我对django很新颖,能够在djangoproject.com上完成教程而没有任何错误。我现在通过在http://www.django-rest-framework.org/ 发现的Django REST框架教程,我几乎完成它,只是添加身份验证。现在我越来越:OperationalError,没有这样的列。 Django
OperationalError at /snippets/
no such column: snippets_snippet.owner_id
Request Method: GET
Request URL: http://localhost:8000/snippets/
Django Version: 1.7
Exception Type: OperationalError
Exception Value:
no such column: snippets_snippet.owner_id
Exception Location: /Users/taylorallred/Desktop/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/sqlite3/base.py in execute, line 485
Python Executable: /Users/taylorallred/Desktop/env/bin/python
Python Version: 2.7.5
Python Path:
['/Users/taylorallred/Desktop/tutorial',
'/Users/taylorallred/Desktop/env/lib/python27.zip',
'/Users/taylorallred/Desktop/env/lib/python2.7',
'/Users/taylorallred/Desktop/env/lib/python2.7/plat-darwin',
'/Users/taylorallred/Desktop/env/lib/python2.7/plat-mac',
'/Users/taylorallred/Desktop/env/lib/python2.7/plat-mac/lib-scriptpackages',
'/Users/taylorallred/Desktop/env/Extras/lib/python',
'/Users/taylorallred/Desktop/env/lib/python2.7/lib-tk',
'/Users/taylorallred/Desktop/env/lib/python2.7/lib-old',
'/Users/taylorallred/Desktop/env/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload',
'/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7',
'/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-darwin',
'/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/lib-tk',
'/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-mac',
'/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-mac/lib-scriptpackages',
'/Users/taylorallred/Desktop/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages']
Server time: Sat, 11 Oct 2014 07:02:34 +0000
我已经看了好几个地方在网络上,不只是计算器的解决方案,它似乎普遍认为,问题是我的数据库,需要删除然后重新做,我已经做了好几次了,教程甚至让我删除了数据库并重新创建了它。 这里是我的models.py
:
from django.db import models
from pygments.lexers import get_all_lexers
from pygments.styles import get_all_styles
from pygments.lexers import get_lexer_by_name
from pygments.formatters.html import HtmlFormatter
from pygments import highlight
LEXERS = [item for item in get_all_lexers() if item[1]]
LANGUAGE_CHOICES = sorted([(item[1][0], item[0]) for item in LEXERS])
STYLE_CHOICES = sorted((item, item) for item in get_all_styles())
class Snippet(models.Model):
owner = models.ForeignKey('auth.User', related_name='snippets')
highlighted = models.TextField()
created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
title = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True, default='')
code = models.TextField()
linenos = models.BooleanField(default=False)
language = models.CharField(choices=LANGUAGE_CHOICES,
default='python',
max_length=100)
style = models.CharField(choices=STYLE_CHOICES,
default='friendly',
max_length=100)
class Meta:
ordering = ('created',)
def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Use the 'pygments' library to create a highlighted HTML
representation of the code snippet.
"""
lexer = get_lexer_by_name(self.language)
linenos = self.linenos and 'table' or False
options = self.title and {'title': self.title} or {}
formatter = HtmlFormatter(style=self.style, linenos=linenos,
full=true, **options)
self.highlighted = highlight(self.code, lexer, formatter)
super(Snippet, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
我serializers.py
:
from django.forms import widgets
from rest_framework import serializers
from snippets.models import Snippet, LANGUAGE_CHOICES, STYLE_CHOICES
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
class SnippetSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
owner = serializers.Field(source='owner.username')
class Meta:
model = Snippet
fields = ('id', 'title', 'code', 'linenos', 'language', 'style', 'owner')
class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
snippets = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(many=True)
class Meta:
model = User
fields = ('id', 'username', 'snippets')
我views.py
:
from snippets.models import Snippet
from snippets.serializers import SnippetSerializer
from rest_framework import generics
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from snippets.serializers import UserSerializer
from rest_framework import permissions
class SnippetList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
"""
List all snippets, or create a new snippet.
"""
queryset = Snippet.objects.all()
serializer_class = SnippetSerializer
def pre_save(self, obj):
obj.owner = self.request.user
permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly,)
class SnippetDetail(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
"""
Retrieve, update or delete a nippet instance.
"""
queryset = Snippet.objects.all()
serializer_class = SnippetSerializer
def pre_save(self, obj):
obj.owner = self.request.user
permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly,)
class UserList(generics.ListAPIView):
queryset = User.objects.all()
serializer_class = UserSerializer
class UserDetail(generics.RetrieveAPIView):
queryset = User.objects.all()
serializer_class = UserSerializer
最后我urls.py
from django.conf.urls import include
from django.conf.urls import patterns, url
from rest_framework.urlpatterns import format_suffix_patterns
from snippets import views
urlpatterns = patterns('',
url(r'^snippets/$', views.SnippetList.as_view()),
url(r'^snippets/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$', views.SnippetDetail.as_view()),
url(r'^users/$', views.UserList.as_view()),
url(r'^users/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$', views.UserDetail.as_view()),
)
urlpatterns = format_suffix_patterns(urlpatterns)
urlpatterns += patterns('',
url(r'^api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls',
namespace='rest_framework')),
)
我很抱歉,如果我发布了一堆不必要的信息。先谢谢你们。
编辑: DB模式:
CREATE TABLE "snippets_snippet" ("id" integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
"created" datetime NOT NULL, "title" varchar(100) NOT NULL, "code" text NOT NULL,
"linenos" bool NOT NULL, "language" varchar(100) NOT NULL, "style" varchar(100) NOT NULL);
做一些挖我发现,删除并重新创建数据库(如教程说要)时,而不是使用makemigrations
命令后,它不仅不添加列,但它也不会告诉我,什么是错,运行makemigrations
命令时,它告诉我:
You are trying to add a non-nullable field 'highlighted' to snippet without a default;
we can't do that (the database needs something to populate existing rows).
Please select a fix:
1) Provide a one-off default now (will be set on all existing rows)
2) Quit, and let me add a default in models.py
如果我注释掉的highlighted
节它将在上面发布相同的消息,但对于owner
行。所以它需要highlighted
和owner
的默认值,但我不确定要如何使用它。以及教程也没有帮助我。
如果你删除了数据库和reran syncdb我不希望你有这个问题。你确定你删除了正确的SQLite数据库文件吗? – Alasdair 2014-10-11 09:57:47
我提出了你的问题,不是因为这个问题本身,而是因为你尝试过的细节和前沿性的彻底性。提出的问题并不常见。不幸的是我在手机上,无法给出适当的回应。尽管如此,祝你好运。生病检查后看看如何工作 – skzryzg 2014-10-11 13:46:53
我不知道我可以删除错误的数据库。我运行命令'rm tmp.db',然后运行'python manage。py syncdb'每次我这样做,它都会提示我创建一个超级用户,我这样做。我在同一个终端选项卡中执行此操作,以完成项目的其余部分,同时处于相同的环境中。 – TaylorAllred 2014-10-11 18:43:30