Django的芹菜计划任务django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured

Question

我试图运行使用下面的命令我的计划任务：

celery -A Htweetprod2 beat 

据芹菜4.0文档启动计划的任务，这个命令应该工作，但我得到这个错误：

C:\Users\hisg316\Desktop\Htweetprod2>celery -A Htweetprod2 beat 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "c:\python27\lib\runpy.py", line 174, in _run_module_as_main 
"__main__", fname, loader, pkg_name) 
    File "c:\python27\lib\runpy.py", line 72, in _run_code 
exec code in run_globals 
    File "C:\Python27\Scripts\celery.exe\__main__.py", line 9, in <module> 
    File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\celery\__main__.py", line 14, in main 
_main() 
    File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\celery\bin\celery.py", line 326, in main 
cmd.execute_from_commandline(argv) 
    File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\celery\bin\celery.py", line 488, in execute_from_commandline 
super(CeleryCommand, self).execute_from_commandline(argv))) 
    File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\celery\bin\base.py", line 281, in execute_from_commandline 
return self.handle_argv(self.prog_name, argv[1:]) 
    File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\celery\bin\celery.py", line 480, in handle_argv 
return self.execute(command, argv) 
    File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\celery\bin\celery.py", line 412, in execute 
).run_from_argv(self.prog_name, argv[1:], command=argv[0]) 
    File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\celery\bin\base.py", line 285, in run_from_argv 
sys.argv if argv is None else argv, command) 
    File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\celery\bin\base.py", line 367, in handle_argv 
*self.parse_options(prog_name, argv, command)) 
    File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\celery\bin\base.py", line 403, in parse_options 
self.parser = self.create_parser(prog_name, command) 
    File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\celery\bin\base.py", line 419, in create_parser 
self.add_arguments(parser) 
    File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\celery\bin\beat.py", line 114, in add_arguments 
'-s', '--schedule', default=c.beat_schedule_filename) 
    File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\celery\utils\collections.py", line 130, in __getattr__ 
return self[k] 
    File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\celery\utils\collections.py", line 431, in __getitem__ 
return getitem(k) 
    File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\celery\utils\collections.py", line 280, in __getitem__ 
return mapping[_key] 
    File "c:\python27\lib\UserDict.py", line 36, in __getitem__ 
if key in self.data: 
    File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\kombu\utils\objects.py", line 44, in __get__ 
value = obj.__dict__[self.__name__] = self.__get(obj) 
    File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\celery\app\base.py", line 148, in data 
return self.callback() 
    File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\celery\app\base.py", line 910, in _finalize_pending_conf 
conf = self._conf = self._load_config() 
    File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\celery\app\base.py", line 920, in _load_config 
self.loader.config_from_object(self._config_source) 
    File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\celery\loaders\base.py", line 133, in config_from_object 
self._conf = force_mapping(obj) 
    File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\celery\utils\collections.py", line 52, in force_mapping 
return DictAttribute(m) if not isinstance(m, Mapping) else m 
    File "c:\python27\lib\abc.py", line 131, in __instancecheck__ 
subclass = getattr(instance, '__class__', None) 
    File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\django\utils\functional.py", line 234, in inner 
self._setup() 
    File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\django\conf\__init__.py", line 39, in _setup 
% (desc, ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE)) 
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Requested settings, but settings are not configured. You must either define the environment variable 
DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings.configure() before accessing settings. 

我仔细按照说明文件和设置配置到正确的应用程序。我错过了什么吗？

这里是我的tasks.py

from celery import Celery 
from Htweets2.models import Htweets2 
from celery.schedules import crontab 

app = Celery('Htweetprod2') 

@app.task 
def delete_tweets(): 
    oldtweets = Htweets2.objects.all() 
    oldtweets.delete() 

CELERYBEAT_SCHEDULE = { 
    "delete_tweeets_eachday": { 
     'task': "tasks.delete_tweets", 
     # Every 1 hour 
     'schedule': crontab(hour=1, minute=0), 
     'args': (16, 16), 
    }, 
} 

Answer 1

错误信息中明确指出：

django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Requested settings, but settings are not configured. You must either define the environment variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings.configure() before accessing settings.

这意味着你要么必须定义一个名为DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE一个环境变量或之前调用的方法settings.configure在你的代码您访问设置。

我建议设置环境变量DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE。

文档：https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/settings/#designating-the-settings

Answer 2

的最佳实践使用Django芹菜时是有由Django的设置文件配置了芹菜的应用程序。

http://docs.celeryproject.org/en/latest/django/first-steps-with-django.html

from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals 
import os 
from celery import Celery 

# set the default Django settings module for the 'celery' program. 
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'proj.settings') 

app = Celery('proj') 

# Using a string here means the worker don't have to serialize 
# the configuration object to child processes. 
# - namespace='CELERY' means all celery-related configuration keys 
# should have a `CELERY_` prefix. 
app.config_from_object('django.conf:settings', namespace='CELERY') 

# Load task modules from all registered Django app configs. 
app.autodiscover_tasks() 

这使用app.config_from_object()以及建立项目可自动发现在你的Django tasks.py文件的任务安装的应用程序。