哈希哈希在Perl中

Question

我有Perl的问题：输入5移动设置的详细信息（发票号码，型号，公司，内存，价格，数量）。打印所有细节，总金额（数量*价格），总数量，每家公司的手机数量。

我的脚本是：

#!/usr/bin/perl 

my %mobset = (
    '1' => { 
     'Invoice No' =>'3456', 
     'Model'  =>'S9900', 
     'Company' =>'Sonyericcson', 
     'Memory'  =>'1GB', 
     'Price'  =>'8000', 
     'Qnty'  =>'1', 
    }, 
    '2' => { 
     'Invoice No' => '3457', 
     'Model'  => 'S3322', 
     'Company' => 'Samsung', 
     'Memory'  => '2GB', 
     'Price'  => '9000', 
     'Qnty'  => '2', 
    }, 
    '3' => { 
     'Invoice No' => '3458', 
     'Model'  => 'N4140', 
     'Company' => 'Nokia', 
     'Memory'  => '512MB', 
     'Price'  => '5000', 
     'Qnty'  => '2', 
    }, 
    '4' => { 
     'Invoice No' => '3459', 
     'Model'  => 'S4636', 
     'Company' => 'Samsung', 
     'Memory'  => '256MB', 
     'Price'  => '6000', 
     'Qnty'  => '1', 
    }, 
    '5' => { 
     'Invoice No' => '3460', 
     'Model'  => 'S7854', 
     'Company' => 'Samsung', 
     'Memory'  => '128MB', 
     'Price'  => '7000', 
     'Qnty'  => '1', 
    } 
); 

print "All the mobile set details are as follows:\n"; 
foreach my $id(sort keys %mobset) { 

    print "Mobile SlNo. = $id, Invoice No. = $mobset{$id}{'Invoice No'}, Model No. = $mobset{$id}{'Model'}, CompanyName = $mobset{$id}{'Company'}, Memory = $mobset{$id}{'Memory'}, Price = $mobset{$id}{'Price'}, Quantity = $mobset{$id}{'Qnty'}\n"; 

    $totqty += $mobset{$id}{'Qnty'}; 
    $totprice += $mobset{$id}{'Price'}; 
} 

print "Total Quantity of mobile set is $totqty\n"; 
$totamt = $totqty * $totprice; 
print "Total Amount of mobile set is Rs.$totamt\n"; 

print "The company names of mobile are:\n"; 
foreach my $id(sort keys %mobset) { 

    print "$mobset{$id}{'Company'}\n"; 
} 

$name = SonyericcsonSamsungNokiaSamsungSamsung; 
my @names = ($name =~ m/([A-Z][a-z]+)/g); 
join(',',@names); 
my %count; 

foreach (@names) { 

    if (exists $count{$_}) { 

     $count{$_}++; 
    } 
    else { 

     $count{$_} = 1; 
    } 
} 

print "The number of mobiles from each company are:\n"; 
foreach (keys %count) { 

    print "$_ \t = $count{$_}\n"; 
} 

我的输出是：

All the mobile set details are as follows: 
Mobile SlNo. = 1, Invoice No. = 3456, Model No. = S9900, CompanyName = Sonyericcson, Memory = 1GB, Price = 8000, Quantity = 1 
Mobile SlNo. = 2, Invoice No. = 3457, Model No. = S3322, CompanyName = Samsung, Memory = 2GB, Price = 9000, Quantity = 2 
Mobile SlNo. = 3, Invoice No. = 3458, Model No. = N4140, CompanyName = Nokia, Memory = 512MB, Price = 5000, Quantity = 2 
Mobile SlNo. = 4, Invoice No. = 3459, Model No. = S4636, CompanyName = Samsung, Memory = 256MB, Price = 6000, Quantity = 1 
Mobile SlNo. = 5, Invoice No. = 3460, Model No. = S7854, CompanyName = Samsung, Memory = 128MB, Price = 7000, Quantity = 1 
Total Quantity of mobile set is 7 
Total Amount of mobile set is Rs.245000 
The company names of mobile are: 
Sonyericcson 
Samsung 
Nokia 
Samsung 
Samsung 
The number of mobiles from each company are: 
Sonyericcson = 1 
Nokia = 1 
Samsung = 3 

但我得到的O/P为手机的号码，因为我没有硬编码这我不应该移动的名称至。我如何解决代码？

Answer 1

确实没有必要使用硬代码。你知道这个名字 - 它在你正在散步的hasref中。只是建立一个基于公司价值的计数阵列

my %count; 
foreach my $id (sort keys %mobset) { 
    ++$count{$mobset{$id}->{Company}}; 
} 

print "The number of mobiles from each company are:\n"; 
foreach (keys %count) { 

    print "$_ \t = $count{$_}\n"; 
} 

Answer 2

更改代码收集计数的片段：

my %count; 
foreach my $key (%mobset) { 
    my $name = $mobset{$key}{Company} ; 
    $count{$name}++ ; 
} 

或者，更好的，包括它前面的循环：

print "The company names of mobile are:\n"; 
foreach my $id(sort keys %mobset) { 

    my $name = $mobset{$id}{Company}; 
    print "$name\n" ; 
    $count{$name}++ 
} 

注意

1. 这是确定删除数组键中的引号，以便您可以编写{Company}而不是{'Company'}和
2. 增加一个未定义的散列元素（它将被视为0）是可以的，所以不需要检查元素是否存在。

Answer 3

移动名称是您先前在foreach my $id(sort keys %mobset)循环中打印的名称，不是吗？你可以这样做另一个循环，或者你可以在这个循环中将这些名字保存在一个数组中，然后使用它。