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我有一个家庭作业任务来定义序言中的10个事实来解决这个难题。Prolog逻辑拼图和约束编程
Five translators are working in an international organization:
Spaniard, Englishman, Frenchman, German and Russian.
Each of them speaks its native language and also two
languages from the native languages of other translators. Find
the languages speaked by each translator if it is known that
1. The Englishman speaks German.
2. The Spaniard speaks French.
3. The German does not speak Spanish.
4. The Frenchman does not speak German.
5. Spaniard and Englishman can talk with each other in German.
6. Englishman and Frenchman can talk with each other in two
languages.
7. Four translators speak Russian.
8. Exactly two translators speak French.
9. Only one translator who speaks Spanish speaks also Russian.
10. Russian and Englishman have no common languages except
their native languages.
我已经定义了8个约束，降低了我的解决办法的空间15，但我不知道如何定义的最后两个事实。
% lahendusstruktuur
structure(
[translator(inglane,_,_,inglise),
translator(sakslane,_,_,saksa),
translator(hispaanlane,_,_,hispaania),
translator(prantslane,_,_,prantsuse),
translator(venelane,_,_,vene)]).
% abipredikaadid
nationality(translator(B,_,_,_),B).
language1( translator(_,B,_,_),B).
language2( translator(_,_,B,_),B).
native_language(
translator(_,_,_,B),B).
% keelte faktid (andmebaas)
possible_language(vene).
possible_language(inglise).
possible_language(hispaania).
possible_language(prantsuse).
possible_language(saksa).
% tabeli täitmine
solve(S):-
structure(S),
fill_structure(S),
fact1(S),
fact2(S),
fact3(S),
fact4(S),
fact5(S),
fact6(S),
fact7(S),
fact8(S),
%fact9(S),
%fact10(S),
true.
fill_structure([A,B,C,D,E]):-
fill_line(A,inglane),
fill_line(B,sakslane),
fill_line(C,hispaanlane),
fill_line(D,prantslane),
fill_line(E,venelane).
fill_line(X,Nationality):-
nationality(X,Nationality),
possible_language(Keel1),
language1(X,Keel1),
possible_language(Keel2),
language2(X,Keel2),
native_language(X,Native),
Keel1\=Native,
Keel2\=Native,
Keel1 @> Keel2.
% keelte generaator
speaks(Nationality,Language,S):-
member(X,S),
nationality(X,Nationality),
language(X,Language).
language(X,L):-native_language(X,L).
language(X,L):-language1(X,L).
language(X,L):-language2(X,L).
% faktid 1-10
%1. The Englishman speaks German.
fact1(X):-
speaks(inglane,saksa,X).
%2. The Spaniard speaks French.
fact2(X):-
speaks(hispaanlane,saksa,X).
%3. The German does not speak Spanish.
fact3(X):-
\+speaks(sakslane,hispaania,X).
% The Frenchman does not speak German.
fact4(X):-
\+speaks(prantslane,saksa,X).
% Spaniard and Englishman can talk with each other in German.
fact5(X):-
speaks(hispaanlane,saksa,X),
speaks(inglane,saksa,X).
%6. Englishman and Frenchman can talk with each other in two languages.
fact6(X):-
findall(Keel,
(
speaks(inglane,Keel,X),
speaks(prantslane,Keel,X)
),
Keelte_hulk),
Keelte_hulk=[_,_].
%% Four translators speak Russian.
fact7(X):-
findall(Inimene,
(
speaks(Inimene,vene,X),
speaks(Inimene,vene,X),
speaks(Inimene,vene,X),
speaks(Inimene,vene,X)),Inimeste_hulk),
Inimeste_hulk=[_,_,_,_].
/*
(speaks(inglane,vene,X),
speaks(sakslane, vene,X),
speaks(hispaanlane, vene,X),
\+ speaks(prantslane, vene,X));
(speaks(inglane,vene,X),
speaks(sakslane, vene,X),
\+speaks(hispaanlane, vene,X),
speaks(prantslane, vene,X));
(speaks(inglane,vene,X),
\+speaks(sakslane, vene,X),
speaks(hispaanlane, vene,X),
speaks(prantslane, vene,X));
(speaks(inglane,vene,X),
\+speaks(sakslane, vene,X),
speaks(hispaanlane, vene,X),
speaks(prantslane, vene,X)). */
%Exactly two translators speak French.
fact8(X):-
findall(Inimene,
(
speaks(Inimene,prantsuse,X),
speaks(Inimene,prantsuse,X)),Inimeste_hulk),
Inimeste_hulk=[_,_].
例如，我试图为事实这样的解决方案10.
fact10(X):-
speaks(inglane,inglise,X), speaks(venelane,inglise,X),
speaks(venelane,inglise,X), speaks(venelane,vene,X),
\=(speaks(inglane,hispaania,X),speaks(venelane, hispaania,X),
\=(speaks(inglane,prantsuse,X),speaks(venelane, prantsuse,X),
\=(speaks(inglane,saksa,X),speaks(venelane,saksa,X).
这降低了溶液的空间，但是在此之后它仍然包含这样的元件，其不应该在减少解集。
我使用这个函数来得到我的解决方案集大小
findall(_, solve(X), Solutions), length(Solutions,N).
而这对于解决方案集元素
solve(X).
我没有离开的想法如何来描述这两个事实。如果有人可以帮助，我将不胜感激:)。
对不起，我的英语不是我的第一语言。