如何将SQL数据库添加到app.config文件中？

Question

我想为我的MVC应用程序进行单元测试，他的控制器包含一个数据库。我发现了一些人们说要修复它的东西，但它们都会导致错误，我不知道如何在单元测试的app.config文件中正确配置我的数据库。这是我的AppConfig文件至今：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<!-- 
    Note: Add entries to the App.config file for configuration settings 
    that apply only to the Test project. 
--> 
<configuration> 
    <entityFramework> 
    <defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.LocalDbConnectionFactory, EntityFramework"> 
     <parameters> 
     <parameter value="v12.0" /> 
     </parameters> 
    </defaultConnectionFactory> 
    <providers> 
     <provider invariantName="System.Data.SqlClient" type="System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices, EntityFramework.SqlServer" /> 
    </providers> 
    </entityFramework> 
    <configSections> 
    <!-- For more information on Entity Framework configuration, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=237468 --> 
    <section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission="false" /> 
    <sectionGroup name="dotNetOpenAuth" type="DotNetOpenAuth.Configuration.DotNetOpenAuthSection, DotNetOpenAuth.Core"> 
     <section name="oauth" type="DotNetOpenAuth.Configuration.OAuthElement, DotNetOpenAuth.OAuth" requirePermission="false" allowLocation="true" /> 
     <section name="openid" type="DotNetOpenAuth.Configuration.OpenIdElement, DotNetOpenAuth.OpenId" requirePermission="false" allowLocation="true" /> 
     <section name="messaging" type="DotNetOpenAuth.Configuration.MessagingElement, DotNetOpenAuth.Core" requirePermission="false" allowLocation="true" /> 
     <section name="reporting" type="DotNetOpenAuth.Configuration.ReportingElement, DotNetOpenAuth.Core" requirePermission="false" allowLocation="true" /> 
    </sectionGroup> 
    <!-- For more information on Entity Framework configuration, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=237468 --> 
    </configSections> 
    <appSettings> 

    </appSettings> 

    <connectionStrings> 
     <add name="DefaultConnection" connectionString="Data Source=(LocalDb)\v11.0;Initial Catalog=aspnet-Smoelenboek-20141120162032;Integrated Security=SSPI;AttachDBFilename=|DataDirectory|\aspnet-Smoelenboek-20141120162032.mdf" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" /> 
    </connectionStrings> 
    <runtime> 
    <assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1"> 
     <dependentAssembly> 
     <assemblyIdentity name="DotNetOpenAuth.AspNet" publicKeyToken="2780ccd10d57b246" culture="neutral" /> 
     <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.3.0.0" newVersion="4.3.0.0" /> 
     </dependentAssembly> 
     <dependentAssembly> 
     <assemblyIdentity name="DotNetOpenAuth.Core" publicKeyToken="2780ccd10d57b246" culture="neutral" /> 
     <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.3.0.0" newVersion="4.3.0.0" /> 
     </dependentAssembly> 
     <dependentAssembly> 
     <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Mvc" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" culture="neutral" /> 
     <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-5.2.2.0" newVersion="5.2.2.0" /> 
     </dependentAssembly> 
     <dependentAssembly> 
     <assemblyIdentity name="WebGrease" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" culture="neutral" /> 
     <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-1.6.5135.21930" newVersion="1.6.5135.21930" /> 
     </dependentAssembly> 
     <dependentAssembly> 
     <assemblyIdentity name="System.Net.Http.Formatting" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" culture="neutral" /> 
     <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-5.2.2.0" newVersion="5.2.2.0" /> 
     </dependentAssembly> 
     <dependentAssembly> 
     <assemblyIdentity name="Newtonsoft.Json" publicKeyToken="30ad4fe6b2a6aeed" culture="neutral" /> 
     <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-6.0.0.0" newVersion="6.0.0.0" /> 
     </dependentAssembly> 
     <dependentAssembly> 
     <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Http" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" culture="neutral" /> 
     <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-5.2.2.0" newVersion="5.2.2.0" /> 
     </dependentAssembly> 
     <dependentAssembly> 
     <assemblyIdentity name="WebMatrix.Data" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" culture="neutral" /> 
     <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" /> 
     </dependentAssembly> 
     <dependentAssembly> 
     <assemblyIdentity name="WebMatrix.WebData" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" culture="neutral" /> 
     <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" /> 
     </dependentAssembly> 
     <dependentAssembly> 
     <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.WebPages.Razor" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" culture="neutral" /> 
     <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-2.0.0.0" newVersion="2.0.0.0" /> 
     </dependentAssembly> 
     <dependentAssembly> 
     <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.WebPages" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" culture="neutral" /> 
     <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-2.0.0.0" newVersion="2.0.0.0" /> 
     </dependentAssembly> 
     <dependentAssembly> 
     <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Helpers" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" culture="neutral" /> 
     <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-2.0.0.0" newVersion="2.0.0.0" /> 
     </dependentAssembly> 
     <dependentAssembly> 
     <assemblyIdentity name="Microsoft.Data.Edm" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" culture="neutral" /> 
     <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-5.6.3.0" newVersion="5.6.3.0" /> 
     </dependentAssembly> 
     <dependentAssembly> 
     <assemblyIdentity name="Microsoft.Data.OData" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" culture="neutral" /> 
     <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-5.6.3.0" newVersion="5.6.3.0" /> 
     </dependentAssembly> 
     <dependentAssembly> 
     <assemblyIdentity name="System.Spatial" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" culture="neutral" /> 
     <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-5.6.3.0" newVersion="5.6.3.0" /> 
     </dependentAssembly> 
     <dependentAssembly> 
     <assemblyIdentity name="Antlr3.Runtime" publicKeyToken="eb42632606e9261f" culture="neutral" /> 
     <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-3.5.0.2" newVersion="3.5.0.2" /> 
     </dependentAssembly> 
    </assemblyBinding> 
    </runtime> 
</configuration> 

当前异常，我得到的是：System.Data.Entity.Internal.AppConfig（可悲的是有没有真正的堆栈跟踪）和旧例外，我是越来越是：

No Entity Framework provider found for the ADO.NET provider with invariant name 'System.Data.SqlClient'. Make sure the provider is registered in the 'entityFramework' section of the application config file.

有进度我猜，但我不知道如何解决这个问题。任何帮助将是非常赞赏

Answer 1

在你的app.config试图取代这一行：

<defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.LocalDbConnectionFactory, EntityFramework"> 

这一行：

<defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.SqlConnectionFactory, EntityFramework">