尝试在现有项目中创建新项目或创建新应用程序时出错

Question

在我的服务器上是Django 1.9，几个月前我从Django 1.8更新了它。一切工作正常，直到我决定建立在现有项目的新应用：

python manage.py startapp test123 

然后我得到了一个错误：

/test123/tests.py already exists, overlaying a project or app into an existing directory won't replace conflicting files

于是，我就这样做的另一个项目，仍然是相同的。然后我试图在其上创建新项目，并安装新的应用程序，但是当我键入此命令：

django-admin.py startproject anyproject 

我得到这个错误： CommandError: /var/www/anyproject/manage.py already exists, overlaying a project or app into an existing directory won't replace conflicting files 然后我在现有项目的根目录键入以下命令：

django-admin runserver 

结束了错误：

Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "/usr/local/bin/django-admin", line 5, in <module> 
    from pkg_resources import load_entry_point 
    File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 2749, in <module> 
    working_set = WorkingSet._build_master() 
    File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 446, in _build_master 
    return cls._build_from_requirements(__requires__) 
    File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 459, in _build_from_requirements 
    dists = ws.resolve(reqs, Environment()) 
    File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 628, in resolve 
    raise DistributionNotFound(req) 
pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound: Django==1.8.3 

然后，此命令：

django-admin.py runserver 

然后有这样的错误：

File "/usr/local/bin/django-admin.py", line 5, in <module> 
    management.execute_from_command_line() 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 353, in execute_from_command_line 
    utility.execute() 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 345, in execute 
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv) 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 195, in fetch_command 
    klass = load_command_class(app_name, subcommand) 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 39, in load_command_class 
    module = import_module('%s.management.commands.%s' % (app_name, name)) 
    File "/usr/lib/python2.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 37, in import_module 
    __import__(name) 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 16, in <module> 
    from django.db.migrations.executor import MigrationExecutor 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 7, in <module> 
    from .loader import MigrationLoader 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 10, in <module> 
    from django.db.migrations.recorder import MigrationRecorder 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 12, in <module> 
    class MigrationRecorder(object): 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 26, in MigrationRecorder 
    class Migration(models.Model): 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 27, in Migration 
    app = models.CharField(max_length=255) 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py", line 1072, in __init__ 
    super(CharField, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py", line 166, in __init__ 
    self.db_tablespace = db_tablespace or settings.DEFAULT_INDEX_TABLESPACE 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 55, in __getattr__ 
    self._setup(name) 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 41, in _setup 
    % (desc, ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE)) 
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Requested setting DEFAULT_INDEX_TABLESPACE, but settings are not configured. You must either define the environment variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings.configure() before accessing settings. 

后，我卸载所有的Django使用PIP，然后重新安装。但我仍然有这个错误。有人可以帮我吗？谢谢

Answer 1

启动新应用程序的命令是startapp，而不是startproject。 startproject是，用于启动一个全新的项目，以及一个新的manage.py等;显然如果你已经有一个项目，你不想覆盖这些文件。 （或者将--settings参数传递给django-admin，这实际上是manage.py的作用）。