case. 
              case XmlNodeType.EndElement: 
               if (inner.Name == "CustomFieldValueSet" || inner.Value == "CustomFieldValueSet") 
               { 
                distributionSwitch = true; 
                Console.WriteLine(reader.Value); 
                Console.WriteLine(reader.Name); 
               } 
               if (inner.Name == "Codes") 
               { 
                distributionSwitch = false; 
                distType = null; 
                inner.Close(); 
               } 

               break; 
             }//end switch 
            }//end while 
           }//end the if; 

在标签distributionType我需要做的名单长度只要在列表帐户，换句话说，一旦我有它的一个变量，我需要用它作为填充物，使的情况下，分配类型列表与账户列表一样大。 我无法想象有没有更简单的方法来做到这一点我一直在看linq到XML，但它没有多大意义。我很想听听你们中的一些专家如何解决这个问题。我试图用少一点的代码来组合一个优雅的解决方案。 任何帮助将不胜感激。

Answer 1

如注释部分所述，Mihai使用LINQ to XML的解决方案的替代方法，您还可以使用预定义的类结构将XML反序列化为类型化的类和属性。

这样做的好处是，你会再有一个对象，它是你的XML的表示（以及希望），让你更容易地与那是XML

内与所提供的XML数据工作样品和使用编辑 - >选择性粘贴 - >粘贴XML作为类在Visual Studio菜单选项，你会得到类似下面的一个类结构（这个已经细化了一下，方便阅读）

using System.Xml.Serialization; 

[XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true)] 
[XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = false)] 
public partial class Codes 
{ 
    [XmlElementAttribute("CustomFieldValueSet")] 
    public List<CodesCustomFieldValueSet> CustomFieldValueSet { get; set; } 
} 

[XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true)] 
public partial class CodesCustomFieldValueSet 
{ 
    [XmlElementAttribute("CustomFieldValue")] 
    public List<CodesCustomFieldValueSetCustomFieldValue> CustomFieldValue { get; set; } 

    [XmlAttributeAttribute(AttributeName="name")] 
    public string Name { get; set; } 

    [XmlAttributeAttribute(AttributeName = "label")] 
    public string Label { get; set; } 

    [XmlAttributeAttribute(AttributeName = "distributionType")] 
    public string DistributionType { get; set; } 
} 

[XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true)] 
public partial class CodesCustomFieldValueSetCustomFieldValue 
{ 
    public string Value { get; set; } 

    public string Description { get; set; } 

    [XmlAttributeAttribute(AttributeName = "distributionValue")] 
    public decimal DistributionValue { get; set; } 

    [XmlAttributeAttribute(AttributeName = "splitindex")] 
    public byte SplitIndex { get; set; } 
} 

有了这个类的结构，你就能够用下面的线反序列化XML
（其中txtInput.Text是我用来装样本XML数据的文本框）

XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Codes)); 
Codes codesInput = serializer.Deserialize(new StringReader(txtInput.Text)) as Codes; 

if (codesInput != null) 
{ 
    // Do something with the data 
} 

注：
从您希望的输出以及您提供的示例XML的结构，将需要您将反序列化对象中的信息转换为您想要的内容/方式，因为我建议创建一个额外的类结构，并将其与List<T>，以保存你所设计的所有信息红色输出。

更妙的是，如果你控制了XML的结构，可以构建它在一个更好的方式，使之更加自明比它目前，它似乎每CustomFieldValueSet之间的联系是splitindex，这是子节点的一个属性，这使得它变得非常复杂。

对XML序列化延伸阅读：
MSDN: Introducing XML Serialization
The XmlSerializer Class

Answer 2

您可以使用Linq to XML。

using System.Xml; 
using System.Xml.Linq; 

static void Main(string[] args) { 

// This txt file contains your xml. 
var xml_sample = File.ReadAllText("xml_sample.txt"); 
var doc = XDocument.Parse(xml_sample); 

// Get all <CustomFieldValueSet> that have the label attribute `Account` 
var accounts = from item in doc.Descendants("Codes").Descendants("CustomFieldValueSet") 
       where (item.HasAttributes) && 
        (item.Attribute("label").Value == "Account") 
       select item; 

// Create an anonymous type containing the value of the 
// distributionValue attribute and the <Value> node. 
var accountValue = from el in accounts.Descendants("CustomFieldValue") 
        let distAttribute = el.Attribute("distributionValue") 
        select new 
        { 
         distValue = distAttribute != null ? distAttribute.Value : "0", 
         value = el.Descendants("Value").First().Value, 
        }; 

// Display stuff here just to make sure we got it right. 
accounts.ToList().ForEach(el => 
    Console.WriteLine(el.Name + " " + el.Attribute("distributionType").Value)); 

accountValue.ToList().ForEach(el => 
    Console.WriteLine(el.distValue + ":"+ el.value)); 
} 

您应该能够根据需要使用这些想法来解析您的XML文件。