如何在django中使用sql查询在两个日期之间选择数据？

Question

models.py

我的models.py

class Custom_user_model(User): 

    daily_target = models.IntegerField() 
    monthly_target = models.IntegerField() 
    yearly_target = models.IntegerField() 
    weekly_target = models.IntegerField() 
    call_target = models.IntegerField() 
    email_target = models.IntegerField() 
    meeting_target = models.IntegerField() 
    added_under = models.IntegerField() 
    profile_pic = models.TextField() 
    doj = models.DateTimeField(default='') 
    location_id = models.IntegerField() 
    locked = models.BooleanField() 
    default_currency = models.IntegerField() 
    date_change_permission = models.BooleanField() 
    deal_back_log = models.BooleanField() 
    created_date=models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) 
    role_id=models.IntegerField() 
    profile_pic = models.FileField(upload_to='.') 
    objects = UserManager() 

//This custom_user model is the extension of django's default user model. 

class Deal(models.Model): 

    a_choices = ((0,'yes'),(1,'no')) 
    approved = models.IntegerField(choices=a_choices,default=1) 
    user_id = models.IntegerField() 
    company_id = models.IntegerField() 
    contact_id = models.IntegerField() 
    deal_title=models.CharField(max_length=200) 
    deal_value = models.CharField(max_length=20) 
    currency_id = models.IntegerField() 
    process_id = models.IntegerField() 
    expected_close_date = models.DateField(default='') 
    closed_date = models.DateField() 
    deal_milestone=models.IntegerField() 
    created=models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) 
    last_modified=models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) 
    s_choices = ((0,'active'),(1,'won'),(2,'junk'),(3,'lost')) 
    status = models.IntegerField(choices=a_choices,default=0) 
    type = models.CharField(max_length=50, default='deal') 
    source = models.CharField(max_length=50,default='O') 

class user_Roles(models.Model): 
    code = models.CharField(max_length=20) 
    description = models.CharField(max_length=30) 
    permitted_menus = models.CharField(max_length=200) 
    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) 

使用user_roles模型，我已经分配的权限来访问数据，根据他/她的角色在新创建的用户。我想获得创建的交易，这些交易由具有role_id = 2的用户添加，并创建指定日期之间的交易创建日期。

### views.py 

    st_date, end_date = week_magic(date.today()) 
    cur = connection.cursor() 
    cur.execute("select *, CONCAT(au.first_name,' ',au.last_name) as full_name from myapp_custom_user_model mu left join auth_user au on mu.user_ptr_id = au.id INNER JOIN myapp_user_roles ml on ml.id= 2 and ml.id = mu.role_id LEFT JOIN (SELECT user_id,SUM(deal_value) AS cnt FROM myapp_deal where status = 1 and DATE_FORMAT(closed_date,'%Y-%m-%d') BETWEEN " '%s' " and " '%s' " GROUP BY user_id)d ON mu.user_ptr_id = d.user_id where mu.locked !=1 and mu.role_id = 2 order by COALESCE(d.cnt, 0) DESC",(st_date,end_date)) 
    users = dictfetchall(cur) 
    cur.close() 

执行查询时，显示不支持的格式错误。所以我用一个更%符号相同的查询如下：

cur.execute("select *, CONCAT(au.first_name,' ',au.last_name) as full_name from myapp_custom_user_model mu left join auth_user au on mu.user_ptr_id = au.id INNER JOIN myapp_user_roles ml on ml.id= 2 and ml.id = mu.role_id LEFT JOIN (SELECT user_id,SUM(deal_value) AS cnt FROM myapp_deal where status = 1 and DATE_FORMAT(closed_date,'%%Y-%%m-%%d') BETWEEN " '%s' " and " '%s' " GROUP BY user_id)d ON mu.user_ptr_id = d.user_id where mu.locked !=1 and mu.role_id = 2 order by COALESCE(d.cnt, 0) DESC" %(st_date,end_date)) 

它不给任何错误，但结果是空的，即使有，因为这个语法的数据：DATE_FORMAT(closed_date,'%%Y-%%m-%%d')。如何解决这个问题？

Answer 1

首先，您应该使用ForeignKey字段作为role_id的Custom_user_model和user_id的Deal。其他_id模型中的某些字段可能也是如此。

class Custom_user_model(User): 
    ... 
    role = models.ForeignKey('Role') 
    ... 

class Deal(models.Model): 
    ... 
    user = models.ForeignKey('Custom_user_model') 
    ... 

之后，你可以做你的查询是这样的：

# get deals from users with role_id=2 
query = Deal.objects.filter(user__role_id=2) 
# add filter for deals created by that user created between  
start_date, end_date = week_magic(date.today()) 
query = query.filter(created__between=(start_date, end_date))