安卓主题，布局文件

元素可以指定机器人：主题属性，它引用主题资源。此属性修改元素和任何子元素的主题，这对更改界面的特定部分中的主题调色板很有用。

这意味着我们可以在布局文件中指定android:theme。而且，如果我们看一下方式Toolbar用于：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" 
    android:id="@+id/toolbar" 
    android:layout_width="match_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:background="@color/green" 
    android:minHeight="?attr/actionBarSize" 
    app:theme="@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.ActionBar" />

显然，加入theme支持。

现在，我想这一点：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
    android:layout_width="match_parent" 
    android:layout_height="match_parent" 
    android:orientation="vertical"> 

    <TextView 
     android:layout_width="match_parent" 
     android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
     android:text="Test" 
     android:theme="@style/TextViewTheme" /> 
</LinearLayout>

其中TextViewTheme是：

<style name="TextViewTheme" parent="TextAppearance.AppCompat"> 
    <item name="android:textColor">#ff0000</item> 
</style>

这似乎看起来完美的设计编辑器，但在运行时我得到这个异常：

12-05 15:56:40.414 32501-32501/com.my.app E/AndroidRuntime﹕ FATAL EXCEPTION: main 
    Process: com.my.app, PID: 32501 
    java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.my.app/com.my.app.TabbedActivity}: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #8: Error inflating class android.widget.TextView 
      at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2298) 
      at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2360) 
      at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:144) 
      at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1278) 
      at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102) 
      at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135) 
      at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5221) 
      at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) 
      at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372) 
      at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:899) 
      at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:694) 
    Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #8: Error inflating class android.widget.TextView 
      at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:633) 
      at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneLayoutInflater.onCreateView(PhoneLayoutInflater.java:55) 
      at android.view.LayoutInflater.onCreateView(LayoutInflater.java:682) 
      at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:741) 
      at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:806) 
      at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:504) 
      at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:414) 
      at com.my.app.ui.DrawerFragment.onCreateView(DrawerFragment.java:20) 
      at android.support.v4.app.Fragment.performCreateView(Fragment.java:1786) 
      at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:920) 
      at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:1104) 
      at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.addFragment(FragmentManager.java:1206) 
      at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.onCreateView(FragmentManager.java:2159) 
      at android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity.onCreateView(FragmentActivity.java:297) 
      at android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity.onCreateView(ActionBarActivity.java:547) 
      at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:727) 
      at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:806) 
      at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:809) 
      at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:504) 
      at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:414) 
      at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:365) 
      at android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivityDelegateBase.setContentView(ActionBarActivityDelegateBase.java:228) 
      at android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity.setContentView(ActionBarActivity.java:102) 
      at com.my.app.TabbedActivity.onCreate(TabbedActivity.java:40) 
      at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5933) 
      at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1105) 
      at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2251) 
            at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2360) 
            at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:144) 
            at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1278) 
            at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102) 
            at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135) 
            at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5221) 
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) 
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372) 
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:899) 
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:694) 
    Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException 
      at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Native Method) 
      at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:288) 
      at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:607) 
            at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneLayoutInflater.onCreateView(PhoneLayoutInflater.java:55) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.onCreateView(LayoutInflater.java:682) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:741) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:806) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:504) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:414) 
            at com.my.app.ui.DrawerFragment.onCreateView(DrawerFragment.java:20) 
            at android.support.v4.app.Fragment.performCreateView(Fragment.java:1786) 
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:920) 
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:1104) 
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.addFragment(FragmentManager.java:1206) 
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.onCreateView(FragmentManager.java:2159) 
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity.onCreateView(FragmentActivity.java:297) 
            at android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity.onCreateView(ActionBarActivity.java:547) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:727) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:806) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:809) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:504) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:414) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:365) 
            at android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivityDelegateBase.setContentView(ActionBarActivityDelegateBase.java:228) 
            at android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity.setContentView(ActionBarActivity.java:102) 
            at com.my.app.TabbedActivity.onCreate(TabbedActivity.java:40) 
            at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5933) 
            at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1105) 
            at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2251) 
            at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2360) 
            at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:144) 
            at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1278) 
            at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102) 
            at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135) 
            at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5221) 
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) 
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372) 
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:899) 
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:694) 
    Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Failed to resolve attribute at index 24 
      at android.content.res.TypedArray.getColor(TypedArray.java:401) 
      at android.widget.TextView.<init>(TextView.java:692) 
      at android.widget.TextView.<init>(TextView.java:629) 
      at android.widget.TextView.<init>(TextView.java:625) 
            at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Native Method) 
            at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:288) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:607) 
            at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneLayoutInflater.onCreateView(PhoneLayoutInflater.java:55) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.onCreateView(LayoutInflater.java:682) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:741) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:806) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:504) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:414) 
            at com.my.app.ui.DrawerFragment.onCreateView(DrawerFragment.java:20) 
            at android.support.v4.app.Fragment.performCreateView(Fragment.java:1786) 
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:920) 
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:1104) 
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.addFragment(FragmentManager.java:1206) 
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.onCreateView(FragmentManager.java:2159) 
            at android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity.onCreateView(FragmentActivity.java:297) 
            at android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity.onCreateView(ActionBarActivity.java:547) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:727) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:806) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:809) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:504) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:414) 
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:365) 
            at android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivityDelegateBase.setContentView(ActionBarActivityDelegateBase.java:228) 
            at android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity.setContentView(ActionBarActivity.java:102) 
            at com.my.app.TabbedActivity.onCreate(TabbedActivity.java:40) 
            at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5933) 
            at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1105) 
            at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2251) 
            at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2360) 
            at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:144) 
            at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1278) 
            at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102) 
            at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135) 
            at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5221) 
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) 
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372) 
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:899) 
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:694)

此外，我通过Google IO app source code看，找不到任何android:theme里面的布局文件。我误解了一些东西吗？

来源

2014-12-05 M-WaJeEh

我同意的文件不清晰。所有的AFAIK都不支持“android：theme”，但'style'仍然有效。 – shkschneider 2014-12-05 15:13:48

API 21+中的任何地方都支持'android：theme'，但目前只有Toolbar支持API <21的appcompat中的'theme'属性。 – alanv 2014-12-05 17:33:13

如果是TextView，而不是android:theme="@style/TextViewTheme"，则应使用 style="@style/TextViewTheme"。

这是因为（来自http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/themes.html）：

主题是应用于整个活动或应用程序，而不是单个视图（如在上面的例子中）的样式。将样式应用为主题时，活动或应用程序中的每个视图都将应用其支持的每个样式属性。例如，您可以将相同的CodeFont样式应用为活动的主题，然后该活动中的所有文本将具有绿色等宽字体。

我认为这个替换也可以解决你的问题。

如果希望所有TextView的长相一样，尝试加入他们的风格融入AppTheme这样的：

<!-- Application theme. --> 
<style name="AppTheme" parent="AppBaseTheme"> 
    <item name="android:textViewStyle">@style/TextViewTheme</item> 
</style>

来源

2014-12-05 12:04:01

您的代码确实有效，但我确定OP知道'style '标签。他对错误的文档说得对。 – shkschneider 2014-12-05 15:14:59

安卓主题，布局文件

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