2010-05-11 139 views
1

将结构添加到我的队列后,出现以下代码的分段错误。C中队列出现分段错误

当MAX_QUEUE设置为高电平时发生分段故障,但当设置为低电平(100或200)时,不会发生错误。自从我上次用C语言编程以来,这已经有一段时间了,所以我希望有任何帮助。

#include <stdio.h> 
#include <stdlib.h> 
#include <string.h> 

#define MAX_QUEUE 1000 

struct myInfo { 
     char data[20]; 
}; 

struct myInfo* queue; 
void push(struct myInfo); 
int queue_head = 0; 
int queue_size = 0; 

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) 
{ 
     queue = (struct myInfo*) malloc(sizeof(struct myInfo) * MAX_QUEUE); 

     struct myInfo info; 
     char buf[10]; 
     strcpy(buf, "hello"); 

     while (1) 
     { 
       strcpy(info.data, buf); 
       push(info); 
     } 
} 

void push(struct myInfo info) { 
     int next_index = sizeof(struct myInfo) * ((queue_size + queue_head) % MAX_QUEUE); 
     printf("Pushing %s to %d\n", info.data, next_index); 
     *(queue + (next_index)) = info; 
     queue_size++; 
} 

输出:

Pushing hello to 0 
Pushing hello to 20 
... 
Pushing hello to 7540 
Pushing hello to 7560 
Pushing hello to 7580 
Segmentation fault 
+0

队列中,将它声明为'struct myInfo queue [MAXQUEUE]'和带有'queue [next_index]''的表达式的引用元素可能更为明智。虽然我在一段时间内还没有用C语言编程。 – 2010-05-11 15:19:16

回答

4

我觉得你的问题就在这里:

int next_index = sizeof(struct myInfo) * ... 
*(queue + (next_index)) = info; 

你缩放next_index你的结构的大小,但是这是一件由第二自动完成声明 - *(queue + (next_index))相当于queue[next_index],后者对除我们之外的所有人都更易读,因为K & r为首次发表:-)

换句话说,next_index值应当是一个从0MAX_QUEUE-1,所以尝试改变的第一个语句由sizeof(struct myInfo)删除乘法:

void push(struct myInfo info) { 
    int next_index = (queue_size + queue_head) % MAX_QUEUE; 
    printf("Pushing %s to %d\n", info.data, next_index); 
    queue[next_index] = info; 
    queue_size++; 
} 

而且牢记你最终会在你的无限循环中溢出queue_size。您大概会检查以确保queue_size在最终生产就绪代码中的增量不会超过MAX_QUEUE,是的?

+0

谢谢,那就是问题所在!是的,我有其他代码用于检查queue_size并在队列满时发出警报。在这种情况下,这不是一个因素,所以我没有包括它。 :) – Trevor 2010-05-11 15:19:29

0
void push(struct myInfo info) { 
     int next_index = (queue_size + queue_head) % MAX_QUEUE; 
     printf("Pushing %s to %d\n", info.data, next_index); 
     queue[next_index] = info; 
     queue_size++; 
} 

而且,你并不需要该临时buf

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) 
{ 
     queue = (struct myInfo*) malloc(sizeof(struct myInfo) * MAX_QUEUE); 

     while (1) 
     { 
       struct myInfo info; /* Seems you're using C99 so we can declare here */ 
       strcpy(info.data, "hello"); 
       push(info); 
     } 
} 
1

你被sizeof(struct myInfo)乘以next_index,这是没有必要的。添加到指针类型时,偏移量将根据指向对象的大小自动计算。改变push()第一行应足以:

int next_index = (queue_size + queue_head) % MAX_QUEUE; 
0
*(queue + (next_index)) = info; 

queue是指向一个struct myInfo。您只需要添加1即可获取下一个地址 - 您将其视为char *

你可以这样做:

*(queue + queue_size++) = info; 
+0

不,您不能:队列是循环的,并从数组内的索引'queue_head'开始。 – Thomas 2010-05-11 15:13:59

0

你可以把队列作为一个数组,然后它应该是简单的推项目:由于您使用的静态大小

 
void push(struct myInfo info) { 
    if (queue_size < MAX_QUEUE) { 
    printf("Pushing %s to %d\n", info.data, queue_size); 
    queue[queue_size] = info; 
    queue_size++; 
    } else { 
    printf("ERROR: Queue is full.\n"); 
    /* alternatively you could have a queue_insertion_point 
     variable to keep track of where you are in the queue 
     and use that as your index into your array. You'd then 
     reset it to 0 (to wrap around) when it hit MAX_QUEUE. 
     You need to ensure you don't overwrite data currently 
     in the queue by comparing it against queue_head */ 
    } 
}