获取控制台中的鼠标和键盘输入C++

Question

如何在windows C++控制台应用程序中获取鼠标和键盘输入？ 有没有我们可以注册的回调来获得输入？

另外使用ReadConsoleInput API是一个阻塞调用，所以为了不断获取输入并做后台任务，我需要使用线程。是否有任何非阻塞的APIS得到输入

Answer 1

看起来像PeekConsoleInput是非阻塞的，所以如果你想定期轮询你可以使用它，只有在知道有输入可用时调用ReadConsoleInput。 还有GetNumberOfConsoleInputEvents。

Answer 2

有GetAsyncKeyState，这是键盘和鼠标。

Answer 3

使用控制台自己的事件处理程序，键盘和鼠标 - ReadConsoleInput()

在这里阅读更多https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms685035(v=vs.85).aspx

#include <iostream> 
#include <stdio.h> 
#include <windows.h> 


HANDLE hStdin; 
DWORD fdwSaveOldMode; 

void ErrorExit(LPSTR); 
void KeyEventProc(KEY_EVENT_RECORD); 
void MouseEventProc(MOUSE_EVENT_RECORD); 
void ResizeEventProc(WINDOW_BUFFER_SIZE_RECORD); 
void GetMousePosWin(MOUSE_EVENT_RECORD); 
void gotoXY(int x, int y); 

HANDLE console = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE); 
COORD CursorPosition; 



int main() 
{ 
    DWORD cNumRead, fdwMode, i; 
    INPUT_RECORD irInBuf[128]; 
    int counter=0; 

    // Get the standard input handle. 

    hStdin = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE); 
    if (hStdin == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) 
     ErrorExit("GetStdHandle"); 

    // Save the current input mode, to be restored on exit. 

    if (! GetConsoleMode(hStdin, &fdwSaveOldMode)) 
     ErrorExit("GetConsoleMode"); 

    // Enable the window and mouse input events. 

    fdwMode = ENABLE_WINDOW_INPUT | ENABLE_MOUSE_INPUT; 
    if (! SetConsoleMode(hStdin, fdwMode)) 
     ErrorExit("SetConsoleMode"); 

    // Loop to read and handle the next 100 input events. 
    gotoXY(33,10); 
    std::cout << "\xDB Menu Item 1"; 
    gotoXY(33,12); 
    std::cout << "\xDB Menu Item 2"; 
    gotoXY(33,14); 
    std::cout << "\xDB Menu Item 3"; 
    gotoXY(33,16); 
    std::cout << "\xDB Quit"; 
    while (!counter)//++ <= 200) 
    { 
     // Wait for the events. 

     if (! ReadConsoleInput( 
      hStdin,  // input buffer handle 
      irInBuf,  // buffer to read into 
      128,   // size of read buffer 
      &cNumRead)) // number of records read 
      ErrorExit("ReadConsoleInput"); 

     // Dispatch the events to the appropriate handler. 

     for (i = 0; i < cNumRead; i++) 
     { 
      switch(irInBuf[i].EventType) 
      { 
      case KEY_EVENT: // keyboard input 
       KeyEventProc(irInBuf[i].Event.KeyEvent); 
       break; 

      case MOUSE_EVENT: // mouse input 
       MouseEventProc(irInBuf[i].Event.MouseEvent); 
       gotoXY(33,8); 
       GetMousePosWin(irInBuf[i].Event.MouseEvent); 
       break; 

      case WINDOW_BUFFER_SIZE_EVENT: // scrn buf. resizing 
       ResizeEventProc(irInBuf[i].Event.WindowBufferSizeEvent); 
       break; 

      case FOCUS_EVENT: // disregard focus events 

      case MENU_EVENT: // disregard menu events 
       break; 

      default: 
       ErrorExit("Unknown event type"); 
       break; 
      } 
     } 
    } 

    // Restore input mode on exit. 

    SetConsoleMode(hStdin, fdwSaveOldMode); 

    return 0; 
} 

VOID ErrorExit (LPSTR lpszMessage) 
{ 
    fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", lpszMessage); 

    // Restore input mode on exit. 

    SetConsoleMode(hStdin, fdwSaveOldMode); 

    ExitProcess(0); 
} 

VOID KeyEventProc(KEY_EVENT_RECORD ker) 
{ 
    printf("Key event: "); 

    if(ker.bKeyDown) 
     printf("key pressed"); 
    else printf("key released"); 
} 

VOID MouseEventProc(MOUSE_EVENT_RECORD mer) 
{ 
#ifndef MOUSE_HWHEELED 
#define MOUSE_HWHEELED 0x0008 
#endif 

    gotoXY(33,6); 
    printf("Mouse event:            "); 

    switch(mer.dwEventFlags) 
    { 

    case 0: 
     if(mer.dwButtonState == FROM_LEFT_1ST_BUTTON_PRESSED) 
     { 
      gotoXY(46,6); 
      printf("left button pressed"); 
     } 
     else if(mer.dwButtonState == RIGHTMOST_BUTTON_PRESSED) 
     { 
      gotoXY(46,6); 
      printf("right button pressed"); 
     } 
     else 
     { 
      gotoXY(46,6); 
      printf("button press"); 
     } 
     break; 
    case DOUBLE_CLICK: 
     gotoXY(46,6); 
     printf("double click"); 
     break; 
    case MOUSE_HWHEELED: 
     gotoXY(46,6); 
     printf("horizontal mouse wheel"); 
     break; 
    case MOUSE_MOVED: 
     gotoXY(46,6); 
     printf("mouse moved"); 
     //gotoXY(12,13); 
     //GetMousePosWin(); 
     break; 
    case MOUSE_WHEELED: 
     gotoXY(46,6); 
     printf("vertical mouse wheel"); 
     break; 
    default: 
     gotoXY(46,6); 
     printf("unknown"); 
     break; 
    } 

} 

// get Window pos through windows api 
void GetMousePosWin(MOUSE_EVENT_RECORD mer) 
{ 
    int x,y; 
    // creates the handle i need to use 
    //HANDLE OutputH; 
    INPUT_RECORD Inrec; 
    DWORD evRead; 
    HANDLE hStdIn; 
    DWORD dwMode; 
    bool Captured=false; 

    hStdIn = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE); 
    dwMode = ENABLE_WINDOW_INPUT | ENABLE_MOUSE_INPUT; 

    if(SetConsoleMode(hStdIn, dwMode | ENABLE_MOUSE_INPUT) == TRUE) 

     GetConsoleMode(hStdIn, &dwMode); 
     SetConsoleMode(hStdIn, (dwMode & (ENABLE_MOUSE_INPUT))); 

     // grab the handle to the console so i can use it 
     //OutputH = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE); 
     //printf("Strated"); //Debug line. 

     do 
     { 
      PeekConsoleInput(hStdIn, &Inrec, 1, &evRead); 

      if(evRead) 
      { 
       ReadConsoleInput(hStdIn, &Inrec, 1, &evRead); 
       x= Inrec.Event.MouseEvent.dwMousePosition.X ; 
       y= Inrec.Event.MouseEvent.dwMousePosition.Y ; 
       switch (Inrec.EventType) 
       { 

       case MOUSE_EVENT: 
        { 
         Captured = true; 
         gotoXY(33,8); 
         std::cout << "x-> " << x << " "; 
         gotoXY(43,8); 
         std::cout << "y-> " << y << " "; 
         break; 
        } 
       } 
      } 

     }while(!Captured); 

    if((x==33 && y==10) && mer.dwButtonState == FROM_LEFT_1ST_BUTTON_PRESSED) 
    { 
     gotoXY(47,10); 
     std::cout << "\xFB"; 
     gotoXY(33,21); 
     std::cout << "You picked menu one"; 
     Sleep(1200); 
     gotoXY(47,10); 
     std::cout << " "; 
     gotoXY(33,21); 
     std::cout << "     "; 
    } 
    if((x==33 && y==12) && mer.dwButtonState == FROM_LEFT_1ST_BUTTON_PRESSED) 
    { 
     gotoXY(47,12); 
     std::cout << "\xFB"; 
     gotoXY(33,21); 
     std::cout << "You picked menu two"; 
     Sleep(1200); 
     gotoXY(47,12); 
     std::cout << " "; 
     gotoXY(33,21); 
     std::cout << "     "; 
    } 
    if((x==33 && y==14) && mer.dwButtonState == FROM_LEFT_1ST_BUTTON_PRESSED) 
    { 
     gotoXY(47,14); 
     std::cout << "\xFB"; 
     gotoXY(33,21); 
     std::cout << "You picked menu three"; 
     Sleep(1200); 
     gotoXY(47,14); 
     std::cout << " "; 
     gotoXY(33,21); 
     std::cout << "      "; 
    } 
    if((x==33 && y==16) && mer.dwButtonState == FROM_LEFT_1ST_BUTTON_PRESSED) 
    { 
     gotoXY(40,16); 
     std::cout << "\xFB"; 
     gotoXY(33,21); 
     std::cout << "You picked Quit"; 
     Sleep(1200); 
     gotoXY(40,16); 
     std::cout << " "; 
     gotoXY(28,21); 
     exit(0); 
    } 
} 

VOID ResizeEventProc(WINDOW_BUFFER_SIZE_RECORD wbsr) 
{ 
    printf("Resize event\n"); 
    printf("Console screen buffer is %d columns by %d rows.\n", wbsr.dwSize.X, wbsr.dwSize.Y); 
} 

void gotoXY(int x, int y) 
{ 
    CursorPosition.X = x; 
    CursorPosition.Y = y; 
    SetConsoleCursorPosition(console,CursorPosition); 
}