如何在Python中将请求包含到POST请求中

Question

我需要从页面中提取所有的邮件。我发现我需要提出2个请求。一个用于获得全部结果+参考个别邮轮和另一个邮轮本身。 到目前为止，我已成功提出要求并获得了JSON。问题是请求只返回第一页中包含的引用。 最初我用这样的：

https://www.pocruises.com.au/sc_ignore/b2c/cruiseresults/searchresults 

作为POST请求URL。我在请求中的一些标题：

Host: www.pocruises.com.au 
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:52.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/52.0 
Accept: application/json, text/plain, */* 
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5 
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br 
Referer: https://www.pocruises.com.au/cruises/search 
Content-Type: application/json;charset=utf-8 
Content-Length: 613 
Cookie: ASP.NET_SessionId=zm50ahxa4uoiwcuowgkeizcn; SC_ANALYTICS_GLOBAL_COOKIE=f459da6904ee4cea8a809455f37b09c5|False; optimizelyEndUserId=oeu1480435687102r0.9194470051495017; optimizelySegments=%7B%223906442756%22%3A%22none%22%2C%223911484226%22%3A%22ff%22%2C%223917223299%22%3A%22direct%22%2C%223920524266%22%3A%22false%22%2C%224924982297%22%3A%22true%22%7D; optimizelyBuckets=%7B%227883701652%22%3A%227867701359%22%7D; _ga=GA1.3.1128287966.1480435688; AdBlockDetected=false; _msuuid_29439mm27589=D0670AB5-C96A-4706-A563-9F29FCA3D9D2; gwcc=%7B%22fallback%22%3A%221300159454%22%2C%22clabel%22%3A%22ykseCIGywFkQhoDuxQM%22%2C%22backoff%22%3A86400%2C%22backoff_expires%22%3A1480522087%7D; gaFindACruise=; _gat=1; optimizelyPendingLogEvents=%5B%22n%3Dengagement%26u%3Doeu1480435687102r0.9194470051495017%26wxhr%3Dtrue%26time%3D1480437791.708%26f%3D7274530066%2C7883701652%26g%3D3909534788%22%5D 
Connection: keep-alive 

直到现在它的工作，如果不计算我回来的只有6个结果。在这篇文章发布时，他们必须是106。该响应包含具有总计数（正确）和页码，总页数等的元数据。 然后我看到了这个： Firefox Screenshot 这Request body包含所有我需要浏览所有页面。 这是迄今为止我的全部代码：

import requests 

url = "https://www.pocruises.com.au/sc_ignore/b2c/cruiseresults/searchresults" 
session = requests.session() 
data = {"searchParameters": {"p": [], "c": [], "d": [], "s": [], "ms": [], "adv": [], "sort": "dpa", "page": 5}, 
     "renderingParameters": {"DefaultSortOption": "dpa", "LargeScreenFlag": "true", "NewModelIsLoading": "false", 
           "PagingAnchor": "", "ViewStyleSelectorVisible": "true", "FilterBarVisible": "true", 
           "NumberOfResultsAndSortByPanelVisible": "true", "DefaultResultsView": "Grid", 
           "MaxNumberOfResults": 0, "PaginationEnabled": "true", "KeepPageState": "true", 
           "PageSize": 9, "DefaultResultsGrouping": "Itinerary", "Duration": [], 
           "CruiseItinerary": [], "Voyage": [], "ExcludeVoyage": [], "PromoCode": [], 
           "AdditionalPromoCodes": []}} 
headers = {"Host": "www.pocruises.com.au", 
      "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:52.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/52.0", 
      "Accept": "application/json, text/plain, */*", "Accept-Language": "en-US,en;q=0.5", 
      "Content-Type": "application/json;charset=utf-8", 
      "Cookie": "ASP.NET_SessionId=zm50ahxa4uoiwcuowgkeizcn; " 
        "SC_ANALYTICS_GLOBAL_COOKIE=f459da6904ee4cea8a809455f37b09c5|False; " 
        "optimizelyEndUserId=oeu1480435687102r0.9194470051495017; " 
        "optimizelySegments=%7B%223906442756%22%3A%22none%22%2C%223911484226%22%3A%22ff%22%2C" 
        "%223917223299%22%3A%22direct%22%2C%223920524266%22%3A%22false%22%2C%224924982297%22%3A%22true" 
        "%22%7D; optimizelyBuckets=%7B%227883701652%22%3A%227867701359%22%7D; " 
        "_ga=GA1.3.1128287966.1480435688; AdBlockDetected=false; " 
        "_msuuid_29439mm27589=D0670AB5-C96A-4706-A563-9F29FCA3D9D2; " 
        "gwcc=%7B%22fallback%22%3A%221300159454%22%2C%22clabel%22%3A%22ykseCIGywFkQhoDuxQM%22%2C" 
        "%22backoff%22%3A86400%2C%22backoff_expires%22%3A1480522087%7D; gaFindACruise=; _gat=1; " 
        "optimizelyPendingLogEvents=%5B%5D", 
      "Connection": "keep-alive"} 
session.headers.update(headers) 
page = session.post(url, headers=headers, data=data) 
cruise_data = page.json() 
print(cruise_data) 



session.headers.update(headers) 
page = session.post(url, headers=headers, data=data) 
cruise_data = page.json() 

但现在我收到此错误：

Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "/home/fixxxer/PycharmProjects/POCruses/main.py", line 31, in <module> 
    cruise_data = page.json() 
    File "/usr/lib/python3.5/site-packages/requests/models.py", line 841, in json 
    return complexjson.loads(self.text, **kwargs) 
    File "/usr/lib/python3.5/json/__init__.py", line 319, in loads 
    return _default_decoder.decode(s) 
    File "/usr/lib/python3.5/json/decoder.py", line 339, in decode 
    obj, end = self.raw_decode(s, idx=_w(s, 0).end()) 
    File "/usr/lib/python3.5/json/decoder.py", line 357, in raw_decode 
    raise JSONDecodeError("Expecting value", s, err.value) from None 
json.decoder.JSONDecodeError: Expecting value: line 1 column 1 (char 0) 

我想我做body部分错误。如何在请求中添加此正文？ 编辑：如果我删除data参数，要求工作正常，但信息是不是我的我need.IF打开网页与我的浏览器，查看发送到浏览器的响应我得到这个： ScreenShot 即使这是什么样不同的我得到没有body。这就是我知道这个body是至关重要的信息。

Answer 1

它接缝此页想到为JSON所以你需要

page = session.post(url, json=data) 

---

BTW数据：

服务器始终分配新的饼干新客户 - 尤其是饼干线ASP.NET_SessionId - 这样更好GET主页在你做其他请求之前获取新的cookies。您可以在get()/post()之后使用headers=headers。如果某些请求需要额外的头部，您可能只需要更换一些头像。

如果使用json=然后将其自动添加页眉"Content-Type": "application/json;charset=utf-8"

的完整代码看起来是这样的：

import requests 

# -- create session --- 

session = requests.session() 

headers = { 
    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:52.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/52.0", 
    "Accept": "application/json, text/plain, */*", 
    "Accept-Language": "en-US,en;q=0.5", 
    "Connection": "keep-alive" 
} 

# set headers for all requests 
session.headers.update(headers) 

# --- get cookies --- 

url = "https://www.pocruises.com.au/" 
page = session.get(url) 

# --- search --- 

data = { 
    "searchParameters": { 
     "p": [], 
     "c": [], 
     "d": [], 
     "s": [], 
     "ms": [], 
     "adv": [], 
     "sort": "dpa", 
     "page": 5 
    }, 
    "renderingParameters": { 
     "DefaultSortOption": "dpa", 
     "LargeScreenFlag": "true", 
     "NewModelIsLoading": "false", 
     "PagingAnchor": "", 
     "ViewStyleSelectorVisible": "true", 
     "FilterBarVisible": "true", 
     "NumberOfResultsAndSortByPanelVisible": "true", 
     "DefaultResultsView": "Grid", 
     "MaxNumberOfResults": 0, 
     "PaginationEnabled": "true", 
     "KeepPageState": "true", 
     "PageSize": 9, 
     "DefaultResultsGrouping": "Itinerary", 
     "Duration": [], 
     "CruiseItinerary": [], 
     "Voyage": [], 
     "ExcludeVoyage": [], 
     "PromoCode": [], 
     "AdditionalPromoCodes": [] 
    } 
} 

url = "https://www.pocruises.com.au/sc_ignore/b2c/cruiseresults/searchresults" 

# `json=` add `"Content-Type": "application/json;charset=utf-8"` 

page = session.post(url, json=data) 

print(page.text) 
cruise_data = page.json() 
print(cruise_data)