2014-10-02 83 views
7

我想用ggplot绘制一个图来比较两个变量的绝对值,并且还显示它们之间的比率。由于比例是无单位的,并且数值不是,所以我不能在同一个y轴上显示它们,所以我想垂直堆叠为两个带有对齐x轴的独立图形。对齐多个ggplot图有无图例

这里是我到目前为止有:

enter image description here

library(ggplot2) 
library(dplyr) 
library(gridExtra) 

# Prepare some sample data. 
results <- data.frame(index=(1:20)) 
results$control <- 50 * results$index 
results$value <- results$index * 50 + 2.5*results$index^2 - results$index^3/8 
results$ratio <- results$value/results$control 

# Plot absolute values 
plot_values <- ggplot(results, aes(x=index)) + 
    geom_point(aes(y=value, color="value")) + 
    geom_point(aes(y=control, color="control")) 

# Plot ratios between values 
plot_ratios <- ggplot(results, aes(x=index, y=ratio)) + 
    geom_point() 

# Arrange the two plots above each other 
grid.arrange(plot_values, plot_ratios, ncol=1, nrow=2) 

最大的问题是,在第一条曲线右侧的传说使得它不同的大小。一个小问题是,我宁愿不在顶部图上显示X轴名称和刻度标记,以避免混乱,并明确表示它们共享同一个轴。

我看这个问题,它的答案:

Align plot areas in ggplot

不幸的是,答案也很适合我。刻面看起来不太合适,因为我想为我的两个图表制作完全不同的y刻度。操纵ggplot_gtable返回的维度似乎更有希望,但我不知道如何解决两个图形具有不同数量的单元格这一事实。天真地复制该代码似乎并没有改变我的情况下生成的图形尺寸。

这里还有一个类似的问题:

The perils of aligning plots in ggplot

这个问题本身似乎暗示一个不错的选择,但rbind.gtable抱怨,如果表中有列数不同,在这里的话,由于传说。也许有一种方法可以在第二个表中插入额外的空列?或者一种方法来抑制第一个图中的图例,然后将其重新添加到组合图中?

+0

我会使用rbind_gtable的方法,但正如你所说的,你需要让gtables具有相同数量的cols。它[虽然很容易](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/21529926/arrange-ggplots-together-in-custom-ratios-and-spacing/21531303#21531303),与gtable_add_cols – baptiste 2014-10-02 11:29:13

+0

[也见这一个]( http://stackoverflow.com/questions/25893673/how-to-arrange-plots-with-shared-axes/25923349#25923349) – baptiste 2014-10-02 12:00:39

+0

为什么不创建一个多面情节时删除facet-titles?以我的答案为例。 – Jaap 2014-10-02 20:53:53

回答

7

这是一个不需要显式使用网格图形的解决方案。它使用方面,并隐藏“比例”的图例条目(使用https://stackoverflow.com/a/21802022的技术)。

library(reshape2) 

results_long <- melt(results, id.vars="index") 
results_long$facet <- ifelse(results_long$variable=="ratio", "ratio", "values") 
results_long$facet <- factor(results_long$facet, levels=c("values", "ratio")) 

ggplot(results_long, aes(x=index, y=value, colour=variable)) + 
    geom_point() + 
    facet_grid(facet ~ ., scales="free_y") + 
    scale_colour_manual(breaks=c("control","value"), 
         values=c("#1B9E77", "#D95F02", "#7570B3")) + 
    theme(legend.justification=c(0,1), legend.position=c(0,1)) + 
    guides(colour=guide_legend(title=NULL)) + 
    theme(axis.title.y = element_blank()) 

plot with legend for only one facet

4

通过巴蒂斯特的评论的鼓舞,这是我最后还是没买:

Two graphs: the first shows two series rising together, one linearly, the other non-linear; the second show the relative ratio between the two series, rising then falling over time

library(ggplot2) 
library(dplyr) 
library(gridExtra) 

# Prepare some sample data. 
results <- data.frame(index=(1:20)) 
results$control <- 50 * results$index 
results$value <- results$index * 50 + 2.5*results$index^2 - results$index^3/8 
results$ratio <- results$value/results$control 

# Plot ratios between values 
plot_ratios <- ggplot(results, aes(x=index, y=ratio)) + 
    geom_point() 


# Plot absolute values 
remove_x_axis = 
    theme(
    axis.ticks.x = element_blank(), 
    axis.text.x = element_blank(), 
    axis.title.x = element_blank()) 

plot_values <- ggplot(results, aes(x=index)) + 
    geom_point(aes(y=value, color="value")) + 
    geom_point(aes(y=control, color="control")) + 
    remove_x_axis 

# Arrange the two plots above each other 
grob_ratios <- ggplotGrob(plot_ratios) 
grob_values <- ggplotGrob(plot_values) 
legend_column <- 5 
legend_width <- grob_values$widths[legend_column] 
grob_ratios <- gtable_add_cols(grob_ratios, legend_width, legend_column-1) 
grob_combined <- gtable:::rbind_gtable(grob_values, grob_ratios, "first") 
grob_combined <- gtable_add_rows(
    grob_combined,unit(-1.2,"cm"), pos=nrow(grob_values)) 
grid.draw(grob_combined) 

(后来我才意识到,我甚至没有需要解压图例宽度,因为rbind的size="first"参数告诉它只是让那个覆盖另一个。)

这感觉有点凌乱,但它正是我期望的布局。

2

一种替代&相当容易的解决方案如下:

# loading needed packages 
library(ggplot2) 
library(dplyr) 
library(tidyr) 

# Prepare some sample data 
results <- data.frame(index=(1:20)) 
results$control <- 50 * results$index 
results$value <- results$index * 50 + 2.5*results$index^2 - results$index^3/8 
results$ratio <- results$value/results$control 

# reshape into long format 
long <- results %>% 
    gather(variable, value, -index) %>% 
    mutate(facet = ifelse(variable=="ratio", "ratio", "values")) 
long$facet <- factor(long$facet, levels=c("values", "ratio")) 

# create the plot & remove facet labels with theme() elements 
ggplot(long, aes(x=index, y=value, colour=variable)) + 
    geom_point() + 
    facet_grid(facet ~ ., scales="free_y") + 
    scale_colour_manual(breaks=c("control","value"), values=c("green", "red", "blue")) + 
    theme(axis.title.y=element_blank(), strip.text=element_blank(), strip.background=element_blank()) 

其给出: enter image description here

4

尝试这种情况:

library(ggplot2) 
library(gtable) 
library(gridExtra) 

AlignPlots <- function(...) { 
    LegendWidth <- function(x) x$grobs[[8]]$grobs[[1]]$widths[[4]] 

    plots.grobs <- lapply(list(...), ggplotGrob) 

    max.widths <- do.call(unit.pmax, lapply(plots.grobs, "[[", "widths")) 
    plots.grobs.eq.widths <- lapply(plots.grobs, function(x) { 
    x$widths <- max.widths 
    x 
    }) 

    legends.widths <- lapply(plots.grobs, LegendWidth) 
    max.legends.width <- do.call(max, legends.widths) 
    plots.grobs.eq.widths.aligned <- lapply(plots.grobs.eq.widths, function(x) { 
    if (is.gtable(x$grobs[[8]])) { 
     x$grobs[[8]] <- gtable_add_cols(x$grobs[[8]], 
             unit(abs(diff(c(LegendWidth(x), 
                 max.legends.width))), 
              "mm")) 
    } 
    x 
    }) 

    plots.grobs.eq.widths.aligned 
} 

df <- data.frame(x = c(1:5, 1:5), 
       y = c(1:5, seq.int(5,1)), 
       type = factor(c(rep_len("t1", 5), rep_len("t2", 5)))) 

p1.1 <- ggplot(diamonds, aes(clarity, fill = cut)) + geom_bar() 
p1.2 <- ggplot(df, aes(x = x, y = y, colour = type)) + geom_line() 
plots1 <- AlignPlots(p1.1, p1.2) 
do.call(grid.arrange, plots1) 

p2.1 <- ggplot(diamonds, aes(clarity, fill = cut)) + geom_bar() 
p2.2 <- ggplot(df, aes(x = x, y = y)) + geom_line() 
plots2 <- AlignPlots(p2.1, p2.2) 
do.call(grid.arrange, plots2) 

产生以下: With legends Without one legend

//基于多个baptiste的回答

+0

谢谢。这对我来说很好,用一个2×2的情节阵列,其中一个情节没有传说。 – michael 2015-08-18 01:11:48