如何在ASP.NET MVC Web应用程序中使用Ninject？

Question

我创建了一个新的MVC Web应用程序，并且引用了Ninject.dll，Ninject.Web.Common.dll和Ninject.Web.MVC.dll。

的Global.asax.cs：

public class MvcApplication : NinjectHttpApplication 
    { 
     public static void RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilterCollection filters) 
     { 
      filters.Add(new HandleErrorAttribute()); 
     } 

     public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes) 
     { 
      routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}"); 

      routes.MapRoute(
       "Default", // Route name 
       "{controller}/{action}/{id}", // URL with parameters 
       new 
       { 
        controller = "Home", 
        action = "Index", 
        id = UrlParameter.Optional 
       }); 
     } 

     protected override IKernel CreateKernel() 
     { 
      var kernel = new StandardKernel(); 
      kernel.Load(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly()); 
      return kernel; 
     } 

     protected override void OnApplicationStarted() 
     { 
      base.OnApplicationStarted(); 

      AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas(); 
      RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters); 
      RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes); 
     } 
    } 

App_start \ NinjectWebCommon：

public static class NinjectWebCommon 
    { 
     private static readonly Bootstrapper bootstrapper = new Bootstrapper(); 

     /// <summary> 
     /// Starts the application 
     /// </summary> 
     public static void Start() 
     { 
      DynamicModuleUtility.RegisterModule(typeof(OnePerRequestHttpModule)); 
      DynamicModuleUtility.RegisterModule(typeof(NinjectHttpModule)); 
      bootstrapper.Initialize(CreateKernel); 
     } 

     /// <summary> 
     /// Stops the application. 
     /// </summary> 
     public static void Stop() 
     { 
      bootstrapper.ShutDown(); 
     } 

     /// <summary> 
     /// Creates the kernel that will manage your application. 
     /// </summary> 
     /// <returns>The created kernel.</returns> 
     private static IKernel CreateKernel() 
     { 
      var kernel = new StandardKernel(); 
      kernel.Bind<Func<IKernel>>().ToMethod(ctx =>() => new Bootstrapper().Kernel); 
      kernel.Bind<IHttpModule>().To<HttpApplicationInitializationHttpModule>(); 

      RegisterServices(kernel); 
      return kernel; 
     } 

     /// <summary> 
     /// Load your modules or register your services here! 
     /// </summary> 
     /// <param name="kernel">The kernel.</param> 
     private static void RegisterServices(IKernel kernel) 
     { 
     }   
    } 

我得到错误 “的序列不包含任何元素”。我究竟做错了什么？

错误的详细信息：

Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request. Examine the stack trace for more information about this error and where it originated in the code. 

Exception Details: System.InvalidOperationException: Sequence contains no elements 

Source Error: 
    Unhandled exception occurred during execution of the current web request. Information regarding the origin and location of the exception can be identified using the exception stack trace below. 


Stack Trace: 

[InvalidOperationException: Последовательность не содержит элементов] 
    System.Linq.Enumerable.Single(IEnumerable`1 source) +320 
    Ninject.Web.Mvc.NinjectMvcHttpApplicationPlugin.Start() in c:\Projects\Ninject\ninject.web.mvc\mvc3\src\Ninject.Web.Mvc\NinjectMvcHttpApplicationPlugin.cs:53 
    Ninject.Web.Common.Bootstrapper.<Initialize>b__0(INinjectHttpApplicationPlugin c) in c:\Projects\Ninject\Ninject.Web.Common\src\Ninject.Web.Common\Bootstrapper.cs:52 
    Ninject.Infrastructure.Language.ExtensionsForIEnumerableOfT.Map(IEnumerable`1 series, Action`1 action) in c:\Projects\Ninject\ninject\src\Ninject\Infrastructure\Language\ExtensionsForIEnumerableOfT.cs:32 
    Ninject.Web.Common.Bootstrapper.Initialize(Func`1 createKernelCallback) in c:\Projects\Ninject\Ninject.Web.Common\src\Ninject.Web.Common\Bootstrapper.cs:52 
    Ninject.Web.Common.NinjectHttpApplication.Application_Start() in c:\Projects\Ninject\Ninject.Web.Common\src\Ninject.Web.Common\NinjectHttpApplication.cs:80 

Answer 1

您从NinjectHttpApplication派生并您在同一时间使用App_Start。选一个！阅读docu of Ninject.MVC3了解更多信息。

Answer 2

为了这个明确清楚，如果你用的NuGet加入“Ninject.Mvc3”包（我使用的版本3.0.0.6），有无需做任何修改到global.asax.cs。 NuGet包通过在您的MVC 4项目的App_Start文件夹中创建NinjectWebCommon类来帮助您。

我这样说是因为我似乎跟着原版海报的类似教程（我跟着一篇名为'Dependency Injection in asp.net mvc4 and webapi using Ninject'的代码项目的文章），并且与原始海报有完全相同的问题。该代码项目文章没有说清楚，你应该要么使用的NuGet（不要碰global.asax.cs或手动添加Ninject引用（和修正global.asax.cs）。

Answer 3

确保你没有引用项目，该项目还采用了NinjectMVC3 App_Start。 删除该引用这些后，我的项目开始工作。此外，正如之前所说，检查命名空间的所有比赛，并都是正确的。