如何迭代和编码列表文本而不是列表？

Question

我一直在尝试编码列表price['value']，得到错误AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'encode'。在意识到这个问题之后，我已经尝试了很多不同的方式来在文本添加到列表之前对文本进行编码，但都没有奏效。 在这种情况下，如何正确使用.encode('utf-8')以便通过编码文本而不是列表来获得price['value']结果中的非Unicode数据？

import mechanize 
from lxml import html 
import csv 
import io 
from time import sleep 

def save_products (products, writer): 

    for product in products: 

     writer.writerow([ product["title"][0].encode('utf-8') ]) 
     for price in product['prices']: 
      writer.writerow([ price["value"] ]) 

f_out = open('pcdResult.csv', 'wb') 
writer = csv.writer(f_out) 

links = ["http://purechemsdirect.com/ourprices.html/" ] 

br = mechanize.Browser() 
br.set_handle_robots(False) 
br.addheaders = [('User-agent', 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.9.0.1) Gecko/2008071615 Fedora/3.0.1-1.fc9 Firefox/3.0.1')] 


for link in links: 

    print(link) 
    r = br.open(link) 

    content = r.read() 

    products = []   
    tree = html.fromstring(content)   
    product_nodes = tree.xpath('//div[@class="col-md-6 col-lg-6 col-sm-12"]') 

    for product_node in product_nodes: 

     product = {} 
     try: 
      product['title'] = product_node.xpath('.//p/strong/text()') 

     except: 
      product['title'] = "" 

     price_nodes = product_node.xpath('.//ul') 

     product['prices'] = [] 
     for price_node in price_nodes: 

      price = {} 
      try: 
       price['value'] = price_node.xpath('.//li/text()') 

      except: 
       price['value'] = "" 

      product['prices'].append(price) 
     products.append(product) 
    save_products(products, writer) 

f_out.close() 

Answer 1

也许尝试一个列表理解，因为price['value']是一个列表。我假设price['value']内的值是字符串，而不是其他列表。如果里面有更多的列表，那么这个答案将不起作用。

def save_products (products, writer): 

for product in products: 

    writer.writerow([ product["title"][0].encode('utf-8') ]) 
    for price in product['prices']: 
     writer.writerow([x.encode('utf-8') for x in price['value']]) 
...