控制器测试，用户需要登录每个测试单元

Question

我想测试约会控制器，但用户需要登录才能创建约会。我使用cancancan，用户如何在测试单元中自动登录？

这是我的代码 测试/控制器/ appointments_controller_test.rb 包括CanCanCan load_and_authorize_resource

class AppointmentsControllerTest < ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest 

    setup do 
    @heikoAppointment = appointments(:appointment_heiko) 

    end 

    test "should get index" do 
    get appointments_url 
    assert_response :success 
    end 

    test "should get new" do 
    sign_in users(:default) 
    get new_appointment_url(@heikoAppointment) 
    assert_response :success 
    end 

.....

控制器/ apointments_controller.rb

class AppointmentsController < ApplicationController 
    load_and_authorize_resource 
    layout 'appointment', only: [:shopper_show, :senior_show] 

    def index 
    @shopping_lists = ShoppingList.where(user_id: current_user.id) 
    @users = User.senior.where.not(id: current_user.id).order(:firstname) 

    #@appointments = Appointment.where(user_id: current_user.id) 
    #@invitations = Invitation.where(user_id: current_user.id) 
    #todo: merge @invitations.appointmen into @appointments 
    end 

    # GET /shopping_processes/1 
    # GET /shopping_processes/1.json 
    def show 
    @appointment = Appointment.find(params[:id]) 
    @shopping_lists = get_both_lists 
    @users = get_both_users 
    end 

    # POST /shopping_processes 
    # POST /shopping_processes.json 
    def create 
    @appointment.status = nil 
    @appointment.processed = nil 
    @appointment.user_id = current_user.id 

    sl_created = create_shopping_list? 

    respond_to do |format| 
     if @appointment.save 
     format.html { redirect_to @appointment, notice: t(:appointment_created) } 
     format.json { render :show, status: :created, location: @appointment } 
     else 
     if sl_created 
      ShoppingList.find(@appointment.shopping_list_id).destroy 
     end 
     format.html { render :new } 
     format.json { render json: @appointment.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity } 
     end 
    end 
    end 

    # PATCH/PUT /shopping_processes/1 
    # PATCH/PUT /shopping_processes/1.json 
    def update 
    respond_to do |format| 
     if @appointment.update(appointment_params) 
     format.html { redirect_to @appointment, notice: t(:appointment_updated) } 
     format.json { render :show, status: :ok, location: @appointment } 
     else 
     format.html { render :edit } 
     format.json { render json: @appointment.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity } 
     end 
    end 
    end 

    # DELETE /shopping_processes/1 
    # DELETE /shopping_processes/1.json 
    def destroy 
    @appointment.destroy 
    respond_to do |format| 
     format.html { redirect_to appointments_url, notice: t(:appointment_deleted) } 
     format.json { head :no_content } 
    end 
    end 

    def shopper_index 
    end 

    def ready_index 
    appointments_hash = {} 

    customers = User.where.not(current_appointment: nil).where(role: :senior) 
    customers.each {|user| appointments_hash[user.current_appointment.id] = user.current_appointment} 

    shoppers = User.where.not(current_appointment: nil).where(role: :shopper) 
    shoppers.each {|user| appointments_hash.delete(user.current_appointment.id)} 

    @appointments = [] 
    appointments_hash.each { |appointment_id, appointment| @appointments.push(appointment)} 
    end 

    def shopper_show 
    @appointment = Appointment.find(params[:id]) 
    @shopping_lists = get_both_lists 

    both_users = get_both_users 
    @users = {} 
    first = true 
    both_users.each do |user| 
     @users[user.id] = {color: (first ? 'blue' : 'yellow'), name: user.firstname + ' ' + user.lastname} 
     first = false 
    end 
    end 

    def senior_show 
    @appointment = Appointment.find(params[:id]) 

     if @appointment.user == current_user 
     @shopping_list = @appointment.shopping_list 
     else 
     @shopping_list = @appointment.invitation.shopping_list 
     end 

    #D.S.:Diese zuweisung funktioniert nicht richtig. Sie wurde vor den DB änderung erstellt und muss angepasst werden 
    #D.S.:ShoppingItem.joins(:list_item) und ListItem.where(shopping_list_id: @shopping_list.id]) ergeben ein korrektes Resultat 
    #D.S.:Aber zusammengenommen ist die query leer 
    #@shopping_items = ShoppingItem.joins(:list_item).where(list_item: [shopping_list_id: @shopping_list.id]) 
    end 

    private def get_both_lists 
    shopping_lists = [ @appointment.shopping_list] 

    if @appointment.invitation && @appointment.invitation.shopping_list 
     shopping_lists << @appointment.invitation.shopping_list 
    end 

    shopping_lists 
    end 

    private def get_both_users 
    users = [ @appointment.user] 

    if @appointment.invitation 
     users.push(@appointment.invitation.user) 
    end 

    users 
    end 

    private 
    # Use callbacks to share common setup or constraints between actions. 
    def set_appointment 
     @appointment = Appointment.find(params[:id]) 
    end 

    # Never trust parameters from the scary internet, only allow the white list through. 
    def appointment_params 
     params.require(:appointment).permit(:shopper_id, :status, :appointed, :processed, :shopping_list_id, invitation_attributes: [:user_id, :message ]) 
    end 

    def create_shopping_list? 
    if @appointment.shopping_list_id.blank? 
     name = "Liste für den " + @appointment.appointed.strftime("%d.%m.%Y").to_s 
     invitee_id = "" + (@appointment.invitation.user_id.to_s) if @appointment.invitation 
     name = name + (" mit " + User.find(invitee_id).firstname) unless invitee_id.blank? 
     sl = current_user.shopping_lists.create(:name => name) 
     @appointment.shopping_list_id = sl.id 
     true 
    else 
     false 
    end 
    end 
end 

然后我得到test_should_get_new以下错误：

NameError: undefined local variable or method `load_and_authorize_resource' for AppointmentsControllerTest:Class 

我知道，负载和授权资源的方法无法找到。也许我需要在测试控制器中编写一个登录函数？你会如何解决这个问题？我可以尝试什么？由于

Answer 1

我觉得@heikoAppointment是nil.Try检查it.Hope它有助于