Excel将列转换为行

Question

我有一个大的Excel工作表（大约150列x 7000行，每天都在增长），但需要以更好的方式提取信息。 我无权访问数据库软件，只有Excel。 我已经设法得到我想要使用普通公式的结果，但文件大小几乎为100mB（从原来的4mB增加）并且不可行 - 它太慢了。 我创建了一个只能部分解决问题的数据透视表。 我是VBA的新手，所以我在这里尝试了几个例子来尝试学习，但现在大多数对我来说都太复杂了。 理论上，“Convert row with columns of data into column with multiple rows in Excel”似乎部分解决了我的问题，但我无法让它运行！虽然我可以看到模块中的代码，但当按下运行按钮时，它不会出现在宏列表中。 这里是我开始与 -

Name1 Name2 Location Subject1 Subject2 Subject3 
Fred Jones England  Spanish  Maths  English 
Peter Brown Germany  English  (empty)  Maths 
Erik Strong Sweden  Chemistry English  Biology 

需要的结果 -

Name1 Name2 Location No.   Type  
Fred Jones England  Subject1 Spanish 
Fred Jones England  Subject2 Maths 
Fred Jones England  Subject3 English 
Peter Brown Germany  Subject1 English 
Peter Brown Germany  Subject3 Maths 
Erik Strong Sweden  Subject1 Chemistry 
Erik Strong Sweden  Subject2 English 
Erik Strong Sweden  Subject3 Biology 

谁能帮助吗？谢谢！

Answer 1

您可以使用带有和不带VBA的转置功能。这里我只是把一起代码：

Sub test() 
lastRow = ActiveSheet.Range("A" & Rows.Count).End(xlUp).Row 
lastColumn = ActiveSheet.Range("A1").SpecialCells(xlCellTypeLastCell).Column 
Dim rng As Range 
With Sheets("Sheet2")     ' the destination sheet 
Set rng = .Range(.Cells(1, 1), .Cells(lastColumn, lastRow)) 
End With 
rng.Value = _ 
Application.Transpose(ActiveSheet.Range(Cells(1, 1), Cells(lastRow, lastColumn))) 
End Sub 

Answer 2

我想分享一个脚本，我经常使用。当您想要在单独的行上进行每个事务，事件等时，在单行上有多个事务，事件等时使用它。它需要包含相同数据类型的列（例如Subject1，Subject2，Subject3 ...），并且需要将它们合并到多行中的一列（例如Subject）中。

换句话说，你的数据，看起来像这样：

Name Location Subject1 Subject2 Subject3 

看起来就像这样：

Name Location Subject1 
Name Location Subject2 
Name Location Subject3 

此脚本假定您的固定列（S）在左边和列合并（并分成多行）在右侧。我希望这有帮助！

Option Explicit 

Sub MatrixConverter2_2() 

' Macro created 11/16/2005 by Peter T Oboyski (updated 8/24/2006) 
' 
' *** Substantial changes made by Chris Brackett (updated 8/3/2016) *** 
' 
' You are welcome to redistribute this macro, but if you make substantial 
' changes to it, please indicate so in this section along with your name. 
' This Macro converts matrix-type spreadsheets (eg. plot x species data) into column data 
' The new (converted) spreadsheet name is "DB of 'name of active spreadsheet'" 
' The conversion allows for multiple header rows and columns. 

'-------------------------------------------------- 
' This section declares variables for use in the script 

Dim book, head, cels, mtrx, dbase, v, UserReady, columnsToCombine, RowName, DefaultRowName, DefaultColName1, DefaultColName2, ColName As String 
Dim defaultHeaderRows, defaultHeaderColumns, c, r, selectionCols, ro, col, newro, newcol, rotot, coltot, all, rowz, colz, tot As Long 
Dim headers(100) As Variant 
Dim dun As Boolean 


'-------------------------------------------------- 
' This section sets the script defaults 

defaultHeaderRows = 1 
defaultHeaderColumns = 2 

DefaultRowName = "Activity" 

'-------------------------------------------------- 
' This section asks about data types, row headers, and column headers 

UserReady = MsgBox("Have you selected the entire data set (not the column headers) to be converted?", vbYesNoCancel) 
If UserReady = vbNo Or UserReady = vbCancel Then GoTo EndMatrixMacro 

all = MsgBox("Exclude zeros and empty cells?", vbYesNoCancel) 
If all = vbCancel Then GoTo EndMatrixMacro 


' UN-COMMENT THIS SECTION TO ALLOW FOR MULTIPLE HEADER ROWS 
rowz = 1 
' rowz = InputBox("How many HEADER ROWS?" & vbNewLine & vbNewLine & "(Usually 1)", "Header Rows & Columns", defaultHeaderRows) 
' If rowz = vbNullString Then GoTo EndMatrixMacro 

colz = InputBox("How many HEADER COLUMNS?" & vbNewLine & vbNewLine & "(These are the columns on the left side of your data set to preserve as is.)", "Header Rows & Columns", defaultHeaderColumns) 
If colz = vbNullString Then GoTo EndMatrixMacro 


'-------------------------------------------------- 
' This section allows the user to provide field (column) names for the new spreadsheet 

selectionCols = Selection.Columns.Count ' get the number of columns in the selection 
For r = 1 To selectionCols 
    headers(r) = Selection.Cells(1, r).Offset(rowOffset:=-1, columnOffset:=0).Value ' save the column headers to use as defaults for user provided names 
Next r 

colz = colz * 1 
columnsToCombine = "'" & Selection.Cells(1, colz + 1).Offset(rowOffset:=-1, columnOffset:=0).Value & "' to '" & Selection.Cells(1, selectionCols).Offset(rowOffset:=-1, columnOffset:=0).Value & "'" 

Dim Arr(20) As Variant 
newcol = 1 
For r = 1 To rowz 
    If r = 1 Then RowName = DefaultRowName 
    Arr(newcol) = InputBox("Field name for the fields/columns to be combined" & vbNewLine & vbNewLine & columnsToCombine, , RowName) 
    If Arr(newcol) = vbNullString Then GoTo EndMatrixMacro 
    newcol = newcol + 1 
Next 
For c = 1 To colz 
    ColName = headers(c) 
    Arr(newcol) = InputBox("Field name for column " & c, , ColName) 
    If Arr(newcol) = vbNullString Then GoTo EndMatrixMacro 
    newcol = newcol + 1 
Next 
Arr(newcol) = "Data" 
v = newcol 

'-------------------------------------------------- 
' This section creates the new spreadsheet, names it, and color codes the new worksheet tab 

mtrx = ActiveSheet.Name 
Sheets.Add After:=ActiveSheet 
dbase = "DB of " & mtrx 

'-------------------------------------------------- 
' If the proposed worksheet name is longer than 28 characters, truncate it to 29 characters. 
    If Len(dbase) > 28 Then dbase = Left(dbase, 28) 


'-------------------------------------------------- 
' This section checks if the proposed worksheet name 
' already exists and appends adds a sequential number 
' to the name 
    Dim sheetExists As Variant 
    Dim Sheet As Worksheet 
    Dim iName As Integer 

    Dim dbaseOld As String 
    dbaseOld = dbase ' save the original proposed name of the new worksheet 

    iName = 0 

    sheetExists = False 
CheckWorksheetNames: 

    For Each Sheet In Worksheets ' loop through every worksheet in the workbook 
     If dbase = Sheet.Name Then 
      sheetExists = True 
      iName = iName + 1 
      dbase = Left(dbase, Len(dbase) - 1) & " " & iName 
      GoTo CheckWorksheetNames 
      ' Exit For 
     End If 
    Next Sheet 


'-------------------------------------------------- 
' This section notify the user if the proposed 
' worksheet name is already being used and the new 
' worksheet was given an alternate name 

    If sheetExists = True Then 
     MsgBox "The worksheet '" & dbaseOld & "' already exists. Renaming to '" & dbase & "'." 
    End If 


'-------------------------------------------------- 
' This section creates and names a new worksheet 
    On Error Resume Next 'Ignore errors 
     If Sheets("" & Range(dbase) & "") Is Nothing Then ' If the worksheet name doesn't exist 
      ActiveSheet.Name = dbase ' Rename newly created worksheet 
     Else 
      MsgBox "Cannot name the worksheet '" & dbase & "'. A worksheet with that name already exists." 
      GoTo EndMatrixMacro 
     End If 
    On Error GoTo 0   ' Resume normal error handling 

    Sheets(dbase).Tab.ColorIndex = 41 ' color the worksheet tab 


'-------------------------------------------------- 
' This section turns off screen and calculation updates so that the script 
' can run faster. Updates are turned back on at the end of the script. 
    Application.Calculation = xlCalculationManual 
    Application.ScreenUpdating = False 


'-------------------------------------------------- 
'This section determines how many rows and columns the matrix has 

dun = False 
rotot = rowz + 1 
Do 
    If (Sheets(mtrx).Cells(rotot, 1) > 0) Then 
     rotot = rotot + 1 
    Else 
     dun = True 
    End If 
Loop Until dun 
rotot = rotot - 1 

dun = False 
coltot = colz + 1 
Do 
    If (Sheets(mtrx).Cells(1, coltot) > 0) Then 
     coltot = coltot + 1 
    Else 
     dun = True 
    End If 
Loop Until dun 
coltot = coltot - 1 


'-------------------------------------------------- 
'This section writes the new field names to the new spreadsheet 

For newcol = 1 To v 
    Sheets(dbase).Cells(1, newcol) = Arr(newcol) 
Next 


'-------------------------------------------------- 
'This section actually does the conversion 

tot = 0 
newro = 2 
For col = (colz + 1) To coltot 
    For ro = (rowz + 1) To rotot 'the next line determines if data are nonzero 
     If ((Sheets(mtrx).Cells(ro, col) <> 0) Or (all <> 6)) Then 'DCB modified ">0" to be "<>0" to exclude blank and zero cells 
      tot = tot + 1 
      newcol = 1 
      For r = 1 To rowz   'the next line copies the row headers 
       Sheets(dbase).Cells(newro, newcol) = Sheets(mtrx).Cells(r, col) 
       newcol = newcol + 1 
      Next 
      For c = 1 To colz   'the next line copies the column headers 
       Sheets(dbase).Cells(newro, newcol) = Sheets(mtrx).Cells(ro, c) 
       newcol = newcol + 1 
      Next        'the next line copies the data 
      Sheets(dbase).Cells(newro, newcol) = Sheets(mtrx).Cells(ro, col) 
      newro = newro + 1 
     End If 
    Next 
Next 


'-------------------------------------------------- 
'This section displays a message box with information about the conversion 

book = "Original matrix = " & ActiveWorkbook.Name & ": " & mtrx & Chr(10) 
head = "Matrix with " & rowz & " row headers and " & colz & " column headers" & Chr(10) 
cels = tot & " cells of " & ((rotot - rowz) * (coltot - colz)) & " with data" 


'-------------------------------------------------- 
' This section turns screen and calculation updates back ON. 
    Application.Calculation = xlCalculationAutomatic 
    Application.ScreenUpdating = True 


MsgBox (book & head & cels) 


'-------------------------------------------------- 
' This is an end point for the macro 

EndMatrixMacro: 

End Sub